【摘要】：全球變暖是當(dāng)下人們討論最熱烈的話題之一,同時也是環(huán)境問題影響最為嚴(yán)峻的,其帶來的后果不可想象,而目前最為首要的任務(wù)就是通過控制溫室氣體的排放量以延緩全球變暖的節(jié)奏。建筑產(chǎn)業(yè)的碳排放量占總碳排放量的近三分之一,從建筑產(chǎn)業(yè)入手,實(shí)現(xiàn)能源的高效利用,減少二氧化碳排放量,實(shí)現(xiàn)低碳建設(shè)以及追求運(yùn)營期的零排放。本文的主要目的是建立對建筑的碳排放評價模型,以期通過對建筑的低碳性評價結(jié)果,提高政府、開發(fā)商、消費(fèi)者等全社會的低碳意識。首先對低碳的國際背景環(huán)境進(jìn)行了簡要分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)無論是來自國際減排壓力還是本國的環(huán)境、資源壓力,建筑低碳化是亟待解決的問題,接著對單體建筑進(jìn)行全生命周期的碳排放量核算,并對各階段的碳放量進(jìn)行比較分析,得出運(yùn)營維護(hù)階段的碳排放量比重最大,其次是物化階段,而設(shè)計階段的碳排放量可以略去不計,但其對低碳建筑的影響性卻不可忽略。根據(jù)碳排放核算模型歸結(jié)出了影響碳排放量的因素,在此基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合國內(nèi)外評價模型的指標(biāo)設(shè)置,通過調(diào)查問卷的形式向同行專家學(xué)者就指標(biāo)的重要性征集意見,經(jīng)因子分析得出了低碳評價模型的指標(biāo)體系結(jié)構(gòu),再就每一指標(biāo)給出詳細(xì)的評價得分點(diǎn),綜合運(yùn)用層次分析法與灰色綜合評價方法構(gòu)建低碳評價模型,最后選取一個項(xiàng)目實(shí)例進(jìn)行評價分析以驗(yàn)證模型的可操作性。在文章的最后對低碳的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益進(jìn)行了簡要的分析,低碳建筑較普通建筑在建筑期要投入較大的成本進(jìn)行低碳建設(shè),但其顯著的投資回收需在運(yùn)營期才有體現(xiàn),這就導(dǎo)致了投資與收益的主體不同,阻礙了建筑的低碳化進(jìn)程,因此需從政府的角度進(jìn)行調(diào)配。
[Abstract]:Global warming is one of the hottest topics to be discussed, and the impact of environmental problems is the most severe, with unimaginable consequences. The top priority is to slow the pace of global warming by controlling greenhouse gas emissions. The construction industry accounts for nearly 1/3 of the total carbon emissions, starting from the construction industry, to achieve efficient use of energy, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, achieve low-carbon construction and pursue zero emissions in the operation period. The main purpose of this paper is to establish the evaluation model of carbon emission of buildings, in order to improve the low carbon consciousness of the whole society, such as government, developers, consumers and so on. First of all, a brief analysis of the low carbon international background environment is carried out, and it is found that no matter whether it comes from the international emission reduction pressure or the domestic environment, the resource pressure and the building low carbonization are the urgent problems to be solved. Then the whole life cycle of the individual building carbon emissions accounting, and each phase of carbon emissions comparative analysis, the operation and maintenance of the largest proportion of carbon emissions, followed by physical and chemical stage, The design stage of carbon emissions can be omitted, but its impact on low-carbon buildings can not be ignored. According to the carbon emission accounting model, the factors affecting the carbon emissions are summed up. On this basis, combined with the index setting of the domestic and foreign evaluation model, through the form of questionnaire to the peer experts and scholars to solicit opinions on the importance of the indicators. The index system structure of low carbon evaluation model is obtained by factor analysis, and then the detailed evaluation score points are given for each index, and the low carbon evaluation model is constructed by using analytic hierarchy process and grey comprehensive evaluation method. Finally, a project example is selected for evaluation and analysis to verify the maneuverability of the model. At the end of the article, the economic benefits of low-carbon buildings are analyzed briefly. Compared with ordinary buildings, low-carbon buildings need to invest more in low carbon construction, but their significant investment recovery needs to be reflected in the operation period. This leads to the difference between the main body of investment and income, hinders the process of low-carbon construction, and therefore needs to be deployed from the government's point of view.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU201.5

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本文編號：2221831