【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)中小企業(yè)金融市場(chǎng)的快速發(fā)展,商業(yè)銀行也不斷加大了對(duì)中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)問(wèn)題的探索和研究。在國(guó)外,中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系己日趨成熟,廣泛應(yīng)用在商業(yè)銀行日常信貸業(yè)務(wù)中,在理論研究上也得到國(guó)外學(xué)者的重視,取得了不少成果,而國(guó)內(nèi)尚未形成統(tǒng)一的中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系,大部分商業(yè)銀行仍在沿用大中型客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系,未能針對(duì)中小企業(yè)的實(shí)際經(jīng)營(yíng)情況,建立相應(yīng)的信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系。因此本文在分析我國(guó)中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系存在問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合福建省D銀行的中小客戶評(píng)級(jí)現(xiàn)狀,提出優(yōu)化構(gòu)想,力求科學(xué)、準(zhǔn)確地反映我國(guó)中小企業(yè)的信用狀況。本文運(yùn)用規(guī)范研究和案例分析相結(jié)合的方法,首先介紹了研究背景、意義、方法和創(chuàng)新之處；第二,對(duì)客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)的相關(guān)理論及文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行歸納整理和評(píng)述,為接下來(lái)的案例研究做好理論鋪墊；第三,在對(duì)我國(guó)不同商業(yè)銀行中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系執(zhí)行現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行比較分析的基礎(chǔ)上,剖析了目前信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系存在的問(wèn)題以及優(yōu)化的必要性；第四,結(jié)合當(dāng)前中小企業(yè)金融市場(chǎng)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì),剖析了福建省D銀行中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)體系的現(xiàn)狀,并從一般中小客戶和小微客戶兩個(gè)維度提出了相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化方案。第五,采用案例分析法,對(duì)優(yōu)化前后的中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系與應(yīng)用結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了優(yōu)化方案的成效。本文研究的主要貢獻(xiàn)有以下方面：1.根據(jù)中小企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)特點(diǎn),本文從評(píng)級(jí)對(duì)象、權(quán)重分配以及指標(biāo)設(shè)置等方面剖析了目前我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系存在的問(wèn)題,并結(jié)合福建省D銀行中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系的現(xiàn)狀,分別從一般中小客戶和小微客戶兩個(gè)維度提出了相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化方案,使中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)過(guò)程和結(jié)果更具合理性。2.通過(guò)對(duì)優(yōu)化前后中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系應(yīng)用效果對(duì)比分析發(fā)現(xiàn),進(jìn)一步細(xì)分評(píng)級(jí)對(duì)象,減少財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià),充分發(fā)揮非財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)對(duì)中小企業(yè)信用狀況的還原能力,有利于提高中小企業(yè)信用評(píng)級(jí)的效率和準(zhǔn)確性,從而進(jìn)一步滿足中小企業(yè)融資急的需求。通過(guò)理論分析和案例研究,本文認(rèn)為：從專業(yè)化的角度對(duì)中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,對(duì)商業(yè)銀行發(fā)展中小企業(yè)金融業(yè)務(wù)具有著重要的引導(dǎo)和推動(dòng)作用,不僅提高了客戶評(píng)級(jí)工作的成效,同時(shí)提升了中小客戶的融資體驗(yàn),也推動(dòng)了中小客戶信用評(píng)級(jí)向?qū)I(yè)化、科學(xué)化的管理模式不斷發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the financial market of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, commercial banks have also increased the exploration and research on the credit rating of small and medium-sized customers. In foreign countries, the credit rating index system of small and medium-sized customers has become more and more mature. It has been widely used in the daily credit business of commercial banks, and has also been paid attention to by foreign scholars in theoretical research, and has achieved a lot of results. However, a unified credit rating index system for small and medium-sized customers has not yet been formed in China, and most commercial banks are still using the credit rating index system for large and medium-sized customers, failing to target at the actual operating conditions of small and medium-sized enterprises. Establish the corresponding credit rating index system. Therefore, based on the analysis of the existing problems in the credit rating index system of small and medium-sized customers in China, and in combination with the present situation of the small and medium-sized customer rating system of D Bank in Fujian Province, this paper puts forward an optimized conception to scientifically and accurately reflect the credit status of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country. In this paper, the research background, significance, methods and innovations are introduced by combining normative research with case analysis. Second, the related theories and documents of customer credit rating are summarized and reviewed, which will pave the way for the next case study. Thirdly, on the basis of the comparative analysis of the implementation status of the credit rating index system of middle and small customers in different commercial banks in China, the problems existing in the current credit rating index system and the necessity of optimization are analyzed. Fourthly, according to the development trend of the financial market of small and medium-sized enterprises, this paper analyzes the present situation of credit rating system of middle and small customers in D Bank of Fujian Province, and puts forward the corresponding optimization scheme from the two dimensions of general small and medium customers and small and micro customers. Fifthly, the paper compares the credit rating index system of small and medium customers before and after optimization with the results of application by case analysis, and further verifies the effectiveness of the optimization scheme. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1. According to the economic characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the credit rating index system of middle and small customers in Chinese commercial banks from the aspects of rating object, weight distribution and index setting. Combining with the present situation of the credit rating index system of middle and small customers in D Bank of Fujian Province, this paper puts forward the corresponding optimization scheme from the two dimensions of ordinary small and medium customers and small and micro customers, which makes the credit rating process and results of small and medium-sized customers more reasonable. 2. Through the comparative analysis of the application effect of the credit rating index system of the small and medium-sized customers before and after the optimization, it is found that further subdividing the rating object, reducing the evaluation of the financial index, giving full play to the ability of the non-financial index to restore the credit status of the small and medium-sized enterprises. It is helpful to improve the efficiency and accuracy of credit rating of SMEs, so as to meet the urgent financing needs of SMEs. Through theoretical analysis and case study, this paper holds that optimizing the credit rating index system of small and medium-sized customers from the perspective of specialization plays an important role in guiding and promoting the development of financial business of small and medium-sized enterprises in commercial banks. It not only improves the effect of customer rating, but also promotes the financing experience of small and medium-sized customers, and promotes the development of professional and scientific management mode of credit rating of small and medium-sized customers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.33;F276.3

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