我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組：動(dòng)因、現(xiàn)狀及對(duì)策
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-06 14:42
【摘要】：汽車業(yè)具有產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈長(zhǎng)、關(guān)聯(lián)度強(qiáng)、就業(yè)面廣等特點(diǎn),是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)之一,其發(fā)展?fàn)顩r對(duì)整個(gè)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)具有重大影響。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)要發(fā)展,汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)不僅不能拖后腿,而且要先行發(fā)展并帶動(dòng)其他相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。但是長(zhǎng)期以來,我國(guó)汽車業(yè)存在諸多問題,如企業(yè)規(guī)模小且布局分散,產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度低,自主品牌薄弱等,這些都嚴(yán)重影響汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。汽車企業(yè)為克服這些問題并尋求發(fā)展,直在實(shí)踐中摸索,發(fā)現(xiàn)重組是一條快捷的發(fā)展之路,這也與世界汽車業(yè)發(fā)展路徑相吻合。 為發(fā)展自主品牌,提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,我國(guó)汽車業(yè)自2000年以來逐步開始進(jìn)行重組活動(dòng),政府部門自2009年以來也不斷出臺(tái)相關(guān)政策,鼓勵(lì)汽車企業(yè)進(jìn)行兼并重組活動(dòng)。2013年1月,工信部、發(fā)改委等12個(gè)部委聯(lián)合發(fā)布了《關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)行業(yè)企業(yè)兼并重組的指導(dǎo)意見》,明確提出要以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向,推動(dòng)整車企業(yè)兼并重組。汽車業(yè)兼并重組已進(jìn)行了十多年,但跨區(qū)域重組進(jìn)程緩慢,并且重組的效果不甚理想,存在許多重組后管理或文化整合失敗的案例,甚至重組后雙方被拖垮的實(shí)例,此外,重組活動(dòng)不夠徹底,產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上的重組較少。為使汽車業(yè)進(jìn)入快速有效的重組之路,有必要對(duì)汽車業(yè)重組的動(dòng)因和現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。 文章采用了規(guī)范研究方法、比較分析法和案例分析法,研究我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)的重組活動(dòng)。本文根據(jù)企業(yè)重組的相關(guān)理論,著眼于我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組的動(dòng)因、現(xiàn)狀和對(duì)策,研究了我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組的相關(guān)問題。 文章主要內(nèi)容分為七個(gè)部分： 第一部分是緒論。介紹了文章研究背景和研究意義,綜述了國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于重組的文獻(xiàn),展示了文章的結(jié)構(gòu)安排和研究方法。 第二部分是企業(yè)重組的基礎(chǔ)理論。介紹企業(yè)重組的概念與分類,并闡述了企業(yè)重組的動(dòng)因理論,主要闡述了效率理論、交易費(fèi)用理論和市場(chǎng)勢(shì)力理論。 第三部分是我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組的動(dòng)因。分析具體汽車行業(yè)企業(yè)重組的外在動(dòng)因和內(nèi)在動(dòng)因,外在動(dòng)因主要有三：一是重組是汽車業(yè)發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì),二是政府政策的推動(dòng)作用,三是國(guó)外汽車企業(yè)尋求我國(guó)汽車市場(chǎng)帶來的機(jī)遇；內(nèi)在動(dòng)因主要有四個(gè)：一是為了完善產(chǎn)品線,豐富產(chǎn)品類別,二是為了技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,發(fā)展自主品牌,三是為了擴(kuò)大規(guī)模,提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度,四是為了提高國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。 第四部分是我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組的現(xiàn)狀分析。首先回顧我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組的歷程,并分析其發(fā)展趨勢(shì),自2000年來汽車企業(yè)紛紛進(jìn)行重組活動(dòng),尤其在2002年、2005年、2009年和2012年特別活躍,加上政府政策的推動(dòng),未來重組活動(dòng)會(huì)更加激烈。其次分析了汽車企業(yè)重組的方式和重組的效果,重組方式主要列了股權(quán)收購方式、現(xiàn)金收購方式和合資企業(yè)方式,重組的效果表現(xiàn)在企業(yè)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大和產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度的提高上,但實(shí)質(zhì)上重組存在很多問題,失敗率較高。最后提取出重組存在的問題,包括跨區(qū)域重組進(jìn)程緩慢、重組效果不佳整合問題復(fù)雜、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上重組不完善等。 第五部分是我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組案例比較分析。結(jié)合江鈴汽車重組長(zhǎng)安重汽和中國(guó)重汽重組成都王牌兩個(gè)案例,從重組原因和重組效果兩方面進(jìn)行比較分析,江鈴汽車重組長(zhǎng)安重汽,符合江鈴汽車多年的戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃,繞開技術(shù)壁壘,快速進(jìn)入重卡領(lǐng)域,填補(bǔ)重型車的空白,同時(shí)緩解了長(zhǎng)安重汽的經(jīng)營(yíng)惡化,并重新配置了雙方的資源；中國(guó)重汽重組成都王牌,也是基于戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃要求,完善產(chǎn)品線,進(jìn)軍中小微輕型汽車領(lǐng)域。 第六部分是我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組對(duì)策。針對(duì)我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組存在的問題以及案例分析的結(jié)果,從政府層面和企業(yè)層面提出了推進(jìn)我國(guó)汽車企業(yè)重組的對(duì)策和建議,政府層面的策略包括轉(zhuǎn)換政府職能和協(xié)調(diào)各方利益,企業(yè)層面的策略包括緊圍繞企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略、慎重選擇并購對(duì)象、注重并購后的整合以及引進(jìn)優(yōu)秀重組領(lǐng)域人才。 第七部分是結(jié)束語�？偨Y(jié)了本文的主要結(jié)論,并指出了本文研究的局限性以及今后進(jìn)一步研究的方向。
[Abstract]:The automobile industry has the characteristics of long chain, strong degree of association and wide employment. It is one of the pillar industries of the national economy, and its development situation has a great influence on the whole national economy. The Chinese economy is to develop, and the automobile industry can not only drag the back, but also advance and drive other related industries to develop. But for a long time, there are many problems in China's automobile industry, such as the small size of the enterprise, the distribution of the layout, the low concentration of the industry, the weakness of the self-owned brand and so on, which seriously affect the development of the automobile industry. In order to overcome these problems and to seek development, the automobile enterprises grope in practice and find that the reorganization is a fast way to develop, which is also in line with the development path of the world automobile industry. In