本文選題：新疆 + 能源大通道��； 參考：《新疆大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：2013年中國石油凈進口量已超過美國,目前已成為世界第一大石油凈進口國,天然氣消費的增長也占據(jù)全球增長的較大比重。中國目前的石油進口主要集中在沙特阿拉伯(19.8%),安哥拉(12.3%),伊朗(10.9%)等地區(qū),進口原油大都經(jīng)過馬六甲海峽,這對我國的能源安全來說是極為不利的。在減少對馬六甲海峽運輸通道的依賴的前提下,為了增加油氣進口量,中國提出構(gòu)建能源大通道的戰(zhàn)略決策�，F(xiàn)已建成以中哈原油管道、中國-中亞天然氣管道為主體的能源通道,并與“西氣東輸”、“西電東送”等國內(nèi)能源通道相連接,為確保中國能源安全做出了重大貢獻。新疆地處中國西北邊境,與中亞多國相鄰,中亞五國各類能源資源豐富,中亞-里海地區(qū)是未來能源的主要供應(yīng)基地,而新疆與中亞國家的合作優(yōu)勢明顯,在中國-中亞能源大通道中起著重要節(jié)點的作用,能源的中轉(zhuǎn)給新疆的發(fā)展帶來了機遇。能源的存儲、加工、運輸能有效地促進新疆重工業(yè)、物流運輸業(yè)等產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展;能源合作、相關(guān)建設(shè)項目等為新疆帶來了大量的流動人口,對新疆餐飲、服務(wù)、金融、旅游等行業(yè)的發(fā)展起到很好的帶動作用,進而優(yōu)化新疆的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),提供大量的就業(yè)機會,這都為新疆口岸基地創(chuàng)造了良好的發(fā)展環(huán)境。新疆是中國邊境線最長、毗鄰國家最多的省區(qū),口岸眾多�？诎秾π陆貐^(qū)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展有著重要的推動作用,2014年新疆對外貿(mào)易總額達到了276.7億美元,邊境貿(mào)易在進出口貿(mào)易中的占比達到了51%。中央和自治區(qū)都十分重視新疆口岸的發(fā)展,給予物資、人力、政策等各方面的傾斜,并積極地與中亞國家開展經(jīng)濟合作區(qū)的建設(shè),取得了可喜的成就。但由于受到空間上的限制,口岸內(nèi)各類行業(yè)的發(fā)展受到限制,要以點軸開發(fā)理論作為新疆口岸的發(fā)展模式,通過口岸帶動輻射地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,以區(qū)域內(nèi)的企業(yè)帶動口岸的發(fā)展。由于資金、人才等方面的缺乏,造成新疆口岸基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)落后,管理人員、專業(yè)技術(shù)人員無法滿足口岸發(fā)展的需要,自治區(qū)政府可以在宏觀層面進行調(diào)控,為外來資金的流向指明方向,同時要大力引進人才,增強在教育方面的投資,以確保對人才的需求。經(jīng)濟合作區(qū)是口岸基地建設(shè)的重要組成部分,對邊境貿(mào)易的深入、經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展促進作用明顯,但由于建立時間短,合作區(qū)功能還不完善,有關(guān)部門要進一步加大對經(jīng)濟合作區(qū)的支援力度,促使合作區(qū)盡快發(fā)揮作用。此外,還應(yīng)建立對能源大通道建設(shè)的評價指標體系,以明確能源大通道未來的建設(shè)走向,一方面可以發(fā)揮新疆的節(jié)點作用,確保能源大通道的運營;另一方面可以與能源大通道建設(shè)相結(jié)合,引導(dǎo)新疆經(jīng)濟的跨越式發(fā)展。中國-中亞能源大通道和新疆口岸基地建設(shè)能夠相互促進,“新絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶”發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的提出,更是給兩方面的發(fā)展帶了良好的機遇,自治區(qū)各部門要以“新絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶”概念為依托,切實做好能源大通道和口岸基地建設(shè)工作。
[Abstract]:In 2013, China's net oil import has exceeded that of the United States, and now it has become the world's largest net oil importer. The growth of natural gas consumption also occupies a larger proportion of global growth. China's current oil imports are mainly concentrated in Saudi Arabia (19.8%), Angola (12.3%), Iran (10.9%) and other regions, which mostly pass through the Malacca sea. In order to increase the import of oil and gas, China has put forward a strategic decision to build a large energy channel in order to increase the import of oil and gas in order to increase the import of oil and gas. China has now built the energy channel with China Kazakh crude oil pipeline, China Central Asia natural gas pipeline as the main channel, and "west to East". Xinjiang is located in the northwest border of China, adjacent to many countries in Central Asia, the five countries in Central Asia are rich in energy resources, and the Central Asia - Caspian region is the main supply base for future energy, and the cooperation advantage of Xinjiang and Central Asian countries is obvious. The transfer of energy has brought opportunities to the development of Xinjiang in China Central Asia energy channel. Energy storage, processing and transportation can effectively promote the development of heavy industry, logistics, transportation and other industries in Xinjiang; energy cooperation, related construction projects have brought a large number of floating population for Xinjiang, and catering to Xinjiang, The development of services, finance, tourism and other industries has played a very good driving role, and then optimizes the industrial structure of Xinjiang and provides a large number of employment opportunities. This has created a good environment for the development of Xinjiang port base. Xinjiang is the longest border line in China, adjacent to the largest provinces in the country and many ports. The port has developed the economic development of the Xinjiang region. In 2014, the total amount of foreign trade in Xinjiang reached 27 billion 670 million US dollars, and the proportion of border trade in import and export trade reached the central and autonomous region of 51%., which paid great attention to the development of Xinjiang port, given the inclination of materials, manpower, policy and so on, and actively carried out the construction of economic cooperation zone with the Central Asian countries. But because of the limitation of space, the development of various industries in the port is restricted. The point axis development theory should be taken as the development model of the Xinjiang port, the economic development of the radiation area through the port, the development of the ports in the region, the lack of funds and talents, and the cause of the Xinjiang port. The infrastructure construction of the bank is backward, the management personnel and the professional and technical personnel can not meet the needs of the port development. The government of the autonomous region can regulate the macro level, point out the direction of the flow of foreign capital, and also introduce talents to enhance the investment in education so as to ensure the demand for talents. The economic cooperation zone is a port base. The important part of the establishment has an obvious effect on the deepening of the border trade and the development of the economy. However, due to the short time and the imperfect function of the cooperative zone, the relevant departments should further strengthen the support for the economic cooperation zone and promote the cooperation zone to play its role as soon as possible. In addition, the evaluation index system for the construction of the energy large channel should be set up. In order to clear the future construction trend of the energy large channel, on the one hand, we can play the role of Xinjiang's node to ensure the operation of the large channel of energy; on the other hand, it can combine with the construction of large energy channels to guide the leapfrog development of the Xinjiang economy. China Central Asia energy channel and the construction of the Xinjiang port base can promote each other, "new silk" The development strategy of the Road Economic Zone has brought a good opportunity for the development of the two aspects. The departments of the autonomous region should rely on the concept of "the economic belt of the new Silk Road", and do a good job in the construction of the large channel of energy and the base of the port.
【學位授予單位】：新疆大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F752.8;F426.2

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本文編號：1986274