本文選題：砌體墻 + 手提箱包炸彈��； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：砌體墻由于其良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)性在工程中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。無論是作為砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的主要受力部件,還是作為框架結(jié)構(gòu)及框剪結(jié)構(gòu)的填充部件,目前在我國仍然普遍使用。然而隨著爆炸恐怖襲擊事件的日益頻發(fā),相對(duì)于鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)砌體墻表現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的脆性,高速爆炸沖擊荷載下砌體墻破壞產(chǎn)生的碎片以很高的速度拋射,會(huì)給建筑的使用者造成嚴(yán)重的傷害。因此自9.11恐怖襲擊事件以來,世界各國的政府和研究機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)砌體墻的抗爆問題進(jìn)行了廣泛而深入的研究。目前砌體墻在大中小城市主要作為鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的圍護(hù)構(gòu)件,因此研究其在爆炸沖擊荷載作用下的抗爆性能顯得尤為必要。近幾十年來,計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)及有限元技術(shù)得到很大的發(fā)展,使得利用有限元軟件進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)抗爆分析成為可能。基于以上背景,本文采用ANSYS/AUTODYN軟件對(duì)砌體填充墻進(jìn)行大量的有限元模擬,同時(shí)結(jié)合砌體墻的落錘沖擊試驗(yàn)來探究砌體墻抗爆的規(guī)律。本文以12墻、24墻及加固24墻為主要研究對(duì)象,并著重分析其動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)規(guī)律,破壞過程演變及碎塊拋射規(guī)律。本文完成的主要研究內(nèi)容有:(1)采用有限元分析軟件ANSYS/AUTODYN對(duì)近地面爆炸荷載作用下(不同比例距離作用下)砌體填充墻不同部位超壓荷載分布情況進(jìn)行研究分析,得出砌體墻在近距離地表爆炸作用下沖擊荷載分布規(guī)律:數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果表明當(dāng)距離較近時(shí),爆炸沖擊荷載在砌體墻表面分布極為不均勻,隨著隔離距離的增大爆炸沖擊荷載分布越來越均勻,此外發(fā)現(xiàn)增大爆距可以顯著減小爆炸超壓荷載。(2)對(duì)12墻,24墻,加固24墻進(jìn)行近距離手提箱包炸彈作用下的抗爆數(shù)值模擬,以觀察各砌體填充墻在爆炸沖擊荷載作用下的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)和破壞規(guī)律。通過數(shù)值模擬可以發(fā)現(xiàn)在近距離手提箱包炸彈的爆炸荷載作用下,各砌體墻都會(huì)倒塌破壞,其破壞規(guī)律是一致的,但是破壞程度有差異。24墻及加固24墻相對(duì)12墻碎片拋射速度有較明顯的降低。加固24墻由于聚氨酯加固膜的兜裹作用,最終會(huì)明顯減小碎塊的出墻面位移和速度,此外砌體墻各測點(diǎn)拋射速度與比例距離的關(guān)系曲線與超壓峰值與比例距離關(guān)系比較相似。(3)對(duì)比砌體墻的落錘沖擊試驗(yàn)和對(duì)試驗(yàn)的數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)砌體墻的破壞過程演變吻合性較好。但是落錘沖擊試驗(yàn)的加載速率要明顯比爆炸沖擊加載速率慢一些。
[Abstract]:Masonry wall has been widely used in engineering because of its good economy. Whether as the main force component of masonry structure or as the filling part of frame structure and frame shear structure, it is still widely used in our country. However, with the increasing frequency of explosion terrorist attacks, compared with reinforced concrete structure masonry walls exhibit strong brittleness, the fragmentation of masonry walls under high velocity explosion impact load is ejected at a very high speed. Can cause serious damage to the users of the building. Therefore, since the September 11 terrorist attacks, governments and research institutions all over the world have carried out extensive and in-depth research on the anti-explosion problem of masonry walls. At present, masonry walls are mainly used as enclosing members of reinforced concrete structures in large, medium and small cities, so it is necessary to study the anti-explosion performance of masonry walls under blast impact loads. In recent decades, computer technology and finite element technology have been greatly developed, making it possible to use finite element software for structural anti-explosion analysis. Based on the above background, this paper uses ANSYS / AUTODYN software to carry on a large number of finite element simulation to the masonry infilled wall, at the same time combining with the drop hammer impact test of the masonry wall to explore the law of the masonry wall anti-explosion. In this paper, the dynamic response law, the evolution of the failure process and the law of fragmentation ejection are analyzed with emphasis on the dynamic response of 12 walls with 24 walls and 24 strengthened walls as well as the strengthening of 24 walls. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the distribution of overpressure loads in different parts of masonry infilled walls under blast loads near the ground (under different proportions of distance) is studied and analyzed by finite element analysis software ANSYS- AUTODYN. The distribution of impact load on the surface of masonry wall under the action of near surface explosion is obtained. The numerical simulation results show that the distribution of blast impact load on the surface of masonry wall is very uneven when the distance is close. With the increase of isolation distance, the distribution of blast impact load is more and more uniform. In addition, it is found that increasing the explosion distance can significantly reduce the explosive overpressure load. (2) numerical simulation of anti-explosion under the action of close-range suitcase bomb is carried out for 24 walls of 12 walls and 24 walls strengthened. In order to observe the dynamic response and failure law of each masonry filled wall under blast impact load. It can be found by numerical simulation that each masonry wall will collapse and destroy under the explosive load of a close distance suitcase bomb, and the failure law is consistent. However, there is a difference in the degree of failure between the 24 wall and the strengthened 24 wall. The velocity of shrapnel ejection from the 12 walls is obviously decreased. In the end, the displacement and velocity of the wall surface of the fragments will be significantly reduced because of the wrapping effect of the polyurethane reinforced film on the reinforced 24 walls. In addition, the relation curve between the ejection velocity and the proportional distance at each measuring point of the masonry wall is similar to the relationship between the peak value of overpressure and the proportional distance. (3) the results of drop hammer impact test and numerical simulation of the test are compared. It is found that the failure process of masonry walls is in good agreement with each other. But the loading rate of drop hammer impact test is obviously slower than that of explosion impact test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU364;TU352.13

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