本文關(guān)鍵詞：環(huán)境規(guī)制下中國(guó)區(qū)域全要素生產(chǎn)率測(cè)度及影響因素研究　出處：《華北水利水電大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 環(huán)境規(guī)制 環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率 Malmquist-Luenberger指數(shù) 方向性距離函數(shù)

【摘要】：改革開放以來(lái),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持了長(zhǎng)達(dá)三十年的高速增長(zhǎng),在取得巨大成就的同時(shí),也集中出現(xiàn)了發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在上百年的工業(yè)化進(jìn)程中分階段出現(xiàn)的各種環(huán)境問題,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與環(huán)境污染之間的關(guān)系受到廣泛關(guān)注。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展步入"新常態(tài)",近年來(lái),中國(guó)的GDP增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)有所降低,同時(shí),全球氣候變暖、霧霾天氣以及國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)碳排放量的關(guān)注,使得人們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量的要求越來(lái)越高,環(huán)保呼聲也越來(lái)越高。全要素生產(chǎn)率作為衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量的核心,一直是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究焦點(diǎn),而而隨著對(duì)環(huán)境規(guī)制問題思考的深入,人們對(duì)全要素生產(chǎn)率與環(huán)境規(guī)制的關(guān)系也有了更深層的認(rèn)識(shí),因此,為了更加客觀準(zhǔn)確地衡量中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量,必須將環(huán)境規(guī)制納入到生產(chǎn)率的測(cè)算當(dāng)中。本文基于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、全要素生產(chǎn)率以及環(huán)境規(guī)制的相關(guān)理論,整理計(jì)算了中國(guó)30個(gè)省份、直轄市和自治區(qū)(除西藏、港澳臺(tái)地區(qū))1998年——2013年宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)、能源消耗量和二氧化碳排放等數(shù)據(jù),通過基于DEA的方向性距離函數(shù),分別測(cè)度了不考慮環(huán)境規(guī)制的全要素生產(chǎn)率(Malmquist指數(shù),簡(jiǎn)稱M指數(shù))和考慮環(huán)境規(guī)制的全要素生產(chǎn)率(Malmquist-Luenberger指數(shù),簡(jiǎn)稱ML指數(shù))及它們相應(yīng)的分解指標(biāo)(效率變化率EFFCH和技術(shù)進(jìn)步率TECH),并將研究對(duì)象劃分為東部、中部和西部地區(qū),從時(shí)間和空間角度對(duì)三大區(qū)域的環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率進(jìn)行對(duì)比,最后運(yùn)用計(jì)量手段建立面板回歸模型,對(duì)環(huán)境規(guī)制下全要素生產(chǎn)率的影響因素進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析,主要得出了以下結(jié)論:從時(shí)間變化角度來(lái)看,東部、中部地區(qū)的環(huán)境規(guī)制是有效的,促進(jìn)了全要素生產(chǎn)率的提高,西部地區(qū)環(huán)境規(guī)制缺乏效率,環(huán)境污染對(duì)環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率造成了消極影響;三大區(qū)域同期內(nèi)的環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率東部最高、中部其次、西部最低,觀測(cè)期內(nèi)三大區(qū)域的ML指數(shù)變動(dòng)方向基本呈現(xiàn)一致趨勢(shì),中部地區(qū)最接近全國(guó)平均水平;2010年以后,隨著國(guó)家對(duì)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的關(guān)注度提高,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度放緩,各區(qū)域ML指數(shù)呈略微下降趨勢(shì)。從空間差異角度來(lái)看,東部各省份整體的ML指數(shù)、M指數(shù)及分解指標(biāo)均優(yōu)于中部和西部地區(qū),但中部省份的效率變化率略優(yōu)于東部省份;三大區(qū)域的ML指數(shù)平均值呈梯度遞減,其中,東部和西部各省份的差異較大,而中部地區(qū)各省份的數(shù)據(jù)較為集中;全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)ML指數(shù)的最大值和最小值分別出現(xiàn)在東部和西部地區(qū);三大區(qū)域中,超過全國(guó)平均值的省份(自治區(qū)或直轄市),東部地區(qū)共有7個(gè),占整個(gè)東部省份數(shù)量的64%;中部地區(qū)有3個(gè),占中部省份數(shù)的38%;西部地區(qū)有4個(gè),占比36%;全國(guó)超過平均值的省份共14個(gè),占比47%。環(huán)境規(guī)制下區(qū)域全要素生產(chǎn)率的影響因素方面:"環(huán)境庫(kù)茲涅茨曲線假說"和"污染天堂假說"在西部地區(qū)表現(xiàn)的最為顯著;中部地區(qū)資本勞動(dòng)比的提高對(duì)環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率的提高造成了消極影響;三大區(qū)域第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)ML指數(shù)的影響均顯著為正;政府治污能力的有效發(fā)揮能夠促進(jìn)環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率的提高,但西部地區(qū)仍需加強(qiáng)。最后,文章從兼顧環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)系、合理促進(jìn)對(duì)外開放與合作、優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、加強(qiáng)科技創(chuàng)新以及強(qiáng)化環(huán)境規(guī)制手段等方面為區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制下全要素生產(chǎn)率的提高提出了相關(guān)對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, Chinese economy has maintained rapid growth for thirty years, made great achievements at the same time, also focused on the emergence of a variety of environmental problems in the process of industrialization in developed countries hundreds of years emerged in different stages of the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution due to widespread concern. With the development of economy into the new normal "in recent years, China GDP growth target has been reduced, at the same time, the global climate warming, the haze weather and the international community on carbon emissions, makes people more and more high requirements on the quality of economic development, environmental protection has also become increasingly high. The total factor productivity as the core