碳關稅對國際貿(mào)易的影響及我國的對策研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-12 11:56
【摘要】：隨著人類經(jīng)濟社會的不斷發(fā)展和進步,環(huán)境保護越來越嚴重地表現(xiàn)出與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展之間的矛盾,大量排放溫室氣體會引起溫室效應,導致全球變暖、地球上存在的病蟲害增加、海平面上升以及氣候異常等其他一系列各種問題。人們漸漸開始認識到溫室效應給我們帶來的危害,越來越多的國際組織、國家(地區(qū))開始采取各種措施,以減少溫室氣體給我們帶來的傷害。 我國的對外貿(mào)易大多是依賴傳統(tǒng)的高耗能、高碳排放的產(chǎn)業(yè),從而缺乏與歐美等發(fā)達國家競爭的實力。一旦又被征收了碳關稅,我國的對外貿(mào)易將遭受到非常大的影響。面對低碳經(jīng)濟背景下征收碳關稅這一全新挑戰(zhàn),我國也應盡早對碳關稅對國際貿(mào)易的影響及我國的對策問題進行研究。 本文主要從三個創(chuàng)新方面來研究碳關稅對國際貿(mào)易的影響及我國的對策問題：第一,本文擬借用古諾模型完善碳關稅的概況；第二,本文采用辯證的觀點看待碳關稅,既看到了碳關稅對我國對外貿(mào)易的不利影響,也強調(diào)了其有利影響；第三,本文從碳關稅對國際貿(mào)易的影響入手,選題方面比較創(chuàng)新。 圍繞上述三個創(chuàng)新方面,本文首先介紹了論文的研究背景及意義,系統(tǒng)梳理國內(nèi)外文獻及研究現(xiàn)狀,接著從碳關稅概況和我國碳排放及對外貿(mào)易的現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),借用古諾模型具體分析碳關稅,完善碳關稅的概況,即假定兩個出口國和一個進口國,兩個出口國的出口廠商在生產(chǎn)過程中,既會產(chǎn)生區(qū)域性排放,又會產(chǎn)生跨界排放,又結(jié)合一個兩階段的博弈模型,分析征收碳關稅以后貿(mào)易環(huán)境的變化,據(jù)此求解出進口國在社會福利最大化條件下的最優(yōu)差別碳關稅稅率以及兩出口國的出口廠商在進口國市場追求利潤最大化條件下的市場均衡產(chǎn)量。并以此為基礎,分析碳關稅對我國對外貿(mào)易的影響,從國際視角和國內(nèi)視角兩方面提出我國應對碳關稅的對策與建議,以期對有關部門的決策提供有益的思路。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and progress of human economy and society, the contradiction between environmental protection and economic development is becoming more and more serious. A large amount of greenhouse gas emissions will cause Greenhouse Effect, cause global warming, and increase the number of diseases and pests on the earth. Sea level rise and climate anomalies and a range of other problems. People are beginning to realize the harm that Greenhouse Effect brings to us, and more international organizations, countries and regions are taking various measures to reduce the harm caused by greenhouse gases. China's foreign trade mostly depends on traditional industries with high energy consumption and high carbon emissions, so it lacks the strength to compete with developed countries such as Europe and America. Once the carbon tariff has been levied, China's foreign trade will be greatly affected. In the face of the new challenge of levying carbon tariff under the background of low carbon economy, our country should also study the influence of carbon tariff on international trade and the countermeasures of our country as soon as possible. This paper mainly studies the impact of carbon tariff on international trade from three aspects of innovation and the countermeasures of our country: first, this paper uses Cournot model to perfect the general situation of carbon tariff; second, this paper takes a dialectical view of carbon tariff. It not only sees the adverse effect of carbon tariff on China's foreign trade, but also emphasizes its beneficial effect. Thirdly, this paper starts with the impact of carbon tariff on international trade, and the topic is more innovative. Focusing on the above three innovative aspects, this paper first introduces the research background and significance of the paper, systematically combing the domestic and foreign literature and research status, then starting from the general situation of carbon tariff and the current situation of China's carbon emissions and foreign trade. By using the Cournot model to analyze carbon tariffs and improve the general situation of carbon tariffs, it is assumed that two exporting countries and one importing country, the exporters of two exporting countries, will produce both regional and transboundary emissions in the production process. Combined with a two-stage game model, this paper analyzes the changes in the trading environment after carbon tariffs are levied. The optimal differential carbon tariff rate for importing countries under the condition of maximization of social welfare and the market equilibrium output under the condition of maximizing profits in the market of the two exporting countries are obtained. On this basis, this paper analyzes the impact of carbon tariffs on China's foreign trade, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for China to deal with carbon tariffs from both the international and domestic perspectives, in order to provide useful ideas for the relevant departments to make decisions.
【學位授予單位】：云南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F752.5;F752.6
本文編號：2238926
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and progress of human economy and society, the contradiction between environmental protection and economic development is becoming more and more serious. A large amount of greenhouse gas emissions will cause Greenhouse Effect, cause global warming, and increase the number of diseases and pests on the earth. Sea level rise and climate anomalies and a range of other problems. People are beginning to realize the harm that Greenhouse Effect brings to us, and more international organizations, countries and regions are taking various measures to reduce the harm caused by greenhouse gases. China's foreign trade mostly depends on traditional industries with high energy consumption and high carbon emissions, so it lacks the strength to compete with developed countries such as Europe and America. Once the carbon tariff has been levied, China's foreign trade will be greatly affected. In the face of the new challenge of levying carbon tariff under the background of low carbon economy, our country should also study the influence of carbon tariff on international trade and the countermeasures of our country as soon as possible. This paper mainly studies the impact of carbon tariff on international trade from three aspects of innovation and the countermeasures of our country: first, this paper uses Cournot model to perfect the general situation of carbon tariff; second, this paper takes a dialectical view of carbon tariff. It not only sees the adverse effect of carbon tariff on China's foreign trade, but also emphasizes its beneficial effect. Thirdly, this paper starts with the impact of carbon tariff on international trade, and the topic is more innovative. Focusing on the above three innovative aspects, this paper first introduces the research background and significance of the paper, systematically combing the domestic and foreign literature and research status, then starting from the general situation of carbon tariff and the current situation of China's carbon emissions and foreign trade. By using the Cournot model to analyze carbon tariffs and improve the general situation of carbon tariffs, it is assumed that two exporting countries and one importing country, the exporters of two exporting countries, will produce both regional and transboundary emissions in the production process. Combined with a two-stage game model, this paper analyzes the changes in the trading environment after carbon tariffs are levied. The optimal differential carbon tariff rate for importing countries under the condition of maximization of social welfare and the market equilibrium output under the condition of maximizing profits in the market of the two exporting countries are obtained. On this basis, this paper analyzes the impact of carbon tariffs on China's foreign trade, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for China to deal with carbon tariffs from both the international and domestic perspectives, in order to provide useful ideas for the relevant departments to make decisions.
【學位授予單位】：云南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F752.5;F752.6
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，本文編號：2238926
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