發(fā)布時間：2018-06-08 19:23

  本文選題：代謝組學 + 產地溯源�。� 參考：《中國農業(yè)科學院》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：茶葉有著悠久的歷史,是中國重要的經濟作物。在傳統(tǒng)的名優(yōu)綠茶中,龍井茶,特別是西湖龍井的地位舉足輕重。目前,除西湖龍井外,新昌大佛龍井、嵊州越鄉(xiāng)龍井、磐安生態(tài)龍井、淳安千島湖龍井、蕭山湘湖龍井等龍井茶“區(qū)域子品牌”已呈現快速發(fā)展的勢頭,形成了茶葉界獨一無二的龍井茶“品牌板塊”,也引起了業(yè)界高度關注。同時,以西湖龍井為例的部分名優(yōu)茶市場依然廣泛存在“以假亂真”的現象,為了給消費者一個明確的判斷標準以及完整的科學依據,本研究以對扁形茶產地判定為目的進行化學指紋圖譜的分類和判別研究。綠茶是世界主要的健康飲品之一,其內在品質是評判綠茶質量的主要因子,專家感官審評是當前主要的品質等級評定方法,然而感官審評或多或少受審評者的身體精神狀態(tài)或人為主觀等因素影響,不同的審評者對同一茶葉的品質評判可能會有所差異。在研究了龍井茶原產地判別問題的基礎上,建立扁形茶品質的預測模型和扁形茶等級的判別模型,對比影響扁形茶品質的特征化合物和影響扁形茶產地的特征化合物,最終確定了不同產地的扁形茶樣品并未與其品質有明顯的相關性。究其根本原因是影響扁形茶品質的代謝化合物主要為兒茶素、氨基酸、植物堿、茶黃素以及其他兒茶素類聚合物等茶葉中含量較高的化合物,而不同產地間因海拔、緯度與小氣候因素所形成的特征化合物主要為黃酮類、多糖類與肽類等茶葉中含量較低的化合物。本實驗主要研究結果如下:1對浙江、四川、貴州、山東四個產茶省的扁形茶樣品的分析通過對浙江、四川、貴州、山東四個產茶省的扁形茶樣品的代謝指紋圖譜進行多元統(tǒng)計分析,PCA分析結果R~2X=0.643,Q~2X=0.363,散點圖中各產茶省樣品各自呈現聚合的趨勢;PLS分析結果R~2X=0.396,R~2Y=0.874,Q~2X=0.898。共鑒定了32種不同產茶省間的特征化合物。包括Cysteinyl-Glycine、3-Nitrotyrosine、Mevalonic acid-5P、N-Carbamoyl-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid、3-O-p-Coumaroylquinic acid、Gallic acid4-O-(6-galloylglucoside)等。2對西湖、錢塘、越州、縉云四個產茶區(qū)的扁形茶樣品的分析通過對西湖、錢塘、越州、縉云四個產茶區(qū)的扁形茶樣品的代謝指紋圖譜進行多元統(tǒng)計分析,PCA分析結果R~2X=0.730,Q~2X=0.388,散點圖中各產茶省樣品各自呈現聚合的趨勢;PLS分析結果R~2X=0.437,R~2Y=0.784,Q~2X=0.845。共鑒定了32種不同產茶省間的特征化合物。包括5-Amino-6-(5'-phosphoribitylamino)uracil、4-Methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal、Ethyl aconitate、1-(2-Hydroxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-beta-D-gentiobioside 1,2-carbamate、Imidazoleacetic acid ribotide等。3對西湖龍井茶保護區(qū)內個主要產茶村的扁形茶樣品的分析通過對西湖龍井茶保護區(qū)內個主要產茶村的扁形茶樣品的代謝指紋圖譜進行多元統(tǒng)計分析,PCA分析結果R~2X=0.786,Q~2X=0.464,散點圖中各產茶省樣品各自呈現聚合的趨勢;PLS分析結果R~2X=0.453,R~2Y=0.848,Q~2X=0.895。共鑒定了44種不同產茶省間的特征化合物。包括4-O-Methylgallic acid、3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid、Ethyl 2-phenyl-3-furancarboxylate、3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid、Dimethyl tetrasulfide等。4影響扁形茶品質的特征化合物的鑒定通過三個等級來鑒定了水提取結合UPLC-Q-TOF/MS測到的1568種代謝化合物中的60種化合物。通過t檢驗得到其中23種化合物在A、B、C三個區(qū)域間具有顯著性差異且三個區(qū)間的樣品審評得分遞減,其中L-Arginine與L-Glutamine等氨基酸類化合物在區(qū)域A與區(qū)域C之間具有顯著性差異,得出該類化合物與扁形茶品質成正相關。與氨基酸類化合物相反,Serinyl-Serine等三種多肽類化合物在A區(qū)域最低C區(qū)域最高,表現出了與品質的負相關性。在兒茶素類化合物中Epigallocatechin表現出了與綠茶品質的負相關性,Catechin僅在B區(qū)域的含量顯著低于C區(qū)域,其余Gallocatechin,Gallocatechin gallate,Catechin gallate,Epigallocatechin gallate等四種化合物都在不同程度上表現出了與品質成正相關性。包括Theaflavin與Catechin-(4beta-8)-Epigallocatechin在內的茶黃素類物質和黃烷醇類化合物的聚合物均表現出了與綠茶品質的負相關。因此,可初步認為,這些特征化合物可用來進行扁形綠茶品質的預測。5甲醇提取條件與水提取條件下扁形茶品質與等級預測模型的對比分析在高通量色譜質譜技術中,水提取條件下得分預測模型(PLS回歸模型)的RMSEP值小于甲醇提取條件,而R~2、Q~2值大于甲醇提取條件。在等級預測模型中,決策樹、神經網絡和貝葉斯網絡等模型的準確度都在在水提取條件下達到90%以上,而預測度均達到80%以上,遠高于甲醇提取條件下準確度72%的均值和預測度62%的均值。這表明,相對傳統(tǒng)的甲醇提取方法,在UPLC-Q-TOF/MS平臺中水提取方法更適合進行綠茶審評得分或等級的預測。
[Abstract]:Tea has a long history and is an important economic crop in China. In the traditional famous green tea, Longjing tea, especially West Lake Longjing, is very important. At present, besides West Lake Longjing, Xinchang Grand Buddha Longjing, Shengzhou Yue Township Longjing, Panan ecological Longjing, Chunan Qiandao Lake Longjing, etc. The momentum of rapid development has formed the unique "brand plate" of Longjing tea industry in the tea industry, which has also aroused great concern in the industry. At the same time, some famous tea markets in Longjing, West Lake, still exist widely in the "false and true" phenomenon, in order to give consumers a clear standard of judgment and a complete scientific basis, the research is a complete scientific basis. The purpose of the study is to classify and discriminate the chemical fingerprint with the purpose of determining the producing area of the flat tea. Green tea is one of the main health drinks in the world. Its intrinsic quality is the main factor to judge the quality of green tea. The expert sensory evaluation is the main quality evaluation method at present, but the sensory evaluation is more or less subject to the body essence of the reviewers. Different judges may vary the quality of the same tea. Based on the study of the identification of Longjing tea origin, the prediction model of the quality of the flat tea and the discriminant model of the level of the flat tea are established, and the characteristic compounds and the flat tea which affect the quality of the flat tea are compared. The fundamental reason is that the metabolic compounds that affect the quality of the flat tea are mainly catechins, amino acids, alkaloids, theaflavins, and other catechin polymers, and the different compounds in the tea. The main research results are as follows: 1 the analysis of flat