本文選題：歷史城鎮(zhèn) + 景觀變遷��； 參考：《南京師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：探尋歷史城鎮(zhèn)景觀的變遷軌跡,是目前城鎮(zhèn)景觀研究中的一個重要課題,同時對當下快速城鎮(zhèn)化階段城鎮(zhèn)實現可持續(xù)發(fā)展也具有重大意義。而對于城鎮(zhèn)景觀的研究多以景觀生態(tài)學等自然學科的角度進行景觀格局分析,研究較為單一,更需要從文化地理學、文化生態(tài)學、歷史地理學等學科進行綜合研究,從而進一步思考人與自然的關系。改革開放以來,我國社會經濟快速發(fā)展,城鎮(zhèn)化水平不斷提高,在整體城鎮(zhèn)景觀演變的過程中,隨著人類活動對景觀格局的干擾程度不斷加深,直接影響了景觀格局變化的趨勢,同時也帶來了一些環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)破壞等問題,進而威脅到城鎮(zhèn)長期的良性發(fā)展。本文在對相關研究進行總結的基礎上,選擇了江蘇省蘇北地區(qū)作為研究范圍。蘇北地區(qū)目前正處于城鎮(zhèn)快速發(fā)展的時期并擁有巨大的發(fā)展?jié)摿?景觀格局的可塑性較強。但同時在快速城鎮(zhèn)化過程中易于出現盲目發(fā)展或規(guī)劃不當等問題。本文通過分析研究蘇北地區(qū)歷史城鎮(zhèn)的時空變遷,總結歸納城鎮(zhèn)時空變遷的階段、特征及空間分布格局、景觀變遷基本模式和主要影響因素；同時對改革開放以來,現代蘇北地區(qū)城鎮(zhèn)景觀用地格局進行研究,分為整個蘇北地域、縣域、鎮(zhèn)域三個層次,選取不同研究區(qū)域,構建景觀生態(tài)類型,運用景觀格局指數分析方法和景觀格局預測方法進行分析及預測；最后對蘇北地區(qū)歷史城鎮(zhèn)景觀保護中出現的問題進行總結,并提出一定的解決對策和措施,具體內容及研究結論包括：1.蘇北地區(qū)歷史城鎮(zhèn)時空變遷共分為四個時期,分別為：散點分布期、線狀擴展區(qū)、面狀擴展區(qū)、“兩縱一橫”鞏固期。歷史城鎮(zhèn)的空間分布格局可以總結為：“一橫、兩縱、三圈”,即沿淮河歷史城鎮(zhèn)帶；京杭大運河沿線、東部沿海地區(qū)兩大歷史城鎮(zhèn)帶；歷史城鎮(zhèn)的分布的自然地理空間主要包括蘇北地區(qū)東部沿海的濱海灘涂區(qū)、中西部大范圍的黃淮平原區(qū)、東北部連云港的丘陵崗地區(qū)。2.蘇北地區(qū)歷史城鎮(zhèn)景觀的變遷模式主要包括三個方面,即“點-線-面”模式、“集聚-擴散”模式、“地理區(qū)位-行政劃分”模式；影響歷史城鎮(zhèn)景觀變遷的主要因素包括自然地理因素、政治因素、經濟因素、文化因素。城鎮(zhèn)景觀面臨的問題主要包括城鎮(zhèn)化和景觀保護兩個方面,并結合景觀的保護,提出一定的措施與建議。3.運用GIS技術對江蘇省土地利用分類數據進行處理,獲取研究區(qū)的土地利用景觀類型矢量數據,再選取適當的景觀格局指標,在斑塊類型和整體景觀兩個級別上分別對1980、1995、2008三個時間段內景觀格局進行分析,發(fā)現蘇北地區(qū)整體景觀格局的動態(tài)變化十分顯著。體現在耕地面積減少較為明顯；城鎮(zhèn)用地、農村居民點、其他建設用地面積增長較為明顯。同時整體景觀結構趨于復雜化,景觀破碎化程度提高。4.通過運用馬爾科夫鏈模型及其檢驗,對2008-2025年內蘇北城鎮(zhèn)景觀用地格局的動態(tài)變化進行了預測,并可以得出在這一時間段內整體景觀結構將處于較為穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài),自然景觀類的要素面積會出現緩慢的減少并主要流向城鎮(zhèn)用地和建設用地。同時,城鎮(zhèn)用地及建設用地的規(guī)模將繼續(xù)擴大。
[Abstract]:Exploring the change track of historical town landscape is an important topic in the study of urban landscape at present. At the same time, it is of great significance to the sustainable development of cities and towns in the rapid urbanization stage. It is necessary to make a comprehensive study of cultural geography, cultural ecology, historical geography and other disciplines to further think about the relationship between human and nature. Since the reform and opening up, China's social economy has developed rapidly and the level of urbanization has been improved continuously. In the process of the overall landscape evolution of the whole town, the disturbance degree of human activities to the landscape pattern is continuous. Deepened, it directly affects the trend of landscape pattern change, and also brings some environmental pollution and ecological destruction, and then threatens the long-term benign development of the town. Based on the summary of the related research, this paper chooses the northern Jiangsu Province as the research scope in Jiangsu province. The northern Jiangsu area is now in the rapid development of cities and towns. At the same time, the landscape pattern has a strong plasticity, but at the same time, it is easy to develop in the process of rapid urbanization. In this paper, the temporal and spatial changes of historical cities and towns in the north of Jiangsu Province are analyzed and studied, and the characteristics and spatial distribution patterns are summarized and the landscape changes are summarized. Since the reform and opening up, the landscape pattern of urban landscape in modern Northern Jiangsu