【摘要】：汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)因具有極高的產(chǎn)業(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)性和極強(qiáng)的波及效應(yīng)而成為許多國(guó)家和地區(qū)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)在市場(chǎng)需求和政府政策的雙重推動(dòng)下,步入了發(fā)展的快車(chē)道。2009年我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)量達(dá)到1379.10萬(wàn)輛,成為世界第一生產(chǎn)大國(guó),2013年我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)量提升到2211.68萬(wàn)輛,繼續(xù)領(lǐng)先于其他國(guó)家。但與汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比,我國(guó)仍然不是汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)強(qiáng)國(guó),汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度還偏低。偏低的產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度會(huì)造成兩個(gè)方面問(wèn)題：一是絕多數(shù)汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)達(dá)不到規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì),生產(chǎn)成本居高不下；二是不利于技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。兩者都嚴(yán)重影響著我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)的整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,在國(guó)內(nèi)外汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)愈加激烈、產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)一步加大的背景下,研究如何提高我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文在對(duì)我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度現(xiàn)狀、演變進(jìn)程進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒世界汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家生產(chǎn)集中度的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),認(rèn)為極高寡占型的市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)是我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展方向。在定性分析我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度影響因素的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用年鑒統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、協(xié)整理論和向量自回歸模型方法,對(duì)我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度的影響因素進(jìn)行了定量分析。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明：我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)市場(chǎng)容量增長(zhǎng)率對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度的影響較小；產(chǎn)品差異化程度與產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度存在著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系；企業(yè)規(guī)模、進(jìn)入壁壘與產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度有著正相關(guān)關(guān)系；外商直接投資對(duì)我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度有一定的正向促進(jìn)作用。根據(jù)以上實(shí)證結(jié)論,本文提出了促使我國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度進(jìn)一步提高的政策建議：一是加快行業(yè)間的兼并重組,擴(kuò)大企業(yè)規(guī)模；二是構(gòu)建有效的行業(yè)進(jìn)入和退出壁壘；三是繼續(xù)引進(jìn)外資,促進(jìn)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)的合理化。
[Abstract]:Automobile industry has become the pillar industry of many countries and regions because of its high industrial relevance and strong spillover effect. In the 21st century, China's automobile industry has entered the fast lane of development under the dual promotion of market demand and government policy. In 2009, China's automobile output reached 13.791 million, becoming the largest producer in the world. In 2013, China's automobile output increased to 22.1168 million, continuing to lead other countries. However, compared with the developed countries of the automobile industry, China is still not a powerful country of automobile production, and the concentration of the automobile industry is still on the low side. The low degree of industrial concentration will cause two problems: one is that most automobile production enterprises can not achieve economies of scale and the production cost is high; the other is that it is not conducive to technological innovation. Both of them seriously affect the overall competitiveness of China's automobile industry. Under the background of the increasingly fierce competition in the automobile industry at home and abroad and the further increase of the risk of overcapacity, it is of great practical significance to study how to improve the concentration of China's automobile industry. Based on the analysis of the present situation and evolution process of automobile industry concentration in China, and drawing lessons from the development trend of production concentration in developed countries of automobile industry in the world, this paper holds that the extremely high oligopoly market structure is the development direction of China's automobile industry market structure. On the basis of qualitative analysis of the influencing factors of automobile industry concentration in China, the influencing factors of automobile industry concentration in China are quantitatively analyzed by means of yearbook statistical analysis, cointegration theory and vector autoregression model. The empirical results show that the growth rate of market capacity of automobile industry in China has little influence on the degree of industrial concentration; there is a negative correlation between the degree of product differentiation and industrial concentration; there is a positive correlation between the size of enterprises, barriers to entry and the degree of industrial concentration; and foreign direct investment plays a positive role in promoting the concentration of automobile industry in China. According to the above empirical conclusions, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the concentration of automobile industry in China: one is to speed up the merger and reorganization between industries and expand the scale of enterprises; the other is to construct effective barriers to entry and exit of industries; the third is to continue to introduce foreign capital to promote the rationalization of the market structure of automobile industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426.471

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