【摘要】：區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)因?yàn)槠湎到y(tǒng)運(yùn)行能效高,維護(hù)管理方便等優(yōu)點(diǎn)引起了人們的極大關(guān)注。近年來(lái),中國(guó)也開(kāi)始引入這種供冷系統(tǒng),隨著區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)在中國(guó)的發(fā)展,在工程實(shí)踐中也突顯了很多問(wèn)題,如系統(tǒng)初投資較大,運(yùn)行維護(hù)成本較高,系統(tǒng)制冷機(jī)組綜合能效低。因而給區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)的推廣帶來(lái)了阻礙,若要從根本解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題,就需以綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)效益去考慮,而影響系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)性的主要影響因素為系統(tǒng)的一些關(guān)鍵參數(shù)包括供冷半徑、冷凍水供回水溫差、冷凍水流速等,本文從系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)性角度出發(fā),研究這些參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)性的影響,并得出經(jīng)濟(jì)供冷參數(shù)值。首先,本文介紹了區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)的類(lèi)型及其組成,根據(jù)系統(tǒng)類(lèi)型確定系統(tǒng)各組成部分的初投資,并介紹了區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)冷源的類(lèi)型,分析了制冷機(jī)組容量的確定方法。并簡(jiǎn)要分析了區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)各項(xiàng)費(fèi)用的影響。然后,介紹了系統(tǒng)參數(shù)對(duì)主要運(yùn)行設(shè)備(如制冷機(jī)組和水泵)運(yùn)行性能的影響,從傳熱原理分析各參數(shù)如供回水溫度,冷卻水進(jìn)出口溫度等對(duì)制冷機(jī)組能效比的影響,并以此計(jì)算制冷機(jī)組的運(yùn)行費(fèi)用。根據(jù)水泵的性能曲線,分析了水泵的幾種運(yùn)行模式及不同模式下的性能表現(xiàn),計(jì)算不同工況下的水泵的運(yùn)行費(fèi)用。其次,介紹了輸配管網(wǎng)造成的冷量損失,著重介紹了由管網(wǎng)與土壤傳熱產(chǎn)生的冷量損失和水泵運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生的冷凍水溫升冷量損失,并計(jì)算了由冷量損失造成的冷凍水溫升,分析其對(duì)系統(tǒng)投資的影響。最后,本文針對(duì)區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)供冷半徑和經(jīng)濟(jì)流速問(wèn)題,根據(jù)區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)用戶分布的特點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)化了系統(tǒng)供冷區(qū)域的負(fù)荷分布及管網(wǎng)分布,采用全壽命周期費(fèi)用方法,以經(jīng)濟(jì)最優(yōu)為目標(biāo),建立了區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)供冷參數(shù)的目標(biāo)函數(shù),結(jié)合工程實(shí)例為目標(biāo)函數(shù)的一些參數(shù)賦值,并分析電力價(jià)格、管道流速、供回水溫差以及用戶負(fù)荷密度等因素對(duì)區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的影響,并計(jì)算了不同工況下的區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)供冷參數(shù)如經(jīng)濟(jì)供冷半徑和經(jīng)濟(jì)流速。研究結(jié)果表明經(jīng)濟(jì)供冷半徑隨電價(jià)的增大而減小,隨負(fù)荷密度的增大而增大;經(jīng)濟(jì)流速隨供冷半徑增大而增大,隨供回水溫差增大而減小;在確定的供冷半徑下,供回水溫差越大,區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性越好。研究成果為區(qū)域供冷系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)提供了理論依據(jù)與技術(shù)指導(dǎo),具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Regional cooling system has attracted great attention because of its advantages of high energy efficiency and convenient maintenance and management. In recent years, China has also begun to introduce this cooling system. With the development of regional cooling system in China, many problems have also been highlighted in engineering practice, such as the large initial investment of the system and the high cost of operation and maintenance. The overall energy efficiency of the system refrigeration unit is low. Therefore, it hinders the popularization of regional cooling system. In order to solve this problem fundamentally, it is necessary to consider the comprehensive economic benefit, and some key parameters of the system, such as cooling radius, are the main influencing factors affecting the economic efficiency of the system. In this paper, the effects of these parameters on the economic efficiency of the system are studied from the point of view of system economy, and the economic cooling parameters are obtained. Firstly, this paper introduces the type and composition of the regional cooling system, determines the initial investment of each component of the system according to the system type, introduces the type of the cold source of the regional cooling system, and analyzes the determination method of the capacity of the refrigeration unit. The influence of the key parameters of the regional cooling system on the cost of the system is briefly analyzed. Then, the influence of the system parameters on the operation performance of the main operating equipment, such as refrigeration unit and pump, is introduced. The influence of the parameters such as the temperature of supply and return water, the temperature of cooling water inlet and outlet on the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration unit is analyzed from the principle of heat transfer. The operating cost of the refrigeration unit is calculated by this method. According to the performance curve of the pump, several operation modes of the pump and its performance under different modes are analyzed, and the running cost of the pump under different working conditions is calculated. Secondly, the cooling loss caused by the transmission and distribution network is introduced, the cooling loss caused by the heat transfer between the pipe network and soil and the cooling loss caused by the operation of the water pump are emphatically introduced, and the cooling water temperature rise caused by the cooling loss is calculated. Analysis of its impact on the system investment. Finally, aiming at the problem of optimal cooling radius and economical velocity of regional cooling system, according to the characteristics of user distribution of regional cooling system, the load distribution and pipe network distribution are simplified in this paper, and the whole life cycle cost method is adopted. Taking economic optimization as the goal, the objective function of economic cooling parameters of regional cooling system is established, and some parameters of the objective function are assigned with engineering examples, and the electricity price and pipeline velocity are analyzed. The effects of the temperature difference between supply and return water and user load density on the economic benefit of regional cooling system are studied. The economic cooling parameters such as economic cooling radius and economic velocity are calculated under different working conditions. The results show that the economic cooling radius decreases with the increase of electricity price and increases with the increase of load density, and the economic velocity increases with the increase of cooling radius and decreases with the increase of the temperature difference between supply and return water. Under the given cooling radius, the greater the temperature difference between the supply and return water, the better the economy of the regional cooling system. The research results provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for the design of regional cooling system, which is of great significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU831

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