Province has been studied. It is divided into three levels, including the whole region, the county and the town, to select the different research areas, to construct the landscape ecological types, and to analyze the landscape pattern index method and the landscape pattern prediction method. Finally, this paper summarizes the problems in the landscape protection of historical towns in Northern Jiangsu Province, and puts forward some solutions and measures. The specific content and research conclusions include: 1. the historical cities and towns in Northern Jiangsu are divided into four periods, namely, the scattered point distribution period, the linear expansion area, the surface expansion area, and the "two vertical and one horizontal". "Consolidation period. The spatial distribution pattern of historical towns can be summarized as" one horizontal, two longitudinal and three circles ", that is, the historic town belt along Huaihe, the Grande Canale along Beijing Hangzhou and two historic towns along the eastern coastal area; the natural geographical space of the distribution of historical towns mainly includes the coastal beach area of the eastern coast of the northern Jiangsu Province, and the big fan in the Midwest. The vicissitude model of the historic town landscape in the hilly area of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, in the northeast of Lianyungang, mainly includes the "point - line - Surface" model, the "agglomeration - diffusion" model, the "geographical location - the administrative division" mode, and the main factors that influence the historical town landscape change, including the natural geography factors. Treatment factors, economic factors and cultural factors. The problems faced by urban landscape mainly include two aspects of urbanization and landscape protection, and combined with the protection of landscape, some measures and suggestions.3. are put forward to deal with the land use classification data of Jiangsu province using GIS technology to obtain the vector data of the land use landscape type in the research area, and then select the vector data of the land use landscape type. The appropriate landscape pattern index, in the patch type and the overall landscape two levels, respectively analysis of the landscape pattern in the 198019952008 three periods, found that the dynamic changes of the overall landscape pattern in the north of Jiangsu Province is very significant. It is more obvious in the area of cultivated land reduction; urban land, rural residential area, other construction land area. At the same time, the overall landscape structure tends to be complex, and the extent of landscape fragmentation is improved by using the Markov chain model and its test, the dynamic changes in the landscape pattern of urban landscape in Northern Jiangsu are predicted in 2008-2025 years, and the overall landscape structure will be in a more stable state in this period of time, and it can be found that the structure of the overall landscape will be in a more stable state in this period of time,.4.. The area of natural landscape elements will be reduced slowly and mainly to urban land and construction land. At the same time, the scale of urban land and construction land will continue to expand.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU984.114

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