本文選題：碳排放 + 貿(mào)易開放　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,氣候變化已經(jīng)開始影響人類的生活,全世界都開始越來越關(guān)注碳排放問題,低碳經(jīng)濟已成為熱點話題。中國作為最大的發(fā)展中國家,碳排放總量已躍居世界第一,超過了美國和歐盟碳排放量的總和。而我國的貿(mào)易發(fā)展也非常迅速,如今已經(jīng)成為了全球最大貿(mào)易國。對外貿(mào)易作為我國經(jīng)濟的三駕馬車之一很大程度上拉動了我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,而貿(mào)易開放、經(jīng)濟增長和我國碳排放之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系成為了關(guān)鍵問題。 基于IPCC給出的估算碳排放的方法,本文通過使用2002-2012年的省級面板數(shù)據(jù)檢驗了貿(mào)易開放和其他主要變量對中國碳排放的影響,目的是為我國能源及減排政策提供科學(xué)的依據(jù)。根據(jù)空間計量模型,得出貿(mào)易開放的碳排放彈性系數(shù)為0.068,即貿(mào)易開放提高1%,二氧化碳排放增加0.068%。因此,貿(mào)易開放對碳排放的效應(yīng)總體是正的,說明我國通過貿(mào)易成為了其他國家的污染天堂。此外,本文驗證了我國經(jīng)濟增長與碳排放存在倒U型的環(huán)境庫茲涅茨曲線關(guān)系,而城市化水平、研發(fā)水平、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與碳排放均存在顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系。然后本文根據(jù)貿(mào)易商品種類的劃分,基于中國各省份按海關(guān)HS編碼劃分的不同種類商品貿(mào)易數(shù)據(jù),研究不同商品貿(mào)易開放對碳排放的影響效應(yīng),結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)其影響效應(yīng)各不相同。紡織品和高科技產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易開放對碳排放有積極作用,而機械產(chǎn)品及礦產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易開放對碳排放有消極影響。進(jìn)一步對其進(jìn)出口與碳排放關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)對碳排放有重要影響。 通過對中國貿(mào)易開放對碳排放影響效應(yīng)的研究,結(jié)合可持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的形勢,本文分別從國家和產(chǎn)業(yè)層面提出完善貿(mào)易政策,加快出口產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等建議。
[Abstract]:At present, climate change has begun to affect human life, the world began to pay more and more attention to carbon emissions, low-carbon economy has become a hot topic.As the largest developing country, China has surpassed the United States and the European Union combined in terms of total carbon emissions, ranking first in the world.China's trade has also developed very rapidly and has become the largest trading country in the world.As one of the troika of China's economy, foreign trade has greatly promoted the development of China's economy, and the relationship among trade openness, economic growth and China's carbon emissions has become a key issue.Based on the method of estimating carbon emissions proposed by IPCC, this paper examines the impact of trade liberalization and other major variables on China's carbon emissions by using provincial panel data from 2002 to 2012, in order to provide a scientific basis for China's energy and emission reduction policies.According to the spatial measurement model, the elastic coefficient of carbon emissions of open trade is 0.068, that is, trade opening increases by 1 and carbon dioxide emissions increase by 0.068.Therefore, the effect of trade liberalization on carbon emissions is positive, indicating that China has become the pollution paradise of other countries through trade.In addition, this paper verifies that there is an inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve between economic growth and carbon emissions in China, but there is a significant positive correlation between urbanization level, R & D level, industrial structure and carbon emissions.Then, according to the classification of trade commodity types and the trade data of different kinds of commodities classified by customs HS code, this paper studies the effect of different commodity trade opening on carbon emissions. The results show that the effects are different.Trade liberalization of textiles and high-tech products has a positive effect on carbon emissions, while trade liberalization of machinery products and mineral products has a negative impact on carbon emissions.Further study on the relationship between import and export and carbon emissions shows that the structure of export commodities has an important impact on carbon emissions.Based on the study of the effect of China's trade opening on carbon emissions and the situation of sustainable economic development, this paper puts forward some suggestions from the national and industrial levels to improve the trade policy and speed up the adjustment of export product structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F752;X22

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