本文關(guān)鍵詞： 液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置 土壤挖掘 作業(yè)過程 疲勞分析　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：液壓挖掘機(jī)是各類工程機(jī)械中應(yīng)用最為廣泛的一種,在各類基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中承擔(dān)重要角色。工作裝置是液壓挖掘機(jī)完成各項任務(wù)的執(zhí)行裝置,也是各種復(fù)雜載荷的直接承受者。由于設(shè)計制造不合理,加之液壓挖掘機(jī)的作業(yè)條件惡劣,受載情況復(fù)雜,所以工作裝置在實際應(yīng)用中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)疲勞損壞問題,給企業(yè)帶來嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。故而對液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置展開疲勞研究,提高其工作壽命具有重要意義。當(dāng)前在液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置疲勞壽命方面的研究較少,存在挖掘機(jī)載荷譜難以實測獲取的問題,從而難以對工作裝置進(jìn)行疲勞分析。為此,本課題提出一種新的解決方法,并結(jié)合某挖掘機(jī)企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品實例進(jìn)行了以下研究工作：首先利用任意拉格朗日歐拉方法在顯式動力學(xué)軟件LS-DYNA中對鏟斗挖掘土壤過程進(jìn)行仿真,獲得挖掘阻力載荷譜；接著以挖掘阻力載荷譜作為載荷驅(qū)動,在動力學(xué)仿真軟件ADAMS中進(jìn)行液壓挖掘機(jī)的整機(jī)作業(yè)循環(huán)過程仿真,獲取工作裝置上各鉸點(diǎn)載荷譜,并通過進(jìn)行真實的作業(yè)過程試驗來獲取油缸壓力以驗證載荷譜的正確性；然后提出一種基于鉸點(diǎn)受力最大確定危險工況的策略,以該策略確定的危險工況對傳統(tǒng)工況進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充并在有限元分析軟件ANSYS中對工作裝置進(jìn)行了靜強(qiáng)度分析；最后以靜強(qiáng)度分析和鉸點(diǎn)載荷譜作為輸入在疲勞分析軟件ANSYS FE-SAFE中完成了對工作裝置的疲勞壽命計算。本課題提出的挖掘機(jī)工作裝置疲勞壽命計算流程有效彌補(bǔ)了傳統(tǒng)方法的不足,并且對于其他工程機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的疲勞分析同樣具有參考價值。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic excavator is the most widely used in all kinds of construction machinery, and plays an important role in the construction of various infrastructure. It is also the direct bearing of various complex loads. Because of unreasonable design and manufacture, combined with poor working conditions and complex loading conditions of hydraulic excavators, fatigue damage often occurs in practical applications. It brings serious economic losses to enterprises. So it is of great significance to carry out fatigue research on hydraulic excavator working device and improve its working life. At present, there are few researches on fatigue life of hydraulic excavator working device. There is the problem that the load spectrum of excavator is difficult to be measured, so it is difficult to analyze the fatigue of the working device. Therefore, a new method is put forward to solve the problem. The following research work is carried out with the product example of a excavator enterprise: firstly, the soil excavation process of bucket excavation is simulated by using arbitrary Lagrangian Euler method in explicit dynamic software LS-DYNA. The resistance load spectrum is obtained. Then the load spectrum of excavated resistance is used as the load drive, and the load spectrum of each hinge point on the working device is obtained by simulating the whole operation cycle process of the hydraulic excavator in the dynamic simulation software ADAMS. In order to verify the correctness of the load spectrum, the cylinder pressure is obtained by the real operation process test. Then a strategy is proposed to determine the dangerous working conditions based on the maximum force at the hinge point. The dangerous conditions determined by this strategy are used to supplement the traditional working conditions and the static strength analysis of the working device is carried out in the finite element analysis software ANSYS. Finally, the static strength analysis and hinge load spectrum are used as input to the fatigue analysis software ANSYS. In FE-SAFE, the fatigue life calculation of the working device has been completed. The flow chart of the excavator working device fatigue life calculation has effectively made up for the shortcomings of the traditional method. It also has reference value for fatigue analysis of other construction machinery products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU621

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