【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境負(fù)面問題的日益突出,節(jié)能減排及可持續(xù)發(fā)展已成為世界各國政府工作的重心之一。竹材作為一種綠色環(huán)�？稍偕牧�,在我國產(chǎn)量極為豐富,用其加工制作的膠合板材也具有優(yōu)良的加工性能和力學(xué)特性,同時用膠合竹材建造的竹結(jié)構(gòu)房屋具有施工速度快、抗震性能優(yōu)越、造價低廉等優(yōu)點(diǎn),目前已在工程實(shí)踐中得到應(yīng)用。但是,膠合竹材作為現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)的基本材料,其具有可燃性,其耐火性能嚴(yán)重阻礙了現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展,因此為了推進(jìn)膠合竹材的工程應(yīng)用及現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展,本文對膠合竹材的動態(tài)燃燒性能、炭化及傳熱性能進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究,同時運(yùn)用有限元分析軟件ABAQUS對其溫度場進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬分析。主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果包括以下幾個方面:(1)運(yùn)用錐形量熱儀對不同熱輻射強(qiáng)度下膠合竹材的動態(tài)燃燒性能進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究,對其點(diǎn)燃時間、熱釋放速率、質(zhì)量損失速率、產(chǎn)煙速率、CO2及CO產(chǎn)率等燃燒參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析,并與木膠合板進(jìn)行比較。同時運(yùn)用以上參數(shù),從著火性、火災(zāi)熱危險及煙氣危險三個方面對膠合竹材的火災(zāi)危險性進(jìn)行評估,并對其火災(zāi)轟燃時間及耐火時間進(jìn)行預(yù)測。結(jié)果表明:在火災(zāi)的早期發(fā)展階段,膠合竹材具有較高的火災(zāi)熱危險,隨著火勢的發(fā)展,膠合竹材的火災(zāi)熱危險性有所降低,其火勢發(fā)展速度低于木膠合板,但膠合竹材火災(zāi)煙氣危險遠(yuǎn)高于木膠合板;(2)按照恒溫及ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)升溫兩種不同的升溫方式,對單面受火膠合竹材的炭化速率及溫度場進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究,得出膠合竹材受火炭化的一般規(guī)律,并測得其在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)火災(zāi)條件下的炭化速率為0.64mm/min;同時通過對溫度場數(shù)據(jù)分析,可知膠合竹材具有優(yōu)于杉木的隔熱性能;(3)基于竹材和木材化學(xué)組成及微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的相似性,參照木材的相關(guān)熱力學(xué)參數(shù),對膠合竹材的溫度場進(jìn)行有限元模擬分析,并和單面受火膠合竹材的溫度場試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,分析木材熱力學(xué)參數(shù)對膠合竹材的適用性。結(jié)果表明:在炭化層形成之前,有限元結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合較好,但在炭化層形成之后兩者出現(xiàn)差別,膠合竹材的熱工性能仍需進(jìn)一步系統(tǒng)研究。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent negative environmental problems, energy saving and emission reduction and sustainable development have become one of the priorities of governments all over the world. As a kind of green and environmental protection renewable material, bamboo is very rich in output in our country. The glued board made by bamboo has excellent processing performance and mechanical properties, and the bamboo structure building built with glued bamboo has a fast construction speed. The advantages of excellent seismic performance and low cost have been applied in engineering practice. However, as the basic material of modern bamboo structure, glued bamboo has flammability, its fire resistance seriously hinders the development of modern bamboo structure, so in order to promote the engineering application of glued bamboo and the development of modern bamboo structure, In this paper, the dynamic combustion performance, carbonization and heat transfer performance of glued bamboo are studied. The temperature field of glued bamboo is simulated by finite element analysis software ABAQUS. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) the dynamic combustion performance of glued bamboo under different thermal radiation intensity was studied by using a cone calorimeter, and the ignition time, heat release rate, mass loss rate were studied. The combustion parameters such as CO _ 2 and CO yield were analyzed and compared with wood plywood. At the same time, the fire hazard of glued bamboo wood was evaluated from three aspects of fire ignition, fire thermal hazard and smoke hazard, and the fire flashover time and fire resistance time were predicted. The results showed that, in the early stage of fire, glued bamboo had a higher fire thermal hazard. With the development of fire, the fire thermal hazard of glued bamboo was decreased, and the fire rate of glued bamboo was lower than that of wood plywood. But the fire smoke danger of glued bamboo wood is much higher than that of wood plywood. (2) according to two different heating methods of constant temperature and ISO standard, the carbonization rate and temperature field of single side fire bonded bamboo are studied. The general rule of carbonization of glued bamboo is obtained, and the carbonization rate of glued bamboo under standard fire conditions is 0.64 mm / min. At the same time, the temperature field data are analyzed. It can be seen that glued bamboo has better thermal insulation performance than Chinese fir. (3) based on the similarity of chemical composition and microstructure of bamboo and wood, the temperature field of glued bamboo is simulated by finite element method according to the relevant thermodynamic parameters of wood. The applicability of wood thermodynamic parameters to glued bamboo wood was analyzed by comparing with the results of temperature field test of single side bonded bamboo wood. The results show that the finite element results are in good agreement with the experimental results before the carbonization layer is formed, but after the formation of the carbonized layer, there are differences between the two, and the thermal properties of bonded bamboo wood need further systematic study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU531

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本文編號：2259841