本文關(guān)鍵詞：下凹式綠地對降雨徑流及其污染物削減作用研究　出處：《蘇州科技學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 下凹式綠地 降雨徑流 降雨徑流污染物 桃花塢 SWMM

【摘要】：隨著城市化進程的加快以及人們生活水平的提高,城市規(guī)模不斷擴大,人口密度不斷增加,大量透水地表被不透水地表取代導(dǎo)致地表雨水徑流量增大,洪峰流量增大,徑流峰值提前,徑流系數(shù)增大;同時人口密度的不斷增大導(dǎo)致污染物大量積累,這些污染物經(jīng)過雨水沖刷通過城市雨水管網(wǎng)排入水體造成嚴重的非點源污染,使受納水體的水質(zhì)嚴重變差。城市綠地作為城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,不僅有助于削減降雨徑流,而且對降雨徑流污染物的去除有很好的效果。本論文針對蘇州地區(qū)實際情況,通過實驗研究,確定下凹式綠地作為降雨徑流及其污染物削減的綜合控制利用措施。本文首先對蘇州的歷史降雨事件及徑流水質(zhì)等特征規(guī)律進行了調(diào)查,并依據(jù)課題組對蘇州地區(qū)降雨徑流水質(zhì)的分析,為配置實驗用水提供理論依據(jù);其次對蘇州地區(qū)綠地滲濾層土壤進行改良,通過對城市綠地系統(tǒng)和降雨系統(tǒng)進行模擬,研究了城市綠地系統(tǒng)對降雨徑流和徑流污染物的去除效果;最后利用SWMM模型對研究區(qū)域采用下凹式綠地前后徑流和徑流污染物削減效果進行對比分析,為蘇州市綠地規(guī)劃和建設(shè)提供理論依據(jù)。本文試驗結(jié)論如下:1.三種類型綠地系統(tǒng)對降雨徑流有較好的削減效果,原土回填下凹式綠地、經(jīng)陶粒改良的下凹式綠地、經(jīng)沸石改良的下凹式綠地在不同降雨重現(xiàn)期條件下對降雨徑流的削減效果一致;三種類型下凹式綠地系統(tǒng)均能對小降雨強度的降雨事件發(fā)揮較好的效果。降雨重現(xiàn)期為2年一遇,隨著降雨時間的增加,三種類型下凹式綠地系統(tǒng)對雨水徑流削減率逐漸提高。2.三種類型下凹式綠地系統(tǒng)對COD、SS、TN、TP等污染物的平均去除率都有隨降雨重現(xiàn)期的增加而逐漸下降的趨勢;三種類型下凹式綠地系統(tǒng)在降雨過程中對COD、SS、TN、TP等污染物的去除率都有隨降雨時間逐漸下降的趨勢;降雨徑流污染物濃度分別為低、中、高時,三種類型下凹式綠地系統(tǒng)對各污染物去除率有隨著降雨徑流污染物濃度上升而呈現(xiàn)逐漸增加的趨勢;經(jīng)陶粒改良的下凹式綠地系統(tǒng)對TP具有很好的去除效果,經(jīng)沸石改良的下凹式綠地系統(tǒng)對TN具有很好的去除效果。3.利用SWMM模型對研究區(qū)域進行模擬分析,將平式綠地改為下凹式綠地后可以有效降低地表徑流總量、削減峰值流量、縮短徑流持續(xù)時間及延遲徑流峰值時刻。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards, the urban scale is expanding and the population density is increasing. A large number of permeable surface is replaced by impervious surface, which results in the increase of surface Rain Water runoff. Hong Feng discharge increased, runoff peak advance, runoff coefficient increased; At the same time, the increasing population density leads to a large amount of pollutants accumulation, these pollutants through Rain Water washed through the urban rainwater pipe network into the water, resulting in serious non-point source pollution. As an important part of urban ecosystem, urban green space is not only helpful to reduce rainfall runoff. And the removal of runoff pollutants has a good effect. This paper is based on the actual situation in Suzhou, through experimental research. To determine the concave green space as a comprehensive control and utilization measures for rainfall runoff and its pollutant reduction. Firstly, the characteristics of historical rainfall events and runoff water quality in Suzhou were investigated in this paper. According to the analysis of rainfall runoff water quality in Suzhou area, the theoretical basis is provided for the allocation of experimental water. Secondly, the soil of leachate layer in Suzhou area was improved, and the removal effect of rainfall runoff and pollutants from urban green space system was studied by simulating urban green space system and rainfall system. Finally, SWMM model was used to compare the effect of runoff and runoff pollutant reduction before and after using concave green space in the study area. The experimental results are as follows: 1. The three types of green space system have good effect on rainfall runoff reduction, and the original soil backfill concave green space. The concave green space improved by ceramsite and the concave green land modified by zeolite have the same effect on the reduction of rainfall runoff under different rainfall recurrence periods. Three types of concave green space system can play a better effect on rainfall events with small rainfall intensity. Rainfall recurrence period is once in 2 years, with the increase of rainfall time. The reduction rate of Rain Water runoff was gradually increased by three types of concave green space system. The average removal rate of TP and other pollutants decreased with the increase of rainfall recurrence period. The removal rate of pollutants such as COD SSN TNN TP in three types of concave green space system decreased gradually with rainfall time. When the concentration of pollutants in rainfall runoff is low, middle and high, the removal rate of each pollutant in three types of concave green space system has the tendency of increasing gradually with the increase of the concentration of pollutants in rainfall runoff. The concave green space system improved by ceramsite has a good removal effect on TP. Zeolite modified concave green space system has a good removal effect of TN. 3. The SWMM model is used to simulate the study area. Changing flat green space into concave green space can effectively reduce the total surface runoff, reduce the peak flow, shorten the duration of runoff and delay the peak time of runoff.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52;TU985.12

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