基于雙邊市場理論的第三方支付平臺定價及監(jiān)管研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-15 18:26
【摘要】：隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)和電子商務(wù)的蓬勃發(fā)展,我國企業(yè)和個人的網(wǎng)上交易額日益上升,而作為獨立于電子商務(wù)平臺、單獨提供資金結(jié)算服務(wù)的機(jī)構(gòu),第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)也得到迅猛發(fā)展。 經(jīng)過長達(dá)十多年的發(fā)展,我國的第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)已形成相對穩(wěn)定的多種發(fā)展模式,其中,銀行卡收單和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)支付占據(jù)較大比重。當(dāng)下,第三方支付企業(yè)雖已進(jìn)入后牌照時代,但仍面臨著日益加劇的業(yè)內(nèi)競爭。銀聯(lián)對線上平臺開展線下業(yè)務(wù)的全面狙擊,迫使以支付寶為首的眾多企業(yè)紛紛放棄進(jìn)一步發(fā)展線下業(yè)務(wù)的計劃。與此同時,境外支付機(jī)構(gòu)一直在謀求擠入中國第三方支付市場,試圖取得支付許可證。 第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)一直在競爭中不斷謀求發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)和創(chuàng)新業(yè)務(wù)齊頭并進(jìn),通過第三方支付平臺發(fā)生的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)電子支付筆數(shù)和金額屢創(chuàng)新高。繁榮發(fā)展必然伴隨著潛在風(fēng)險,第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)逐步暴露出巨大的風(fēng)險性,這促使著監(jiān)管部門及時制定相關(guān)監(jiān)管政策。我國第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)的監(jiān)管從起步階段就滯后于發(fā)展進(jìn)程,近幾年,人民銀行及政府監(jiān)管部門加快監(jiān)管政策的出臺,加大政策實施力度,以期第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)步入規(guī)范化發(fā)展道路。 本文從上述兩個方面對我國第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)做出簡單分析。首先,本文對將要應(yīng)用的雙邊市場理論做出簡單闡述,總結(jié)出判定是否屬于雙邊市場的三大特征：市場參與者之間的相互關(guān)系、復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)絡(luò)外部性以及雙邊平臺是外部性內(nèi)部化的最優(yōu)選擇。然后,通過梳理第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),歸納出該產(chǎn)業(yè)的顯著特征,表現(xiàn)出明顯的雙邊市場特性。其次,本文進(jìn)一步運用雙邊市場理論,對第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行深入剖析,主要是通過構(gòu)建關(guān)于第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)的雙邊市場模型,并通過該模型分析第三方支付平臺的定價機(jī)制選擇及監(jiān)管下的行為選擇問題。在分析定價機(jī)制時,本文以支付寶(中國)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)有限公司為例,對理論模型的假設(shè)及結(jié)論進(jìn)行驗證。最后,在雙邊市場理論視角下,分析人民銀行現(xiàn)有監(jiān)管措施的有效性及可實施性,并為監(jiān)管部門未來的政策制定給出相應(yīng)建議。 創(chuàng)新之處在于將雙邊市場理論引入第三方支付平臺的分析,不論是從定價角度還是監(jiān)管政策方面。就第三方支付平臺定價機(jī)制而言,本文把握了第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)的雙邊市場特征,并充分結(jié)合我國第三方支付平臺的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,構(gòu)建了符合我國現(xiàn)實的第三方支付平臺定價模型,模型中考慮了該產(chǎn)業(yè)的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)外部性,通過對現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)組織理論的合理運用,一定程度上揭示了第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)的定價機(jī)制和內(nèi)在運行機(jī)理,以期對中小型平臺具有參考價值。第三方支付產(chǎn)業(yè)的雙邊市場特性同時為市場監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的政策制定指明了方向,本文的分析可在一定程度上為其提供理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Internet technology and electronic commerce, the amount of online transactions of enterprises and individuals in our country is increasing day by day. Third-party payment industry has also been rapid development. After more than a decade of development, China's third-party payment industry has formed a relatively stable variety of development models, in which bank card payment and Internet payment account for a large proportion. At present, third-party payment enterprises have entered the post-license era, but still face increasing competition in the industry. UnionPay's full sniper attack on offline services on online platforms has forced many companies led by Alipay to abandon plans to further develop offline businesses. At the same time, foreign payment agencies have been seeking to squeeze into China's third-party payment market, trying to obtain payment permits. The third party payment industry has been constantly seeking development in the competition, traditional business and innovation business go hand in hand, through the third party payment platform, the number and amount of electronic payment on the Internet has repeatedly reached a new high. Prosperity and development will inevitably be accompanied by potential risks, third party payment industry gradually exposed a huge risk, which prompted the regulatory authorities to formulate relevant regulatory policies in a timely manner. The supervision of the third-party payment industry in China has lagged behind the development process from its initial stage. In recent years, the people's Bank of China and the government regulatory authorities have accelerated the introduction of the regulatory policy and intensified the implementation of the policy. With a view to third-party payment industry into a standardized development. This paper makes a simple analysis of the third-party payment industry from the above two aspects. First of all, this paper makes a brief exposition of the bilateral market theory to be applied, and summarizes the three characteristics of judging whether it belongs to the bilateral market: the relationship between the market participants and the market participants. Complex network externalities and bilateral platforms are the best choice for internalization of externalities. Then, by combing the development of the third-party payment industry, we conclude the remarkable characteristics of the industry, showing obvious bilateral market characteristics. Secondly, this paper further analyzes the third-party payment industry by using the bilateral market theory, mainly through the construction of the bilateral market model of third-party payment industry. Through this model, the pricing mechanism of third-party payment platform and the behavior selection under supervision are analyzed. In the analysis of pricing mechanism, this paper takes Alipay (China) Network Technology Co., Ltd as an example to verify the hypothesis and conclusion of the theoretical model. Finally, from the perspective of bilateral market theory, this paper analyzes the effectiveness and implementability of the existing supervision measures of the people's Bank of China, and gives corresponding