本文選題：政府購(gòu)買　切入點(diǎn)：職業(yè)教育　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“建國(guó)君民教育為先”。自古以來(lái),我國(guó)統(tǒng)治者均重視教育,尤其是在國(guó)家間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的今天,教育更是發(fā)揮著決定性作用。職業(yè)教育是中國(guó)特色教育體系的重要組成部分,屬就業(yè)導(dǎo)向型教育,具有很強(qiáng)的實(shí)踐性、職業(yè)性,對(duì)人才培養(yǎng)技術(shù)技能要求較高。學(xué)生的技術(shù)技能需要在實(shí)習(xí)實(shí)訓(xùn)室或真實(shí)的生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中完成,但職業(yè)院校僅僅依靠自身的實(shí)習(xí)場(chǎng)地、實(shí)訓(xùn)設(shè)備、指導(dǎo)老師根本無(wú)法滿足人才培養(yǎng)的實(shí)際需要。通過(guò)校企合作來(lái)解決職業(yè)教育人才培養(yǎng)崗位技術(shù)技能已是世界各國(guó)的通例,因?yàn)槠髽I(yè)有完整的生產(chǎn)線、先進(jìn)的設(shè)備、完善的管理和經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的技師,是職業(yè)教育人才技術(shù)技能培養(yǎng)的天然場(chǎng)所,讓學(xué)生進(jìn)入企業(yè)培養(yǎng)技術(shù)技能無(wú)疑是最好的選擇。職業(yè)教育學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)是職業(yè)教育人才培養(yǎng)最重要的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié),職業(yè)院校學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)是指職業(yè)院校的學(xué)生到企業(yè)進(jìn)行技術(shù)技能培養(yǎng),也就是我們?cè)诮虒W(xué)上通稱學(xué)生到企業(yè)完成人才培養(yǎng)方案規(guī)定的實(shí)習(xí)課程,實(shí)踐中稱為頂崗實(shí)習(xí)。學(xué)生到企業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)的權(quán)利義務(wù)一般是通過(guò)“校企合作協(xié)議”來(lái)確認(rèn)的,因此,校企合作是職業(yè)教育辦學(xué)的重要質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。校企合作是指職校和企業(yè)之間因人才培養(yǎng)而建立的雙方優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)、相互促進(jìn)、共同發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)期、穩(wěn)定合作關(guān)系。企業(yè)利用真實(shí)的生產(chǎn)線為學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)提供服務(wù),指導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成技術(shù)技能課程,而學(xué)校則以科研和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新優(yōu)勢(shì)、以及通過(guò)訂單培養(yǎng)為企業(yè)輸送人才。但通過(guò)相關(guān)的調(diào)研、統(tǒng)計(jì)我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),職業(yè)教育校企合作開(kāi)展得并不順利。企業(yè)合作意愿不強(qiáng)、合作形式單一、保障機(jī)制不健全等方面均存圈套問(wèn)題,“剃頭挑子一頭熱”的局面困擾著職業(yè)教育人才培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量的提高。職業(yè)教育校企合作開(kāi)展不順利的原因很多,但企業(yè)不能從合作中獲得預(yù)期的利益是根本原因。因此,如何保障企業(yè)合理的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益才是解決校企合作“一頭熱”的根本出路。從制度上說(shuō),國(guó)家雖然為企業(yè)設(shè)定了不少號(hào)召性或引導(dǎo)性的條款,要求企業(yè)積極參與職業(yè)教育學(xué)生的技術(shù)技能培養(yǎng),但這并不是規(guī)范性法律義務(wù),只是一種企業(yè)的道德義務(wù),企業(yè)根本沒(méi)有動(dòng)力,而校方則認(rèn)為企業(yè)積極性不夠是企業(yè)不作為,沒(méi)有履行法律規(guī)定的道德義務(wù)。雖然很多職業(yè)院校的學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)都多達(dá)半年以上,但學(xué)校并不愿意將國(guó)家的這些撥款和學(xué)生所交的學(xué)費(fèi)按比例給企業(yè),而是以職業(yè)院�；A(chǔ)薄弱、國(guó)家投入不足,校園建設(shè)負(fù)債率高等理由搪塞,雙方無(wú)法達(dá)成方滿意的實(shí)質(zhì)性協(xié)議。有鑒于此,通過(guò)政府購(gòu)買的法律方式,構(gòu)建國(guó)家向企業(yè)購(gòu)買職校學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)服務(wù)的制度,才是實(shí)現(xiàn)職業(yè)教育校企合作的制度化思路。
[Abstract]:Founding a country education for the first ". Since ancient times, China's rulers have attached great importance to education, especially in the increasingly fierce competition between countries today, education is playing a decisive role. Occupation education is an important part of the education system China characteristics, belongs to the employment oriented education, practical, strong occupation technical skills training, higher requirements for talents. Technical skills students need to complete the training room or in the real production environment, but the occupation colleges only relying on their own practice field, training equipment, the instructor does not meet the needs of personnel training. Through the cooperation between school and enterprise to solve the job skills training occupation education is the world practice, because the enterprise has a complete production line, advanced equipment, perfect management and experienced technicians, technical skills talent occupation education training The natural place, let the students into the enterprise technical skills training is undoubtedly the best choice. Occupation education students' practice teaching is the most important occupation education training, occupation college students practice refers to the occupation college students to enterprise technical skills, it is we in teaching students to complete the enterprise known as the talent training scheme the provisions of the internship practice called internship. Students practice in the enterprises of the rights and obligations is generally acknowledged by a "cooperation agreement", therefore, school enterprise cooperation is an important quality standard of occupation education. School enterprise cooperation is complementary advantages of both sides, between vocational school and enterprise for talent training and the establishment of mutual promotion and the common development of long-term, stable relations of cooperation. Enterprises use real production line to provide services for students, guide students to complete technical skills courses, The school is in scientific research and technological innovation, and training talents for enterprises through training orders. But through the relevant statistical research, it is not difficult to find, to carry out occupation education cooperation is not smooth. The enterprise is not strong willingness to cooperate, cooperation in the form of a single, security mechanism is not perfect, there were "tiaozi trap. A hot situation plagued by the improvement of the quality of personnel occupation education. Education of school enterprise cooperation to carry out occupation reason not smooth, but enterprises can not obtain the expected benefits from the cooperation is the basic reason. Therefore, how to protect the enterprise reasonable economic benefit is to solve the school enterprise cooperation in a hot fundamental way. Said from the system, although the state for enterprises to set up a lot of call or guidance in terms of technical skills require enterprises to actively participate in the occupation education students, but it is not. The normative legal obligation, is a kind of enterprise moral obligation, the business has no power, and the school is that the enthusiasm of enterprises is not enough as the enterprise, not to fulfill the law of moral obligation. Although a lot of occupation college student are up to more than half a year, but the school is not willing to take these grants and student nations. The tuition fee in proportion to the enterprise, but by the occupation college foundation is weak, inadequate investment in the country, the debt rate of higher campus construction of excuses, the parties can not reach a substantive agreement satisfied. Therefore, the legal way through the purchase of government, construction of the national enterprises to purchase the vocational school students internship system is the realization of system thinking occupation education of school enterprise cooperation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G719.2

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