【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)化水平的不斷提升,城市交通的擁擠狀況也在不斷加劇。為緩解這一現(xiàn)象,我國(guó)大多數(shù)一、二線城市開(kāi)始大規(guī)模規(guī)劃和建設(shè)地鐵。西安作為其中之一規(guī)劃了十余條地鐵線路,但西安大多數(shù)地鐵車(chē)站修建于黃土場(chǎng)地且位于8度設(shè)防區(qū),地鐵車(chē)站結(jié)構(gòu)一旦遭遇地震破壞,對(duì)整個(gè)城市的生產(chǎn)和生活帶來(lái)不便。已有震害表明,地鐵車(chē)站破壞后不僅修復(fù)困難而且代價(jià)很大。因此,開(kāi)展黃土場(chǎng)地地鐵地下車(chē)站的振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)和研究對(duì)后續(xù)黃土地區(qū)地鐵車(chē)站的抗震設(shè)計(jì)和研究意義非凡。本文針對(duì)黃土場(chǎng)地條件下的地鐵地下車(chē)站開(kāi)展振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)方案設(shè)計(jì)并對(duì)其合理性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,主要研究工作包括以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)通過(guò)查閱大量有關(guān)地下結(jié)構(gòu)方面的振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)研究文獻(xiàn),總結(jié)了各種振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)及其方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。針對(duì)本次試驗(yàn)內(nèi)容選擇滿足要求的振動(dòng)臺(tái)、剪切模型土箱和各種測(cè)試元件等。(2)設(shè)計(jì)適合西安典型黃土地區(qū)振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)方案,主要設(shè)計(jì)及研究?jī)?nèi)容包括:通過(guò)確定長(zhǎng)度相似比、材料相似比和密度相似比進(jìn)一步設(shè)計(jì)整個(gè)試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中各參數(shù)的相似比;對(duì)比常用的承載力相似和等面積配筋率相等兩種配筋方案優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),最終確定適合本次試驗(yàn)的配筋方案;采用微型模具進(jìn)行車(chē)站模型的制作;采用欠人工質(zhì)量模型進(jìn)行配重的計(jì)算與布置;對(duì)比選擇適合西安黃土場(chǎng)地條件的天然地震波和人工合成地震波;進(jìn)行地震響應(yīng)測(cè)點(diǎn)布置優(yōu)化研究。(3)通過(guò)ABAQUS軟件模擬試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ驮?度設(shè)防中震作用下結(jié)構(gòu)的受力特征,計(jì)算方法采用《城市軌道交通抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》(GB 50909-2014)中的反應(yīng)位移法。為還原真實(shí)的試驗(yàn)狀況,本文采用三維實(shí)體單元建立分析模型,而非規(guī)范推薦的梁?jiǎn)卧治瞿Ｐ�。模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)中西安人工波0.2g工況下測(cè)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比;同時(shí)對(duì)比試驗(yàn)中地鐵車(chē)站結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞特點(diǎn)與實(shí)際工程中地鐵車(chē)站的震害特征。從這兩方面驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)方案的合理性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization in China, urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. In order to alleviate this phenomenon, most of the first and second-tier cities in our country began to plan and build subway on a large scale. As one of them, Xi'an has planned more than ten subway lines, but most of the subway stations in Xi'an are built in loess sites and are located in 8 degree fortification areas. Once the subway station structure is damaged by earthquake, it will bring inconvenience to the production and life of the whole city. The earthquake damage has shown that the subway station is not only difficult to repair but also costly. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out shaking table test and research of underground subway station in loess site for seismic design and research of subway station in the following loess area. In this paper, the vibration table test scheme is designed for underground subway station under the condition of loess site and its rationality is verified. The main research work includes the following aspects: (1) the advantages and disadvantages of various shaking table tests and their methods are summarized by consulting a large number of documents on shaking table tests of underground structures. According to the contents of this test, the vibration table, shear model soil box and various test elements are selected to meet the requirements. (2) the test scheme is designed for the typical loess area of Xi'an. The main design and research contents are as follows: the similarity ratio of each parameter in the whole test process is further designed by determining the length similarity ratio, the material similarity ratio and the density similarity ratio; Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of reinforcement schemes, which are similar bearing capacity and equal reinforcement ratio of equal area, the reinforcement scheme suitable for this test is finally determined, and the station model is made with miniature mould. Under artificial mass model is used to calculate and arrange counterweight, and natural seismic wave and synthetic seismic wave which are suitable for Xi'an loess site are compared and selected. The optimum arrangement of seismic response measuring points is studied. (3) the stress characteristics of structures under the action of 8 degree fortification are simulated by ABAQUS software. The response displacement method in the Code for Seismic Design of Urban Rail Transit (GB 50909-2014) is adopted. In order to restore the real experimental situation, the analysis model is established by using three-dimensional solid element, rather than the beam element analysis model recommended by the specification. The simulation results are compared with the measured data of Xi'an artificial wave at 0.2 g working condition, and the damage characteristics of subway station structure in the test are compared with the seismic damage characteristics of the actual subway station. The rationality and feasibility of the test scheme are verified from these two aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U231.4;TU93

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