tea samples from four tea producing provinces in Zhejiang, Sichuan, Guizhou and Shandong was analyzed through the analysis of four tea producing tea in Zhejiang, Sichuan, Guizhou and Shandong. The metabolic fingerprint of the sample of the flat tea of the province was analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis. The results of PCA analysis were R~2X=0.643, Q~2X=0.363, and each tea producing province in the scatter plot showed the trend of polymerization. The results of PLS analysis, R~2X=0.396, R~2Y=0.874, Q~2X=0.898., identified the characteristic compounds of 32 different tea producing provinces, including Cysteinyl-Glycine, 3-Nitrotyro Sine, Mevalonic acid-5P, N-Carbamoyl-2-amino-2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid, 3-O-p-Coumaroylquinic acid, Gallic acid4-O- (6-galloylglucoside), etc. Analysis of the flat tea samples from four tea producing areas in West Lake, Qian Tang, Yue Zhou and Jinyun through the metabolic fingerprint of the flat tea samples from four tea producing areas in West Lake, Qian Tang, Yue Zhou and Jinyun. Multivariate statistical analysis of the atlas, PCA analysis results R~2X=0.730, Q~2X=0.388, each tea producing province sample in the scatter plot showed the trend of polymerization; PLS analysis results R~2X=0.437, R~2Y=0.784, Q~2X=0.845. have identified 32 different tea producing provinces, including 5-Amino-6- (5'-phosphoribitylamino) uracil, 4-Methyl-2-phenyl-2-pent Enal, Ethyl aconitate, 1- (2-Hydroxyphenylamino) -1-deoxy-beta-D-gentiobioside 1,2-carbamate, Imidazoleacetic acid Ribotide and so on, the analysis of the flat tea samples from the main tea producing village in West Lake Longjing tea protection area was carried out by the metabolic fingerprint of the flat tea samples from the main tea producing village in the West Lake Longjing tea reserve. Multivariate statistical analysis, PCA analysis results R~2X=0.786, Q~2X=0.464, the scatter plot of the tea production samples each showed the trend of polymerization; PLS analysis results R~2X=0.453, R~2Y=0.848, Q~2X=0.895. identified 44 different tea producing provinces, including 4-O-Methylgallic acid, 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid, Ethyl Boxylate, 3- (3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl) lactic acid, Dimethyl tetrasulfide and other.4 that affect the quality of flat tea, identified 60 compounds of the 1568 metabolic compounds detected by water extraction combined with UPLC-Q-TOF/MS by three grades. By t test, 23 of these compounds were found in A, B, and three regions. The score of sample review in the three interval is decreasing, in which the amino acid compounds such as L-Arginine and L-Glutamine have a significant difference between the regional A and the regional C. It is concluded that the compounds are positively related to the quality of the flat tea. Contrary to the amino acids, the three kinds of polypeptide compounds such as Serinyl-Serine are the lowest in the A region C. In the catechin compounds, Epigallocatechin showed a negative correlation with the quality of green tea, and the content of Catechin only in the B region was significantly lower than that in the C region. The remaining Gallocatechin, Gallocatechin gallate, Catechin gallate, Epigallocatechin gallate and other four compounds were different. The quality is positively correlated with the quality. The theaflavins and the flavanin compounds, including Theaflavin and Catechin- (4beta-8) -Epigallocatechin, are negatively correlated with the quality of green tea. Therefore, it is preliminarily believed that these compounds can be used to predict the quality of flat green tea,.5 a Comparison and analysis of the quality and grade model of flat tea under the conditions of alcohol extraction and water extraction, in high flux chromatography-mass spectrometry, the RMSEP value of the prediction model (PLS regression model) under the water extraction condition is less than the methanol extraction condition, while the R~2, Q~2 value is greater than the methanol extraction strip. The accuracy of the Bias network model is more than 90% under the water extraction condition, and the prediction degree is above 80%, which is far higher than the mean value of the accuracy of 72% and the mean of 62% in the methanol extraction condition. This shows that the water extraction method in the UPLC-Q-TOF/MS platform is more suitable for green tea review than the traditional methanol extraction method. A prediction of a score or grade.
【學位授予單位】：中國農業(yè)科學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S571.1

