【摘要】：百貨商場是城市中重要的建筑類型。長久以來,百貨商場主要采用空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行采暖降溫,忽視了自然通風(fēng)的作用,從而使其成為了建筑的能耗大戶。然而,適宜的自然通風(fēng)不僅能降低能耗,也可以改善室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量,是百貨商場走向綠色發(fā)展的必由之路。重慶地區(qū)屬于夏熱冬冷氣候區(qū),為了保證室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的舒適性,該地區(qū)百貨商場主要采用空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行通風(fēng)降溫,而很少考慮在過渡季節(jié)利用自然通風(fēng)降低能耗、增加熱舒適的節(jié)能潛力,這就是本論文選題的由來。百貨商場由于進(jìn)深較大,只靠水平方向的風(fēng)壓通風(fēng)效果不佳,還需要利用豎向空間進(jìn)行熱壓通風(fēng),其中最為常見的就是中庭空間。因此,本文旨在研究針對重慶地區(qū)的百貨商場中庭空間各要素對自然通風(fēng)的影響,并試圖通過對比由CFD模擬的風(fēng)熱壓混合作用下的通風(fēng)效果,從而整合出與切合建筑設(shè)計的策略。本文共分為6個部分:第一章緒論,提出課題的研究背景、對象以及范圍,介紹了選題來源、研究意義、內(nèi)容以及框架。在第二章中,通過對重慶地區(qū)氣象資料的分析解讀,從百貨商場中人員熱舒適及節(jié)能的需求出發(fā),探索自然通風(fēng)對室內(nèi)熱舒適的改觀,論證百貨商場利用自然通風(fēng)的可行性。第三章由中庭的形態(tài)要素與界面要素入手,采用歸納以及實(shí)地調(diào)研、數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計等研究方法,從設(shè)計的角度分析其與通風(fēng)的關(guān)系;并探討了中庭型式、形狀、面積占比等與通風(fēng)相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),為下一步的模擬制定方案。在通過第二、三章充分的對問題進(jìn)行認(rèn)識的基礎(chǔ)上,第四章根據(jù)相關(guān)規(guī)范、調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)、資料統(tǒng)計等制定出具有普適性、代表性的模擬原型;并采用重慶地區(qū)氣象參數(shù),利用CFD軟件對建筑的內(nèi)外流場進(jìn)行計算,得出了中庭平面、剖面形態(tài),面積占比,頂界面開口高度等與建筑設(shè)計密切相關(guān)的設(shè)計策略。第五章是采用設(shè)計策略對實(shí)踐項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行優(yōu)化和驗(yàn)證。第六章則在總結(jié)全文的同時,對研究中的不足進(jìn)行思考和展望。在實(shí)際的設(shè)計中,由于建筑和地區(qū)微氣候的復(fù)雜性,導(dǎo)致模擬與現(xiàn)實(shí)有一定的差距;然而本文的寫作意義除了提出的通風(fēng)設(shè)計策略外,更重要的則體現(xiàn)在提供研究方法與思路的參考。
[Abstract]:The department store is an important building type in the city. For a long time, the department store mainly uses the air conditioning system for heating and cooling, ignoring the role of natural ventilation, which makes it become a large energy consumption house. However, proper natural ventilation can not only reduce energy consumption, but also improve indoor air quality. Chongqing is a hot summer and cold winter climate area. In order to ensure the comfort of indoor thermal environment, the department store in this area mainly uses air conditioning system to cool down, but seldom considers using natural ventilation to reduce energy consumption in the transitional season. Increasing the energy saving potential of thermal comfort is the origin of this thesis. The department store needs to use vertical space for hot press ventilation only by horizontal wind pressure because of its large depth. The most common one is atrium space. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the influence of various elements of atrium space on natural ventilation in department stores in Chongqing area, and try to compare the ventilation effect under the combined action of wind and hot pressure simulated by CFD. Thus integrate and fit the strategy of architectural design. This paper is divided into six parts: the first chapter introduces the background, object and scope of the research, and introduces the origin, significance, content and framework of the topic. In the second chapter, through the analysis and interpretation of meteorological data in Chongqing area, starting from the demand of thermal comfort and energy saving for personnel in department stores, this paper explores the change of natural ventilation to indoor thermal comfort, and proves the feasibility of using natural ventilation in department stores. The third chapter starts with the form elements and interface elements of atrium, and analyzes the relationship between atrium form and ventilation from the angle of design by means of induction, field investigation, data statistics and so on, and discusses the form and shape of atrium. Area ratio and other basic data related to ventilation, for the next simulation program. On the basis of full understanding of the problem through the second and third chapters, the fourth chapter formulates a universal and representative simulation prototype according to the relevant norms, investigation data, data statistics, etc., and adopts the meteorological parameters of Chongqing area. The internal and external flow field of the building is calculated by using CFD software, and the design strategies related to the architectural design are obtained, such as atrium plane, section shape, area ratio, top interface opening height and so on. The fifth chapter is to optimize and verify the practical project by using the design strategy. The sixth chapter summarizes the full text, at the same time, carries on the reflection and the prospect to the research insufficiency. In the actual design, due to the complexity of architecture and regional microclimate, there is a certain gap between simulation and reality. However, the significance of this paper is in addition to the proposed ventilation design strategy. What is more important is to provide the reference of research method and train of thought.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU834.1

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本文編號：2204789