本文選題：建筑裝飾 + 度量關(guān)系　； 參考：《江南大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：徐州是一座有2500多年歷史的文化名城,擁有深厚的漢文化底蘊(yùn)。由于地處南北交界,加上社會(huì)文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)及戰(zhàn)爭因素,其地面遺存的少量的傳統(tǒng)民居及建筑裝飾具有多元融合的形式特征,并蘊(yùn)含了豐富的文化信息。本文基于對徐州市25座傳統(tǒng)院落,240余棟單體建筑的實(shí)地測繪與拍攝,結(jié)合歷史文獻(xiàn)與訪談資料的基礎(chǔ)之上,運(yùn)用幾何學(xué)、建筑學(xué)、形態(tài)學(xué)與文化學(xué)等相關(guān)理論,采用分類與定量研究法,對建筑裝飾與空間的度量關(guān)系進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)研究,論證它們之間存在一種相互制約、相互促進(jìn)的耦合關(guān)系。首先,本文基于傳統(tǒng)建筑裝飾的特性,對徐州傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾產(chǎn)生的背景進(jìn)行了簡要梳理,對其形式進(jìn)行了論證,提出了其裝飾紋樣的特點(diǎn)——以圖像為主,其它紋樣為輔,具有飽滿式構(gòu)圖,圖案化手法及古樸渾厚工藝的特點(diǎn)。而且,通過與周邊傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的橫向?qū)Ρ妊芯?提出了徐州傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的造型源泉——源于傳統(tǒng)文化元素,源于南北風(fēng)格融合及源于徽晉傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾風(fēng)格。接著,本文重點(diǎn)從宏觀、中觀與微觀三個(gè)層面進(jìn)行論證:從宏觀上,論證建筑外部空間——院落空間與建筑裝飾之間存在耦合關(guān)系。通過對三類院落的入口、前院及內(nèi)院分布的建筑裝飾的種類與數(shù)量分析,提出了不同院落的建筑裝飾的布局規(guī)律——官邸式院落具有豐富而莊嚴(yán)的入口、屋頂與立面形式豐富的前院、裝飾少但等級明顯的內(nèi)院空間;居住式院落具有簡潔而嚴(yán)肅的入口、立面形式豐富的前院、裝飾少且缺乏差異的內(nèi)院空間;商居式院落具有注重精神尺度的入口、立面形式簡潔與豐富并存的前院、缺乏裝飾的內(nèi)院空間。從而體現(xiàn)了院落的場所特性對建筑裝飾的布局具有限定作用;而且,通過對獨(dú)立性裝飾構(gòu)件的體量分析,論證了其與所處環(huán)境形成了正比關(guān)系。從而論證了院落空間對建筑裝飾存在耦合關(guān)系。在中觀上,論證內(nèi)部空間與建筑裝飾之間存在耦合關(guān)系。徐州傳統(tǒng)民居的堂屋與多數(shù)客廳采用金字梁結(jié)構(gòu),其內(nèi)部空間狹小,建筑裝飾布局與家具擺設(shè)與徽州及江南傳統(tǒng)民居的廳堂的相似度高。堂屋突出“敬祖奉天”的功能,而客廳強(qiáng)調(diào)“接人待物”的功能。而且,通過細(xì)致的數(shù)據(jù)分析,以論證內(nèi)部空間與建筑裝飾及家具之間存在限定關(guān)系。由于金字梁結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)特,有異于其它地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)民居的梁架結(jié)構(gòu)。通過數(shù)據(jù)分析,文中論證了梁架與建筑的平立面之間存在一定的耦合關(guān)系。從微觀上,論證建筑立面與建筑裝飾存在耦合關(guān)系。通過分類研究,各建筑立面上的建筑裝飾為對稱式布局,并形成了以“點(diǎn)”為主和以“面”為主的立面效果。其中,官邸式建筑立面的建筑裝飾形成以“點(diǎn)”為主的效果,一般性建筑立面的建筑裝飾形成以“面”為主的效果。而且,立面上的眾多建筑裝飾并非隨意布置,而是以黃金分割矩形、矩形以及等腰三角形為構(gòu)圖法則,并統(tǒng)一于整體立面之中。通過數(shù)據(jù)定量分析,論證了位于立面上的建筑裝飾的尺寸受建造與立面構(gòu)圖所限定,并在官方相關(guān)規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)有小幅調(diào)整。整體上,論文系統(tǒng)地分析了徐州傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾的形式特征,以及與空間的度量關(guān)系,從而論證了徐州傳統(tǒng)民居建筑裝飾與建筑空間之間存在耦合關(guān)系。本研究有助于形成系統(tǒng)的徐州傳統(tǒng)建筑裝飾的理論知識,更有助于豐富徐州傳統(tǒng)文化的“基因庫”。
[Abstract]:Xuzhou is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2500 years. It has a profound cultural background. Due to the north south junction, social culture, economic and war factors, a small amount of traditional residential and architectural decoration on the ground has multiple forms of integration and contains rich cultural information. This article is based on the 25 seats in the city of Xuzhou. On the basis of historical literature and interview data, the traditional courtyards and more than 240 single buildings have applied geometry, architecture, morphology and culture to study the relationship between architectural decoration and space, and demonstrate that there is a kind of mutual system between them. First, based on the characteristics of traditional architectural decoration, this paper briefly combs the background of the traditional residential building decoration in Xuzhou, demonstrates its form, and puts forward the characteristics of its decorative pattern, which is based on images and other patterns, with full composition, patterning and simplicity. In addition, through the comparative study of the traditional folk house decoration in the surrounding area, this paper puts forward the fountainhead of the architectural decoration of the traditional folk house in Xuzhou, which originates from the traditional cultural elements, deriving from the combination of the north and the South styles and the traditional folk house