本文選題：果樹種植 + 挖坑混肥回填一體機　； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是園林果樹種植大國,傳統(tǒng)的園林果樹種植中挖坑、混肥、填肥過程,機械化程度低,技術粗糙。目前我國的園林果樹種植機械主要是植樹挖坑機,只有挖坑功能,功能單一,不具備機械混肥和機械回填功能,更不能實現(xiàn)園林果樹種植的挖坑、混肥、回填的機械化一體操作。本文設計了一款適用于園林果樹的“原位挖坑混肥回填一體機”,提供園林果樹種植過程的挖坑、混肥、回填的機械化一體式設計,實現(xiàn)園林果樹種植過程的“挖坑、混肥、回填”的機械化連續(xù)性運作。該機械在混肥過程中有機肥料和土壤的混合均勻度非常高,最大程度發(fā)揮有機肥料的效用。本文的研究對我國果樹生產(chǎn)有著重大意義,實現(xiàn)了園林果樹種植過程的高度機械化,極大的提高果農(nóng)種植果樹的效率,減輕勞動力,提高果樹產(chǎn)量,增加果農(nóng)的經(jīng)濟效益。本文研究的原位挖坑混肥回填一體機的機械結構設計包括機架、作業(yè)動力設備、機身升降系統(tǒng)、作業(yè)升降裝置、行走系統(tǒng)和作業(yè)裝置。通過對作業(yè)裝置的三維模型進行EDEM仿真,來測定作業(yè)裝置作業(yè)的物料混合均勻度。在EDEM中創(chuàng)建取樣設備的三維模型進行取樣運動仿真,模擬原位挖坑混肥回填一體機的物料混合均勻度試驗的取樣過程。對完成EDEM取樣運動仿真的混合物料顆粒劃分網(wǎng)格,進行物料混合均勻度的分析。原位挖坑混肥回填一體機完成加工后,設計原位挖坑混肥回填一體機的物料混合均勻度試驗,設計一款原位挖坑混肥回填一體機的物料混合均勻度試驗的取樣設備。先用原位挖坑混肥回填一體機完成挖坑混肥回填的機械化作業(yè)。然后將取樣盒取出,統(tǒng)計取樣盒中的有機肥料顆粒數(shù),按照高轉(zhuǎn)速和低轉(zhuǎn)速進行分階段試驗,按照不同的作業(yè)時間每階段依次進行5次試驗,對原位挖坑混肥回填一體機的物料混合均勻度試驗數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,并與EDEM仿真試驗結果進行對比,得出原位挖坑混肥回填一體機的物料混合均勻度評價。仿真分析及原位挖坑混肥回填一體機物料混合均勻度試驗表明:在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下,作業(yè)裝置的混肥功能對有機肥料在土壤中的混合均勻度有不同影響;混肥時間不同也會對有機肥料在土壤中的混合均勻度產(chǎn)生不同的影響。
[Abstract]:Our country is a big country of garden fruit tree planting. The traditional garden fruit tree planting pit, mixed fertilizer, filling process, low degree of mechanization, rough technology. At present, the planting machinery of garden fruit trees in our country is mainly a pothole digging machine. It has only the function of digging holes and has a single function. It does not have the functions of mechanical fertilizer mixing and mechanical backfilling, nor can it realize the digging and mixing of fertilizer for planting garden fruit trees. The mechanical operation of backfill. In this paper, a "in-situ digging pit mixed fertilizer backfill machine" suitable for garden fruit trees is designed, which provides the mechanized integrated design of digging pit, mixed fertilizer and backfilling in the planting process of garden fruit trees, and realizes the "digging pit, mixed fertilizer" in the planting process of garden fruit trees. Backfill "mechanized continuous operation." The mixing uniformity of organic fertilizer and soil is very high in the process of fertilizer mixing, and the effect of organic fertilizer is maximized. The research in this paper is of great significance to the production of fruit trees in China. It has realized the high mechanization of the planting process of garden fruit trees, greatly improved the efficiency of planting fruit trees by fruit growers, lightened the labor force, increased the output of fruit trees and increased the economic benefits of fruit growers. In this paper, the mechanical structure design of the in-situ excavating fertilizer backfill machine includes the frame, the working power equipment, the fuselage lifting system, the working lifting device, the walking system and the operating device. Through the EDEM simulation of the 3D model of the operating device, the material mixing uniformity of the operation device is measured. The 3D model of sampling equipment was created in EDEM to simulate the sampling motion, and the sampling process of the material mixing uniformity test of the in-situ excavator was simulated. The mixture particles which are simulated by EDEM sampling motion are meshed and the mixture uniformity is analyzed. After finishing the processing of the in-situ excavating pit mixed fertilizer backfill machine, the material mixing uniformity test of the in-situ excavating pit mixed fertilizer backfill machine was designed, and a sampling equipment for the material mixing uniformity test of the in-situ excavating pit mixed fertilizer backfill machine was designed. First, the mechanized backfilling operation of excavating pit mixed fertilizer was completed by using the one-body machine of in-situ excavating and mixing fertilizer backfilling. Then the sampling box was taken out and the number of organic fertilizer particles in the sampling box was counted. The experiments were carried out in stages according to the high and low rotational speed, and five times in turn according to the different operation time. The test data of material mixing uniformity of in-situ excavator are analyzed, and compared with the results of EDEM simulation test, the evaluation of material mixing evenness of in-situ excavator is obtained. The results of simulation analysis and in-situ backfilling test showed that the mixing function of the plant had different effects on the mixing uniformity of organic fertilizer in soil under different rotational speeds. Different mixing time also had different effects on the homogeneity of organic fertilizer in soil.
【學位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S223

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