measure of the quality of economic growth, has been studied the focus in the field of economics, and with the thinking of environmental regulation in-depth, focused on the relationship between total factor productivity and environmental regulation also have a deeper understanding, therefore, in order to More accurate measure of the quality of economic development Chinese, must be incorporated into the environmental regulation. Based on the calculation of productivity growth, theory of TFP and environmental regulation, Chinese 30 provinces calculated consolidation, municipalities and autonomous regions (except Tibet, Hong Kong and Macao) 1998 - 2013 macroeconomic energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions data, through the directional distance function based on DEA, respectively to measure the total factor productivity does not consider environmental regulation (Malmquist index, M index) and total factor productivity of environmental regulation (Malmquist-Luenberger index, ML index) and their corresponding decomposition index (efficiency change rate of EFFCH and the rate of technological progress, TECH) and the research object is divided into eastern, central and western regions, from the perspective of time and space of the three regional environmental total factor Productivity comparison, finally using econometric methods to establish a panel regression model, an empirical analysis of influencing factors of total factor productivity under environmental regulation, the main draw the following conclusions: from the eastern time change perspective, the central region, the environmental regulation is effective, promote the improvement of total factor productivity, the lack of environmental regulation in western regions efficiency, environmental pollution caused by the negative impact on the environment of TFP; three in the same period of the regional environmental total factor productivity East is highest, followed by the central and Western lowest ML index changes in the direction of the observation period of three regions showed consistent trend, the central region is the most close to the national average; after 2010, with the state of the environment the quality of the increased focus, the slower pace of economic growth, the regional ML index showed a downward trend. The difference from the space perspective, the eastern provinces The overall ML index, M index and decomposition indicators are better than the central and western regions, but the efficiency change rate of the central province of eastern provinces is slightly better than that of the three regional ML index; the average value of the gradient, the difference between eastern and western provinces of the larger, while the central region all copies of the data are concentrated in the country; the ML index of the maximum value and the minimum value appeared in the eastern and western regions; three regions, more than the national average of the provinces (autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the central government), the eastern region has a total of 7, total number of 64% eastern provinces; central region has 3, accounting for 38% of the number of central provinces the western region; there are 4, accounting for 36%; the average value of more than 14 provinces, accounting for 47%. environmental impact under the regulation of the regional total factor productivity factors: "environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis" and "pollution heaven hypothesis" in the western region of the most The central region increased significantly; the ratio of capital and labor to improve environmental TFP caused negative effects; affect the development of three major areas of the third industry of ML index were significantly positive; effective government pollution control ability can promote the environmental total factor productivity, but the western region needs to be strengthened. Finally, the article from taking into account the relationship between environment and economy, reasonable promotion of opening and cooperation, optimize the industrial structure, strengthen technological innovation and strengthen environmental regulation means for regional environmental regulation in total factor productivity and put forward relevant suggestions.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：X22;F224;F124

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