本文關(guān)鍵詞：太陽能—空氣源熱泵熱水系統(tǒng)運行特性及優(yōu)化研究　出處：《集美大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 太陽能 空氣源熱泵 熱水系統(tǒng) 運行性能 正交實驗 節(jié)能環(huán)保效益

【摘要】：制備生活熱水消耗的能源是我國居民建筑能源消耗的一個重要組成部分,隨著生活水平的不斷提高,這部分能耗必將出現(xiàn)大幅度增長,特別是在東部沿海地區(qū)。本文以樣機所處區(qū)域(廈門)為例,通過搭建實驗樣機,考察太陽能-空氣源熱泵熱水系統(tǒng)的運行特性,根據(jù)大量的實驗基礎(chǔ)總結(jié)各參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,確定系統(tǒng)各個部件的最佳運行工況,從而實現(xiàn)對系統(tǒng)的全年運行特性全面研究。以節(jié)能性為優(yōu)化目標,對系統(tǒng)的主要部件參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化匹配。通過搭建并聯(lián)非直膨式的太陽能-空氣源熱泵單水箱熱水系統(tǒng)實驗樣機,對熱水系統(tǒng)在實際工況條件下的熱力學性能進行了測試。結(jié)果顯示:隨著集熱面積的變化,集熱器的日平均集熱效率變化不大,但集熱器的瞬時集熱效率與儲熱水箱溫度成負相關(guān),與環(huán)境溫度、太陽能輻射強度成正相關(guān),并擬合出相應公式�？諝庠礋岜肅OPH不僅與環(huán)境溫度有關(guān),還與環(huán)境相對濕度、進水初溫有關(guān),并擬合出COPH的關(guān)系式,這可為系統(tǒng)在典型氣象年下進一步探索全年運行特性和能耗打下基礎(chǔ)。以樣機所處區(qū)域的典型年氣象數(shù)據(jù)以及熱水系統(tǒng)的實測性能為依據(jù),建立數(shù)學模型,并確定了樣機在所處區(qū)域集熱器的最佳傾角,為19.6?。在典型年氣象數(shù)據(jù)下采用逐日計算的方法,結(jié)果表明:全年集熱終止水溫高于40℃的有245天,無需開啟空氣源熱泵加熱的天數(shù)為136天,全年運行能耗為358.70k W·h/m2,全年日均每升熱水能耗為4.95W·h。通過圍繞熱水系統(tǒng)運行特性主要部件參數(shù)的敏感性及組合優(yōu)化分析,選取有效集熱面積、集熱傾角、水箱容積、熱泵開啟時間為影響系統(tǒng)性能的運行特性參數(shù),以系統(tǒng)輔熱量、空氣能熱泵COPH和系統(tǒng)COPS-H為評價指標,采用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計中的正交實驗法安排實驗,通過極差分析法和方差分析法對熱水系統(tǒng)的正交實驗結(jié)果進行科學的分析和評估,得出系統(tǒng)運行參數(shù)的最優(yōu)化組合;然后,引進年均太陽能保證率作為對追加的最優(yōu)運行參數(shù)組合實驗進行驗證。研究結(jié)果表明:系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)化運行參數(shù)的具體組合為:集熱器面積為3.9m2,集熱器傾角為19.6?,儲熱水箱容積為200L,空氣源熱泵開啟時間為16:00。本文通過在三地(福州、廈門、永安)典型氣象條件下,對電加熱水系統(tǒng)、電輔助太陽能熱水系統(tǒng)、空氣源熱泵熱水系統(tǒng)和太陽能-空氣源熱泵熱水系統(tǒng)進行節(jié)能效益、經(jīng)濟效益及環(huán)保效益的對比分析,結(jié)果表明,與其他幾種熱源方式相比,太陽能-空氣源熱泵熱水系統(tǒng)年能耗最低,經(jīng)濟效益最好,系統(tǒng)因節(jié)能帶來的污染物減排對改善該地區(qū)環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀有積極作用,適宜在該地區(qū)推廣應用。
[Abstract]:Preparation of domestic hot water consumption of energy is an important part of energy consumption of residential buildings, with the continuous improvement of living standards, this part of energy consumption will be greatly increased. Especially in the eastern coastal area, this paper takes the area where the prototype is located (Xiamen) as an example to investigate the operation characteristics of solar-air source heat pump hot water system by building an experimental prototype. According to a large number of experimental basis summed up the variation of the parameters, determine the optimal operating conditions of each component of the system, so as to achieve a comprehensive study of the system's operating characteristics throughout the year, with energy-saving as the goal of optimization. The parameters of the main components of the system are optimized and matched. The experimental prototype of a solar-air source heat pump single-tank hot water system with parallel non-direct expansion is built. The thermodynamic properties of the hot water system under the actual working conditions are tested. The results show that the daily average heat collection efficiency of the collector does not change much with the change of the collector area. However, the instantaneous collector efficiency is negatively correlated with the temperature of the hot water tank, positively correlated with the ambient temperature and the solar radiation intensity, and the corresponding formula is fitted. The COPH of the air-source heat pump is not only related to the ambient temperature. It is also related to the relative humidity of the environment and the initial temperature of the influent, and the relationship of COPH is fitted. This can lay a foundation for further exploring the operating characteristics and energy consumption of the system in a typical meteorological year. Based on the typical annual meteorological data in the region where the prototype is located and the measured performance of the hot water system, a mathematical model is established. The optimum inclination angle of the collector in the area of the prototype is determined to be 19.6? Under the typical annual meteorological data, the method of daily calculation is used. The results show that there are 245 days when the water temperature is higher than 40 鈩，

本文編號：1373058