【摘要】：建筑的服役期往往長達幾十年,甚至存在百年以上的大型復雜工程結構,比如超高層建筑、大型水利工程、超大空間結構等等。它們的安全為國民經(jīng)濟和社會環(huán)境提供著強有力的保障,然而外部因素和結構內(nèi)部因素常常導致結構的損傷累積及抗力衰減,因而極有可能在極端情況下引起災難性的突發(fā)事故,造成人員的傷亡、財物的損失。建筑結構的內(nèi)在損傷一般是不可見的,為了了解結構的健康狀況,保證結構的正常使用,必須要對結構進行損傷識別研究,確定結構損傷的位置、甚至損傷程度,才能為結構后期的安全使用提供科學依據(jù)。 本文以廣泛使用的簡支梁結構和層剪切型框架結構為研究對象,基于改進曲率法和數(shù)據(jù)融合方法研究結構的損傷狀況,提出了判別結構損傷更為準確的識別方法。主要研究內(nèi)容包括： (1)針對現(xiàn)有曲率法不能夠識別結構首尾單元損傷的缺陷,提出改進曲率法,并在數(shù)值模擬的簡支梁結構和剪切型框架結構的不同損傷工況下進行驗證,結構損傷識別結果表明,改進曲率法能夠較準確地識別出結構首尾單元的損傷； (2)研究了靜態(tài)位移差曲率、模態(tài)振型曲率差、模態(tài)柔度差曲率以及這三種結構損傷指標的數(shù)據(jù)融合對簡支梁和框架結構的損傷識別的敏感性,數(shù)值模擬結果表明損傷指標靜態(tài)位移差曲率、模態(tài)振型曲率差、模態(tài)柔度差曲率、數(shù)據(jù)融合能夠有效識別結構的損傷,具有一定的敏感性,且經(jīng)數(shù)據(jù)融合后敏感性更高； (3)在利用靜態(tài)位移差曲率、模態(tài)振型曲率差、模態(tài)柔度差曲率三種曲率對結構的損傷進行識別時,損傷單元相鄰兩個單元的曲率明顯突出,會引起結構損傷的誤判； (4)利用靜態(tài)位移差曲率對簡支梁和框架結構進行損傷識別研究時,在單損傷、雙損傷和多損傷工況下均能夠有效識別出結構的損傷位置； (5)將簡支梁和框架結構的靜態(tài)位移差曲率,模態(tài)振型曲率差和模態(tài)柔度差曲率三種損傷指標進行融合,然后對結構的損傷進行識別,經(jīng)數(shù)據(jù)融合后的損傷指標能夠突出損傷單元的曲率,降低非損傷單元的干擾； (6)研究了簡支梁結構和框架結構單損傷工況的損傷程度識別,結果表明改進曲率法和數(shù)據(jù)融合方法可識別結構損傷程度,且經(jīng)三次曲線擬合后能夠更精確的識別結構的損傷程度。
[Abstract]:The service period of buildings is often for several decades, even more than a hundred years of large-scale complex engineering structures, such as super high-rise buildings, large water conservancy projects, super-large space structure and so on. Their safety provides a strong guarantee for the national economy and the social environment. However, external and structural internal factors often lead to the accumulation of structural damage and the attenuation of resistance. Therefore, it is very possible to cause catastrophic accidents in extreme circumstances, resulting in casualties and property losses. The internal damage of the building structure is generally invisible. In order to understand the health of the structure and ensure the normal use of the structure, it is necessary to identify the damage of the structure, determine the location of the damage, and even the degree of damage. Only then can provide the scientific basis for the safe use of the structure in the later stage. In this paper, the widely used simply supported beam structure and story shear frame structure are taken as the research objects. Based on the improved curvature method and the data fusion method to study the damage of the structure, a more accurate method to identify the damage of the structure is proposed. The main research contents are as follows: (1) an improved curvature method is proposed to solve the defect that the existing curvature method can not identify the damage of the front and tail elements of the structure. The results of structural damage identification show that the improved curvature method can accurately identify the damage of the first and the tail elements of the structure under the different damage conditions of the simply supported beam structure and the shear frame structure. (2) the sensitivity of static displacement difference curvature, modal mode curvature difference, modal flexibility difference curvature and data fusion of these three structural damage indexes to the damage identification of simply supported beam and frame structure is studied. The numerical simulation results show that the static displacement difference curvature, modal mode curvature difference, modal flexibility difference curvature, data fusion can effectively identify the damage of the structure, and the data fusion has a certain sensitivity, and after data fusion, the sensitivity is higher. (3) the curvature of two adjacent elements of the damage element is obviously prominent when the curvature of static displacement difference curvature, modal mode curvature difference and modal flexibility difference curvature are used to identify the damage of the structure, which will lead to the misjudgment of structural damage. (4) when the static displacement difference curvature is used to identify the damage of simply supported beam and frame structure, the damage location of the structure can be effectively identified under the condition of single damage, double damage and multiple damage. (5) the static displacement difference curvature, modal mode curvature difference and modal flexibility difference curvature of simply supported beam and frame structure are fused, and then the damage of the structure is identified. The damage index after data fusion can highlight the curvature of the damage element and reduce the interference of the non-damage element. (6) the damage degree identification of simple beam structure and frame structure under single damage condition is studied. The results show that the improved curvature method and data fusion method can identify the damage degree of the structure, and the damage degree of the structure can be identified more accurately by cubic curve fitting.
【學位授予單位】：海南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU317

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