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 肖宏儒;鐘成義;宋衛(wèi)東;錢生越;任彩紅;李德權;殷娟;劉屏;;步進式連續(xù)扁形茶整形機的設計與原理分析[J];中國農機化;2007年05期

2 孫倩茹;倪德江;;機制扁形名茶的加工現狀[J];蠶桑茶葉通訊;2009年01期

3 申東;鄭文佳;何萍;;扁形茶不同脫毫技術的對比[J];農技服務;2009年12期

4 申東;鄭文佳;;貴州扁形茶發(fā)展回顧與展望[J];貴州茶葉;2011年01期

5 成洲;廖茜;李清;;兩條常用機制扁形茶生產線的熱效率比較[J];蠶桑茶葉通訊;2013年05期

6 許政良;淺談扁形茶的機制加工技術[J];蠶桑茶葉通訊;2000年02期

7 袁林穎,高飛虎,胡增旬;大葉種機制扁形名茶新工藝[J];福建茶葉;2000年01期

8 胡華健;鄭文佳;喻云春;何萍;劉曉霞;;三鍋扁茶機在扁形茶制作中的應用技術淺析[J];貴州茶葉;2007年04期

9 孫倩茹;倪德江;;機制扁形名茶的加工現狀及發(fā)展趨勢[J];廣東茶業(yè);2009年01期

10 李傳忠;;扁形茶全程機械化加工工藝的研究[J];茶葉通訊;2009年02期

相關會議論文 前1條

1 師大亮;郭敏明;余繼忠;;提升扁形紅茶品質的關鍵性加工技術研究[A];第十六屆中國科協年會——分12茶學青年科學家論壇論文集[C];2014年

相關重要報紙文章 前4條

1 王發(fā)祥;示范帶動做大茶產業(yè)[N];閩西日報;2009年

2 姜言明邋王半勇;山東機械加工出高檔綠茶[N];中國縣域經濟報;2007年

3 本報記者 王東生;茶葉產業(yè)要做強不能再固守手工傳統(tǒng)了[N];農民日報;2011年

4 言明 豐勇 清明;山東：機械加工出高檔綠茶[N];湖南科技報;2007年

相關碩士學位論文 前4條

1 王潔;基于穩(wěn)定同位素比率與礦質元素指紋的扁形茶產地溯源技術研究[D];中國農業(yè)科學院;2016年

2 景進;基于代謝指紋圖譜對扁形茶的產地溯源及品質預測[D];中國農業(yè)科學院;2016年

3 胡民強;扁形名優(yōu)綠茶新型干燥工藝研究[D];中國農業(yè)科學院;2009年

4 鄭亞南;扁形名優(yōu)綠茶加工新工藝的研究[D];華中農業(yè)大學;2010年

，

本文編號：1996916