suggestions for the future policy formulation of the regulatory authorities. The innovation lies in the introduction of bilateral market theory into the analysis of third-party payment platforms, whether from the perspective of pricing or regulatory policy. As far as the pricing mechanism of third-party payment platform is concerned, this paper grasps the bilateral market characteristics of third-party payment industry, and fully combines the development of third-party payment platform in our country, and constructs a pricing model of third-party payment platform in accordance with the reality of our country. In the model, the complex network externalities of the industry are considered, and the pricing mechanism and internal operating mechanism of the third-party payment industry are revealed to a certain extent through the rational application of the modern industrial organization theory. With a view to medium and small platform reference value. The bilateral market characteristics of the third-party payment industry also point out the direction for the policy formulation of the market regulators. The analysis in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the third-party payment industry to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F724.6;F832.2
本文編號：2124993
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Internet technology and electronic commerce, the amount of online transactions of enterprises and individuals in our country is increasing day by day. Third-party payment industry has also been rapid development. After more than a decade of development, China's third-party payment industry has formed a relatively stable variety of development models, in which bank card payment and Internet payment account for a large proportion. At present, third-party payment enterprises have entered the post-license era, but still face increasing competition in the industry. UnionPay's full sniper attack on offline services on online platforms has forced many companies led by Alipay to abandon plans to further develop offline businesses. At the same time, foreign payment agencies have been seeking to squeeze into China's third-party payment market, trying to obtain payment permits. The third party payment industry has been constantly seeking development in the competition, traditional business and innovation business go hand in hand, through the third party payment platform, the number and amount of electronic payment on the Internet has repeatedly reached a new high. Prosperity and development will inevitably be accompanied by potential risks, third party payment industry gradually exposed a huge risk, which prompted the regulatory authorities to formulate relevant regulatory policies in a timely manner. The supervision of the third-party payment industry in China has lagged behind the development process from its initial stage. In recent years, the people's Bank of China and the government regulatory authorities have accelerated the introduction of the regulatory policy and intensified the implementation of the policy. With a view to third-party payment industry into a standardized development. This paper makes a simple analysis of the third-party payment industry from the above two aspects. First of all, this paper makes a brief exposition of the bilateral market theory to be applied, and summarizes the three characteristics of judging whether it belongs to the bilateral market: the relationship between the market participants and the market participants. Complex network externalities and bilateral platforms are the best choice for internalization of externalities. Then, by combing the development of the third-party payment industry, we conclude the remarkable characteristics of the industry, showing obvious bilateral market characteristics. Secondly, this paper further analyzes the third-party payment industry by using the bilateral market theory, mainly through the construction of the bilateral market model of third-party payment industry. Through this model, the pricing mechanism of third-party payment platform and the behavior selection under supervision are analyzed. In the analysis of pricing mechanism, this paper takes Alipay (China) Network Technology Co., Ltd as an example to verify the hypothesis and conclusion of the theoretical model. Finally, from the perspective of bilateral market theory, this paper analyzes the effectiveness and implementability of the existing supervision measures of the people's Bank of China, and gives corresponding suggestions for the future policy formulation of the regulatory authorities. The innovation lies in the introduction of bilateral market theory into the analysis of third-party payment platforms, whether from the perspective of pricing or regulatory policy. As far as the pricing mechanism of third-party payment platform is concerned, this paper grasps the bilateral market characteristics of third-party payment industry, and fully combines the development of third-party payment platform in our country, and constructs a pricing model of third-party payment platform in accordance with the reality of our country. In the model, the complex network externalities of the industry are considered, and the pricing mechanism and internal operating mechanism of the third-party payment industry are revealed to a certain extent through the rational application of the modern industrial organization theory. With a view to medium and small platform reference value. The bilateral market characteristics of the third-party payment industry also point out the direction for the policy formulation of the market regulators. The analysis in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the third-party payment industry to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F724.6;F832.2
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