本文選題：裝備制造業(yè) + 服務(wù)化　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：自從中國(guó)加入WTO,裝備制造業(yè)的出口保持快速增長(zhǎng),這種增長(zhǎng)可以被分解為三種邊際:意味著出口種類(lèi)的多元化的擴(kuò)展邊際、強(qiáng)調(diào)出口數(shù)量的數(shù)量邊際和反映出口產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)乃至貿(mào)易條件的價(jià)格邊際,三元邊際的協(xié)同發(fā)展是較為合理的出口增長(zhǎng)模式。梳理相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)可知,現(xiàn)有研究從多方面探討了出口邊際的影響因素,如貿(mào)易成本、匯率等,但鮮有文獻(xiàn)用行業(yè)的服務(wù)化程度來(lái)解釋,而服務(wù)化是裝備制造業(yè)的必然趨勢(shì),也是其完善出口結(jié)構(gòu)的重要途徑。首先,測(cè)算中國(guó)裝備制造業(yè)的服務(wù)化程度以及該行業(yè)出口的三元邊際,其中前者運(yùn)用投入產(chǎn)出法采用裝備制造業(yè)對(duì)生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)的完全消耗系數(shù)來(lái)衡量;后者借鑒Hummels和Klenow(2005)的解構(gòu)思路,基于對(duì)20個(gè)主要貿(mào)易國(guó)的HS-6位產(chǎn)品層面的出口數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行測(cè)算,結(jié)果表明中國(guó)裝備制造業(yè)出口的三元邊際中數(shù)量邊際增速最快,其它兩種邊際對(duì)出口增速的貢獻(xiàn)較小。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中,本文還基于產(chǎn)品的異質(zhì)性和出口目的國(guó)的異質(zhì)性對(duì)不同要素密集度的產(chǎn)品、不同收入水平的出口目的國(guó)分別進(jìn)行了三元邊際的拓展分解。從理論上講,裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化程度可以從服務(wù)投入異質(zhì)性、產(chǎn)品異質(zhì)性和出口目的國(guó)異質(zhì)性的角度影響其出口邊際:從服務(wù)投入異質(zhì)性的角度,裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化程度可以通過(guò)金融類(lèi)服務(wù)投入促進(jìn)企業(yè)在融資、經(jīng)營(yíng)、投資的全過(guò)程提升企業(yè)生產(chǎn)率進(jìn)而提升出口的三元邊際,研發(fā)類(lèi)服務(wù)可以從根本上提升企業(yè)的技術(shù)水平從而獲取較高的國(guó)際市場(chǎng)份額;從產(chǎn)品異質(zhì)性的角度,裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化可以促進(jìn)新產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)、產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)工藝的優(yōu)化以及產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的提升,從而促進(jìn)出口的三元邊際;從出口目的國(guó)異質(zhì)性的角度,出口目的國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模、外商直接投資、地理距離、文化距離等方面的不同特性會(huì)影響服務(wù)化對(duì)出口邊際的傳導(dǎo)。依托這種影響機(jī)制,引入引力模型,并將裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化程度作為解釋變量,裝備制造業(yè)出口的三元邊際作為被解釋變量,從而構(gòu)建了實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)模型。實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)得到的結(jié)論主要有:第一,裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化程度對(duì)其三元邊際均有促進(jìn)作用,其中主要通過(guò)數(shù)量邊際促進(jìn)出口。第二,在不同要素密集度的產(chǎn)品之間,裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化程度對(duì)技術(shù)密集型裝備制造產(chǎn)品出口邊際的傳導(dǎo)更有效。第三,在不同收入水平的出口目的國(guó)之間,裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化程度對(duì)高收入國(guó)家裝備制造業(yè)出口邊際的傳導(dǎo)更有效。值得注意的是,裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化對(duì)其出口的擴(kuò)展邊際和價(jià)格邊際的促進(jìn)作用并沒(méi)有得到完全發(fā)揮。針對(duì)全文的研究目的和研究過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,本文從政府的層面提出了與進(jìn)口國(guó)展開(kāi)精準(zhǔn)合作的"裝備外交"、與企業(yè)協(xié)同合作、推進(jìn)裝備制造業(yè)服務(wù)化等對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:Since China joined the WTO, equipment manufacturing exports have been growing rapidly, and this growth can be broken down into three margins: that means a diversified margin of expansion of export categories. It is emphasized that the quantity margin of export quantity and the price margin reflecting the quality of export products and even the terms of trade, the coordinated development of ternary margin is a more reasonable export growth model. By combing the relevant literature, we can see that the existing research has discussed the influence factors of export marginal from many aspects, such as trade cost, exchange rate and so on, but few documents have explained by the service degree of the industry, and the service is the inevitable trend of the equipment manufacturing industry. It is also an important way to improve the export structure. First of all, the service degree of China's equipment manufacturing industry and the ternary margin of the industry's exports are measured. The former uses the input-output method to measure the complete consumption coefficient of the equipment manufacturing industry to the producer service industry. The latter uses the deconstruction ideas of Hummels and Klenowan 2005 for reference, and calculates the export data of 20 major trading countries on the HS-6 product level. The results show that the quantitative marginal growth rate of China's equipment manufacturing exports is the fastest among the ternary margin. The other two margins contribute less to export growth. In this process, based on the heterogeneity of the product and the heterogeneity of the export destination country, the product with different factor intensity and the export destination country with different income level are expanded and decomposed by ternary margin. Theoretically speaking, the service degree of equipment manufacturing industry can influence its export margin from the perspectives of service input heterogeneity, product heterogeneity and export destination country heterogeneity, and from the angle of service input heterogeneity, equipment manufacturing industry can influence its export margin from the perspectives of service input heterogeneity, product heterogeneity and export destination country heterogeneity. The service level of the equipment manufacturing industry can promote the enterprise's productivity in the whole process of financing, operation and investment through the financial service investment, and then enhance the ternary margin of export. R & D services can fundamentally enhance the technological level of enterprises and gain a higher share of the international market. From the perspective of product heterogeneity, equipment manufacturing service-oriented can promote the development of new products. The optimization of product production process and the improvement of product quality promote the ternary margin of export. From the perspective of heterogeneity of destination country, export destination country is in economic scale, foreign direct investment, geographical distance, Different characteristics of cultural distance will affect the transmission of service to export margin. Based on this kind of influence mechanism, the gravity model is introduced, and the service degree of equipment manufacturing industry is taken as the explanatory variable, and the ternary margin of equipment manufacturing industry export is taken as the explained variable, thus the basic model of empirical test is constructed. The main conclusions of empirical test are as follows: first, the service level of equipment manufacturing industry promotes its ternary margin, in which export is mainly promoted by the margin of quantity. Secondly, the service level of equipment manufacturing industry is more effective to the export margin of technology-intensive equipment manufacturing products between the products with different factor intensity. Thirdly, the service level of the equipment manufacturing industry is more effective to the export margin of the equipment manufacturing industry of the high-income countries among the export destination countries with different income levels. It is worth noting that the promotion of equipment manufacturing service to its export expansion margin and price margin has not been fully played. In view of the purpose of the research and the problems found in the course of the research, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions from the government level, such as "equipment diplomacy" to carry out precise cooperation with importing countries, to cooperate with enterprises, and to promote the service-oriented equipment manufacturing industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426;F752.62

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