發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-16 19:40

【摘要】：鋼鐵行業(yè)是支持國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要產(chǎn)業(yè),從建國(guó)初期到現(xiàn)在,我國(guó)鋼鐵行業(yè)經(jīng)歷了由弱到強(qiáng)的發(fā)展變化,至2010年成為真正的鋼鐵大國(guó)。受近年我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩的影響,鋼鐵需求量大幅下降,多品種、小批量的生產(chǎn)方式成為鋼鐵企業(yè)應(yīng)對(duì)寒冬時(shí)期的主要手段。這對(duì)鋼鐵企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的準(zhǔn)時(shí)性、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量都提出了較高要求。然而鋼鐵企業(yè)普遍存在的流程長(zhǎng)、溫度高等特點(diǎn),導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)過(guò)程控制較難,實(shí)現(xiàn)準(zhǔn)時(shí)化、高品質(zhì)的生產(chǎn)較為困難。為此,鋼鐵企業(yè)需要借助新的技術(shù)手段實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程的精準(zhǔn)控制。繼計(jì)算機(jī)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之后,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)引領(lǐng)了全球信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的第三次革命,該技術(shù)引起了各國(guó)政府的關(guān)注,并被應(yīng)用于制造業(yè)、物流業(yè)、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生等行業(yè),但受成本、技術(shù)水平、內(nèi)外部環(huán)境等影響,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)尚未在大范圍內(nèi)得到應(yīng)用。為探索影響我國(guó)鋼鐵企業(yè)采納物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的主要因素,本文基于技術(shù)接受模型探索了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)、企業(yè)內(nèi)部環(huán)境、企業(yè)外部環(huán)境與企業(yè)對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)感知有用性和使用行為意向之間的邏輯關(guān)系,利用SPSS17.0軟件對(duì)預(yù)調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了信度效度分析,修正并建立了最終量表。調(diào)研了20家鋼鐵企業(yè)并獲取數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用結(jié)構(gòu)方程軟件AMOS 17.0對(duì)研究模型的假設(shè)進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):外部環(huán)境、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)對(duì)感知有用性的影響顯著,內(nèi)部環(huán)境對(duì)感知有用性影響不顯著;外部環(huán)境中,外部環(huán)境中,客戶、行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者以及其他行業(yè)對(duì)該技術(shù)的態(tài)度對(duì)感知有用性影響顯著;物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的先進(jìn)性是企業(yè)采納技術(shù)時(shí)考慮的重點(diǎn),經(jīng)濟(jì)性和安裝復(fù)雜性的考慮相對(duì)較弱;內(nèi)部環(huán)境中,企業(yè)決策者的態(tài)度對(duì)感知有用性的影響最小。同時(shí),為定量衡量鋼鐵企業(yè)對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的需求程度,構(gòu)建了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)需求程度的定量分析模型。首先,基于鋼鐵企業(yè)現(xiàn)狀分析得出現(xiàn)場(chǎng)流動(dòng)性與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)需求程度之間的關(guān)聯(lián)特性,并推薦一種函數(shù)表示。然后,從企業(yè)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的流動(dòng)性水平出發(fā),基于精益生產(chǎn)“一個(gè)流”的思想,選取工序節(jié)拍一致性、工序作業(yè)時(shí)間穩(wěn)定性和工序間在制品庫(kù)存周期這3項(xiàng)指標(biāo),采用熵權(quán)-TOPSIS法對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)流動(dòng)性水平進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),將評(píng)價(jià)值代入推薦的函數(shù)進(jìn)而得到鋼鐵企業(yè)對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的需求程度。最終,通過(guò)物與信息流動(dòng)圖對(duì)某鋼鐵企業(yè)寫實(shí)獲取數(shù)據(jù),驗(yàn)證了該模型的可行性。
[Abstract]:Iron and steel industry is an important industry to support the national economy. From the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the present, the iron and steel industry of China has experienced the development from weak to strong, and has become a real iron and steel country in 2010. Under the influence of slowing economic growth in China in recent years, the demand for iron and steel has dropped sharply. Many varieties and small batches of production have become the main means for iron and steel enterprises to cope with the cold winter period. This puts forward a higher requirement for the production timeliness and product quality of iron and steel enterprises. However, the common characteristics of iron and steel enterprises, such as long process, high temperature and so on, make it difficult to control the production process, to realize just-in-time and high-quality production. To this end, iron and steel enterprises need new technical means to achieve accurate control of the production process. Following computers and the Internet, the Internet of things has led the third revolution in the global information industry. The technology has attracted the attention of governments and has been used in manufacturing, logistics, health care and other industries, but at cost and technical level. The Internet of things technology has not been applied in a wide range due to the influence of internal and external environment. In order to explore the main factors affecting the adoption of the Internet of things technology in iron and steel enterprises in China, this paper explores the Internet of things technology, the internal environment of the enterprise, based on the technology acceptance model. The logical relationship between the external environment of the enterprise and the perceived usefulness of the Internet of things technology and the use of the behavior intention of the enterprise. The reliability and validity of the pre-investigated data were analyzed by using SPSS17.0 software, and the final scale was revised and established. 20 iron and steel enterprises were investigated and the data were obtained. The hypothesis of the model was tested by structural equation software AMOS 17.0. It is found that the external environment, the Internet of things technology has a significant impact on the perceived usefulness, while the internal environment has no significant impact on the perceived usefulness; In the external environment, the attitude of customers, industry competitors and other industries to the technology has a significant impact on perceived usefulness; The advancement of Internet of things (IoT) technology is the focus of enterprises when adopting technology, and the consideration of economy and installation complexity is relatively weak; in the internal environment, the attitude of enterprise decision makers has the least effect on perceived usefulness. At the same time, in order to quantitatively measure the demand degree of the Internet of things technology in iron and steel enterprises, a quantitative analysis model of the demand degree of the Internet of things technology is constructed. Firstly, based on the analysis of the status quo of iron and steel enterprises, the relationship between on-the-spot liquidity and the technical requirements of the Internet of things is obtained, and a functional representation is recommended. Then, starting from the liquidity level of the enterprise's production site, based on the idea of "one flow" in lean production, this paper selects three indexes, namely, the consistency of working procedures, the stability of working time and the inventory cycle of products in between processes. The entropy weight-TOPSIS method is used to evaluate the liquidity level on the spot, and the evaluation value is substituted into the recommended function, and then the demand degree of the iron and steel enterprises for the Internet of things technology is obtained. Finally, the feasibility of the model is verified by realistically obtaining data from an iron and steel enterprise by moving graph of material and information flow.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.31;F270.7

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