本文選題：民營企業(yè)　切入點：對外直接投資　出處：《天津商業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年,我國民營企業(yè)對外直接投資的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量呈現(xiàn)顯著上升趨勢,在中國對外直接投資中逐漸起到了領(lǐng)頭軍的作用。民營企業(yè)自身的力量不斷增強,積極主動地探索各種有效方式參與世界經(jīng)濟的合作與競爭中,而實施對外直接投資成為民營企業(yè)“走出去”的有效方式,將國內(nèi)與國際兩個市場有效結(jié)合起來,逐漸成為中國對外直接投資的主力軍。對于民營企業(yè)的投資更是引起了黨和國家的高度重視,黨的十八大更是提出要到2020年全面建成惠及十幾億人口的小康社會,這期間著力深化改革開放,加快經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型,并提出要鼓勵民營企業(yè)積極拓展海外市場,并針對民營企業(yè)制定和實施了一系列鼓勵性政策,為民營企業(yè)拓展海外市場實施對外直接投資提供了良好的政策支持。我國商務(wù)部提出了“備案為主、核準(zhǔn)為輔”的管理模式,簡化了海外投資流程,縮短了辦事時間,提高了辦事效率,為民營企業(yè)拓展海外市場開辟了一條綠色通道。據(jù)國家商務(wù)部統(tǒng)計,2015年中國對外直接投資實現(xiàn)歷史性突破,流量首次位列全球第二位,并超過同期吸引外資水平,首次實現(xiàn)雙向直接投資項下的資本凈輸出,已然成為資本輸出國,而此期間民營企業(yè)對外直接投資的增長速度大大超過了同期國有企業(yè)對外直接投資的增長速度。中國民營企業(yè)正逐步向全球化的方向邁進,同時也表明我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展逐漸走向成熟。與國有企業(yè)比較,中國民營企業(yè)在進行對外直接投資中具有獨特的優(yōu)勢,如以市場化為導(dǎo)向使其投資更注重效率,同時也較為容易受到當(dāng)?shù)卣推髽I(yè)的支持,民營企業(yè)一般規(guī)模小,能夠很快適應(yīng)東道國市場的需求。但隨著中國對外直接投資總量的不斷攀升,在全球?qū)ν庵苯油顿Y占比的快速提升,面臨的對外投資風(fēng)險概率同時也不斷提高。政府在“十二五”規(guī)劃中重點指出要提高我國企業(yè)對外投資收益,同樣表明了我國企業(yè)在對外直接投資過程中收益較低。中國民營企業(yè)由于自身企業(yè)規(guī)模小、抗風(fēng)險能力弱、融資難、法律意識淡薄等,且在對外直接投資中存在風(fēng)險管理意識不強、風(fēng)險承受能力較低、風(fēng)險管理水平較低、風(fēng)險防范手段落后等問題,在對外直接投資的過程中,所面臨的風(fēng)險更為突出。因此,本文關(guān)于民營企業(yè)對外直接投資的風(fēng)險分析具有一定的現(xiàn)實意義。本文首先總結(jié)了發(fā)展中國家對外直接投資的相關(guān)理論,搜集對外直接投資風(fēng)險的相關(guān)國內(nèi)外文獻,進而了解國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對投資風(fēng)險研究的廣度和深度;并從宏觀層面對我國民營企業(yè)進行對外直接投資總體現(xiàn)狀以及風(fēng)險現(xiàn)狀開展分析,從中總結(jié)出中國民營企業(yè)對外直接投資的特征和趨勢以及在風(fēng)險管理中存在的問題,為企業(yè)進一步開展對外直接投資提供背景資料。其次,從東道國視角出發(fā)對中國民營企業(yè)進行對外投資的風(fēng)險因素進行探討,以期對我國民營企業(yè)對外直接投資面臨的主要風(fēng)險以及各類風(fēng)險的特殊性進行匯總。并通過案例分析法對近幾年來我國民營企業(yè)對外直接投資中遭遇風(fēng)險的典型案例進行分析和比較,統(tǒng)計各類風(fēng)險發(fā)生的概率并采用與層次分析法相結(jié)合的方法建立起風(fēng)險評價的指標(biāo)體系與評價模型,理論聯(lián)系實踐,通過具體的風(fēng)險表現(xiàn),為我國其他民營企業(yè)尤其中小型民營企業(yè)“走出去”,風(fēng)險分析提供理論依據(jù)和經(jīng)驗。再者,通過分析大連萬達公司在進行對外投資的具體案例,為我國更多民營企業(yè)“走出去”提供經(jīng)驗借鑒。最后,針對我國民營企業(yè)對外直接投資中面臨的風(fēng)險以及風(fēng)險防范體系實施存在的問題,提出相應(yīng)的預(yù)防措施和對策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, significant upward trend showing the quantity and quality of foreign direct investment of China's private enterprises, foreign direct investment in Chinese gradually played a leading role. Private enterprises own strength unceasingly strengthens, actively explore effective ways to participate in the world economic cooperation and competition, and foreign direct investment the implementation of an effective way of private enterprises to "go out", the two domestic and international market together, gradually become the main force of foreign direct investment. China for private enterprise investment has aroused the attention of the party and country party eighteen is proposed to be fully completed by 2020 will benefit more than one billion people during this period the well-off society, deepening reform and opening up, accelerate economic restructuring, and proposed to encourage private enterprises to actively expand the overseas market, and for the private enterprises to establish and implement A series of incentive policies, the policy provides a good support for the implementation of foreign direct investment to expand overseas market for private enterprises. The Ministry of Commerce of China put forward the record based, supplemented approved management model, simplifies the process of overseas investment, shorten the work time, improve work efficiency, open up a Easy Access expansion the overseas market for private enterprises. According to the national Ministry of Commerce statistics, 2015 Chinese foreign direct investment to achieve a historic breakthrough in traffic for the first time, ranked second in the world, and to