本文選題：中小企業(yè)　切入點：信用擔(dān)保體系　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，中小企業(yè)的數(shù)量已占據(jù)企業(yè)總數(shù)的絕大部分，中小企業(yè)對我國經(jīng)濟的貢獻也越來越突出，如今已成為國民經(jīng)濟的重要支柱，其地位是不容忽視的。但融資難一直是阻礙中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的主要因素，這也是世界各國都面臨的一個難題，對此各個國家的專業(yè)人士都普遍認為建立中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保體系是一種有效的解決辦法，我國也在上世紀九十年代建立起了中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保體系，其成立為緩解中小企業(yè)融資難發(fā)揮了很大的作用，對此，本文通過建立一個簡單的信貸均衡模型，具體分析了信用擔(dān)保是如何緩解中小企業(yè)融資難問題的，解釋了其建立的積極意義。 本文結(jié)合擔(dān)保行業(yè)發(fā)展的數(shù)據(jù)具體分析了我國中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保機構(gòu)的數(shù)量規(guī)模發(fā)展情況和擔(dān)保機構(gòu)的運營現(xiàn)狀，也通過數(shù)據(jù)分析總結(jié)了我國中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保體系發(fā)展過程中存在的一些問題。本文還研究了信用擔(dān)保體系發(fā)展比較完善的日本、美國、德國、韓國四國，研究他們的擔(dān)保模式是如何運作的，總結(jié)了他們各自的優(yōu)點以及我國在發(fā)展過程中可以借鑒的先進方法和理念。 本文具體研究了我國現(xiàn)存的三種擔(dān)保模式，，研究他們各自的運作方式，各自的優(yōu)點和缺點，通過比較分析提出現(xiàn)階段我國應(yīng)發(fā)展以商業(yè)性擔(dān)保為主，以政策性擔(dān)保作為后盾進行再擔(dān)保，以互助性擔(dān)保作為重要補充的擔(dān)保模式：以商業(yè)性擔(dān)保為主，能發(fā)揮其自主經(jīng)營模式的優(yōu)勢，避免外界的干預(yù)且具有較強的競爭力；以政策性擔(dān)保為有力后盾為商業(yè)性擔(dān)保提供再擔(dān)保減輕擔(dān)保機構(gòu)的風(fēng)險損失；以互助性擔(dān)保為重要補充為中小企業(yè)提供更多的融資支持。此外，本文還針對這種擔(dān)保模式提出一些改進的建議：第一，提出了完善現(xiàn)有的商業(yè)性擔(dān)保的幾點建議；第二，認為應(yīng)加強擔(dān)保機構(gòu)與城市商業(yè)銀行的合作，能實現(xiàn)擔(dān)保機構(gòu)、企業(yè)和城市商業(yè)銀行的共贏；第三，認為應(yīng)完善征信體系，為擔(dān)保打下堅實的信用基礎(chǔ)；第四，認為應(yīng)當(dāng)完善法律環(huán)境的建設(shè)，為擔(dān)保體系創(chuàng)造好的外部環(huán)境；第五，認為應(yīng)積極創(chuàng)新以便能更好的為中小企業(yè)的融資提供更靈活多樣的擔(dān)保服務(wù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises has occupied most of the total number of enterprises, and the contribution of small and medium-sized enterprises to our economy has become more and more prominent. Now it has become an important pillar of the national economy, and its status is not to be ignored.However, the difficulty of financing has always been the main factor hindering the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, which is also a difficult problem all over the world. For this reason, professionals in various countries generally believe that establishing a credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises is an effective solution.China also established a credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises in the 1990s, which played a great role in alleviating the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises. In view of this, this paper establishes a simple credit equilibrium model.This paper analyzes how credit guarantee alleviates the financing difficulties of SMEs and explains the positive significance of its establishment.Based on the data of the development of guarantee industry, this paper analyzes the development of the number and scale of the credit guarantee institutions of small and medium-sized enterprises in China and the present situation of the operation of the guarantee agencies.It also summarizes some problems existing in the development of credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in China through data analysis.This paper also studies four countries, Japan, the United States, Germany and South Korea, which have a relatively perfect credit guarantee system, and studies how their guarantee model works.Their respective advantages and advanced methods and concepts in the development process of our country are summarized.This paper specifically studies three kinds of guarantee models in our country, their respective operating modes, their respective advantages and disadvantages, and puts forward that commercial guarantee should be the main development in our country at the present stage through comparative analysis.Take the policy guarantee as the backing to carry on the reguarantee, take the mutual aid guarantee as the important supplementary guarantee pattern: mainly by the commercial guarantee, can give play to its independent management mode superiority, avoids the outside intervention and has the stronger competitive power;Taking policy guarantee as the powerful backing, providing reguarantee for commercial guarantee to reduce the risk loss of guarantee institution, taking mutual guarantee as an important supplement to provide more financing support for small and medium-sized enterprises.In addition, this paper also puts forward some suggestions to improve the security model: first, it puts forward some suggestions to perfect the existing commercial guarantee; second, it thinks that the cooperation between the guarantee agencies and the city commercial banks should be strengthened to realize the guarantee organization.Third, the credit system should be improved to lay a solid credit foundation for the guarantee; fourth, the legal environment should be improved to create a good external environment for the guarantee system.We should innovate actively in order to provide more flexible and diversified guarantee services for SME financing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.4;F276.3

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