吉林省最低工資制度研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 吉林省 最低工資制度 最低工資標準 出處:《吉林大學》2017年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文
【摘要】:最低工資制度作為政府宏觀調(diào)控收入分配的重要手段之一,與企業(yè)工資指導線、行業(yè)人工成本、人力資源市場指導價位等措施在促進收入分配公平方面發(fā)揮著重要的作用,保障了低收入勞動者特別是社會弱勢群體的合法權(quán)益。相對于其他三種措施來講,最低工資制度是政府對勞動關(guān)系采取干預的主要措施,較其他三種措施具有更大的強制性,也充分體現(xiàn)了“看得見的手”保護弱勢群體的力度。隨著經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,人民群眾的生活水平也在不斷提高,對于收入分配公平的要求也越來越高,最低工資制度的施行,保護了低技能勞動者提供正常勞動后獲得最低限額的勞動報酬的權(quán)益,使他們獲得更加公平的待遇,也緩解了收入差距日益拉大的現(xiàn)狀,在促進經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展、維護勞動關(guān)系和諧穩(wěn)定方面發(fā)揮了重要作用,也對國民的生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。然而,我國的最低工資標準存在著普遍偏低的現(xiàn)象,與社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展水平不相適應(yīng),也存在著部分企業(yè)執(zhí)行最低工資標準不到位,政府對企業(yè)最低工資執(zhí)行情況存在監(jiān)管方面力度不足等現(xiàn)象。最低工資標準的提高,雖然使低收入勞動者分享了改革發(fā)展的成果,但一定程度上也導致了企業(yè)人工成本的不斷上升,在經(jīng)濟下行的壓力下,會使無法承擔巨大人工成本的企業(yè)采取裁員、縮招等方式減少勞動力的使用,一定程度上又增加了低收入勞動者喪失勞動機會的風險性。最低工資標準的合理與否,也成為政府政策制定部門需要認真考量的重要內(nèi)容。近年來,東北經(jīng)濟因不斷下行而備受關(guān)注,雖然從2016年上半年公布的數(shù)據(jù)來看,下行的趨勢漸緩,但也無法延續(xù)往日的輝煌,如何既保證經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,給企業(yè)創(chuàng)造良好的投資運營環(huán)境,又切切實實的保障勞動者的合法權(quán)益,成為政府部門下大力氣要解決的問題。吉林省雖然受經(jīng)濟下行沖擊較小,但民營經(jīng)濟發(fā)展滯后也成為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展緩慢的瓶頸,逐步完善最低工資制度、合理調(diào)整最低工資標準,也成為支持民營經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要內(nèi)容。為進一步完善吉林省最低工資制度,了解最低工資制度在執(zhí)行過程中存在的問題,本文以吉林省最低工資制度為主要研究對象,首先對國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀做了歸納,通過收集到的1995年至2015年吉林省的各項經(jīng)濟統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù),對吉林省最低工資現(xiàn)狀進行了分析,并與職工月平均工資、職工月平均工資增幅和全國各省月最低工資標準做了比較,歸納出吉林省最低工資制度在運行過程中存在的一些不足之處,并針對存在的問題給出建議,希望在制定新的最低工資標準、完善最低工資調(diào)整機制時,提供可供借鑒的意見。
[Abstract]:As one of the important means for the government to control the distribution of income, the minimum wage system plays an important role in promoting the fairness of income distribution with such measures as the enterprise wage guidance line, the labor cost of the industry, and the guiding price of the human resources market. It protects the legitimate rights and interests of low-income workers, especially the vulnerable groups of society. Compared with the other three measures, the minimum wage system is the main measure taken by the government to intervene in labor relations, and it is more compulsory than the other three measures. It also fully reflects the strength of the "visible hand" to protect the vulnerable groups. With the rapid development of the economy, the living standards of the people are also constantly improving, and the requirements for income distribution fairness are becoming higher and higher, and the implementation of the minimum wage system, It protects the rights of low-skilled workers to receive a minimum amount of remuneration for their work after normal work, makes them receive more fair treatment, and alleviates the growing income gap and promotes economic and social development, The maintenance of harmonious and stable labor relations has played an important role and has had a great impact on the quality of life of the people. However, the minimum wage standard in our country is generally low and does not correspond to the level of social and economic development. There are also phenomena that some enterprises do not implement the minimum wage standard in place, and the government has insufficient supervision over the implementation of the minimum wage in enterprises. The increase in the minimum wage standard has enabled low-income workers to share the fruits of reform and development. However, to a certain extent, it has also led to the rising labor costs of enterprises. Under the downward pressure of the economy, enterprises that cannot afford huge labor costs will take measures to reduce the use of labor force, such as layoffs and cutbacks. To a certain extent, it has also increased the risk of loss of employment opportunities for low-income workers. Whether the minimum wage is reasonable or not has also become an important content that government policy-making departments need to seriously consider. In recent years, The Northeast economy has attracted much attention because of its continuous downward trend. Although the data released in the first half of 2016 show that the downward trend is gradually slowing down, it is also unable to continue the glory of the past. How to ensure the development of the economy and create a good environment for enterprises to invest and operate? The protection of the legitimate rights and interests of workers has become a major problem for government departments to solve. Although Jilin Province has been less affected by the downward economic downturn, the lag in the development of the private economy has also become a bottleneck to the slow economic development. Gradually perfecting the minimum wage system and rationally adjusting the minimum wage standard have also become an important content in supporting the development of the private economy. In order to further improve the minimum wage system in Jilin Province, we should understand the problems existing in the implementation of the minimum wage system. This paper takes the minimum wage system of Jilin Province as the main research object, first of all, summarizes the domestic and foreign research status, through collecting the economic statistics of Jilin Province from 1995 to 2015, analyzes the current situation of the minimum wage in Jilin Province. Compared with the average monthly wage of workers and staff, the increase of average monthly wage of workers and the standard of monthly minimum wage of every province in the whole country, this paper sums up some shortcomings of the minimum wage system in Jilin Province in the course of operation, and puts forward some suggestions for the existing problems. The author hopes to provide advice for reference in formulating new minimum wage standard and perfecting the adjustment mechanism of minimum wage.
【學位授予單位】:吉林大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:F249.27
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