attract foreign investment over the same period, for the first time to achieve two-way direct investment under the net capital output, has become a capital exporter, and the foreign direct investment in the period of private enterprises the growth rate much higher than foreign direct investment over the same period the growth rate of state-owned enterprises. Chinese private enterprise is gradually to the direction of globalization, but also indicates that China's The economic development has gradually mature. Compared with state-owned enterprises, private enterprises China has unique advantages in foreign direct investment, such as market-oriented investment which pays more attention to efficiency, but also more vulnerable to the support of the local government and enterprises, private enterprises are generally small scale, can quickly adapt to the host country market but with the demand. Chinese foreign direct investment continues to rise, accounting for rapid increase ratio in global foreign direct investment, foreign investment risk faced is also rising. The government points out to improve the foreign investment income of Chinese enterprises in the "12th Five-Year", also showed gains in foreign enterprises in China in the process of direct investment is relatively low. Chinese private enterprises due to its small scale, weak anti risk ability, financing, legal consciousness, and in foreign direct investment. In the risk management awareness is not strong, low risk tolerance, risk management level is low, the problem of risk prevention means backward, in the process of foreign direct investment, the risk is more prominent. Therefore, the risk of foreign direct investment in private enterprises has a certain practical significance. This paper summarizes the analysis the related theory of foreign direct investment in developing countries, the related literature at home and abroad to collect the risk of foreign direct investment, and to understand the breadth and depth of research on the investment risk of domestic and foreign scholars; and from the macro level to carry out the analysis of foreign direct investment of the overall situation and risk status of the private enterprises in our country, summarizes the characteristics and trend of foreign direct investment in private Chinese the enterprise and the problems existing in the risk management in providing background information for the further development of foreign direct investment enterprises. Secondly, from To explore the risk factors of the host country from the perspective of foreign investment to China private enterprises, with a view to China's private enterprises foreign direct investment, the main risks faced by the risk and all kinds of special summary. And through the case analysis on the typical cases in recent years, China's private enterprises encounter the risk of foreign direct investment in the the analysis and comparison of probability and statistics of risk and the established evaluation index system and risk evaluation model with AHP method of combining the theory with practice, through the risk of specific performance, for our other private enterprises especially small and medium-sized private enterprises to "go out", the risk analysis provides a theoretical basis and experience furthermore, through the analysis of Dalian Wanda company in the specific case of foreign investment, China's more private enterprises to "go out" to provide the experience for reference. Then, the corresponding preventive measures and countermeasures are put forward in view of the risks faced by private enterprises in our country and the existing problems in the risk prevention system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F279.26;F125

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