decoration style originated from the Huizhou Jin Dynasty. Then, the focus of this paper is from the macro, meso and microcosmic three. From the macroscopic point of view, it demonstrates the coupling relationship between the exterior space of the building - the courtyard space and the architectural decoration. Through the analysis of the types and quantity of the architectural decoration of the three types of courtyards, the front yard and the inner courtyard, the layout law of the architectural decoration of the different courtyards is put forward - the courtyard style courtyard is rich and solemn The entrance, the rich front yard of the roof and the facade, the less decorated but distinct inner courtyard space; the residential courtyard has a concise and serious entrance, a rich front yard with a rich facade, less decoration and a lack of discrepant inner courtyard space; the commercial courtyard has an entrance to the mental scale, a concise and rich front yard with a rich facade form. The interior space of the decoration reflects the limited function of the courtyard's place characteristics to the layout of the architectural decoration; moreover, through the analysis of the body quantity of the independent decorative components, it demonstrates that it has formed a proportional relationship with the environment. Thus, the paper demonstrates the coupling relationship between the courtyard space and the architectural decoration. There is a coupling relationship between architecture and decoration. The house and most living rooms of the traditional residence of Xuzhou are structure of the golden beam. The interior space is small. The layout of the building and the furniture decoration are similar to the hall of the traditional dwellings in Huizhou and the south of the Yangtze River. The house highlights the function of "the ancestor and the heaven", while the living room emphasizes the function of "taking over the things to be the object". In addition, through detailed data analysis, it is demonstrated that there is a limited relationship between the interior space and the architectural decoration and furniture. Because of the unique structure of the golden word beam, there is a beam frame structure different from the traditional folk house in other areas. Through data analysis, the paper demonstrates that there is a certain coupling relationship between the beam frame and the flat facade of the building. There is a coupling relationship between the facade and the architectural decoration. Through the classification study, the architectural decoration on the building facades is symmetrical and formed a facade effect based on "point" and "surface". Among them, the architectural decoration of the official residence type building facade forms the effect of "point", and the building decoration of the general building facade is formed. In addition to the effect of "face", many architectural ornaments on the facade are not arranged at random, but with the principle of the golden rectangle, the rectangle and the isosceles triangle as the composition rule, and unified in the whole elevation. On the whole, the paper systematically analyzes the formal features of the architectural decoration of the traditional residential buildings in Xuzhou and the measurement relationship with the space, thus demonstrating the coupling relationship between the architectural decoration and the building space of the traditional folk houses in Xuzhou. This research helps to form a system of the traditional architectural decoration of Xuzhou. Theoretical knowledge is conducive to enriching the "gene pool" of Xuzhou's traditional culture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU241.5
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本文編號：2052357