order to develop the independent brand, to improve the industrial concentration and the international competitiveness, the auto industry of our country has gradually started to carry out the restructuring activity since 2000, and the government department has also continuously introduced the relevant policies since 2009 to encourage the automobile enterprises to carry out the merger and reorganization activity. In January, 2013, the worker 12 ministries and other ministries, such as the Ministry of Communications and the National Development and Reform Commission, jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Speeding up the Merger and Reorganization of the Key Industry Enterprises, and clearly stated that it should guide the market as a guide to promote the merger of the whole vehicle enterprises. Reorganization. The merger and reorganization of the automobile industry has been carried out for more than a decade, but the process of the reorganization of the trans-region is slow, and the effect of the recombination is not very ideal. There are many cases of post-reorganization management or cultural integration failure, and even after the reorganization, the two parties have been dragged down. In addition, the reorganization activity is not enough Complete, the restructuring of the industrial chain In order to make the automobile industry enter a fast and effective route, it is necessary to carry on the cause and the present situation of the restructuring of the automobile industry. The article adopts the standard research method, the comparative analysis method and the case analysis method to study the automobile enterprises in our country. Based on the theory of the reorganization of the enterprise, this paper focuses on the causes, the present situation and the countermeasures of the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in China, and studies the reorganization of the automobile enterprises in our country. related problems of the article. The article mainly The content is divided into seven parts The first part is the introduction. The research background and significance of the article are introduced, the domestic and foreign literature on the reorganization is summarized, and the text is shown. The structure arrangement and research method of the chapter. The second part is the basic theory of the reorganization of the enterprise. The concept and classification of the reorganization of the enterprise are introduced, the cause theory of the reorganization of the enterprise is described, and the efficiency theory is mainly expounded. The theory of transaction cost and the theory of market power. The third part is the cause of the reorganization of the automobile enterprise in our country. The external motivation and the internal cause of the reorganization of the specific automobile industry are analyzed. The main reason is three: one is the inevitable trend of the development of the automobile industry, the second is the driving effect of the government policy, and the third is the foreign country. The automobile enterprises seek the opportunity of our car market; there are four main reasons: one is to perfect the product line, enrich the product category, 2 is for the technology innovation, develop the independent brand, and the third is to expand the scale and improve The concentration of the industry, four is to improve the international competitiveness. The fourth part is the analysis of the current situation of the reorganization of automobile enterprises in our country. First of all, the process of the restructuring of automobile enterprises in our country is reviewed, and the development trend is analyzed. Since 2000, the automobile enterprises have been carrying out the restructuring, especially in 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2012. The promotion of the government's policy will be more intense in the future. Secondly, the way and effect of the reorganization of the automobile enterprise are analyzed, and the way of the equity acquisition, the way of cash acquisition and the way of joint venture are listed, and the effect of the reorganization is shown in the expansion and the industry of the scale of the enterprise. the increase of concentration On the other hand, there are many problems in the substance recombination, and the failure rate is high. Finally, the problems of the recombination are extracted, including the slow and the recombination effect of the trans-regional recombination process. The problem of incomplete integration of the fruit is complicated, the reorganization of the industrial chain is not perfect, etc. The fifth part is the comparative analysis of the case of the restructuring of automobile enterprises in our country. Combined with the two cases of the restructuring of Changan Chongqi and China's heavy-steam recombination in Chengdu, this paper makes a comparison and analysis from the two aspects of the reorganization and the recombination effect. Multi-year strategic planning, bypassing technical barriers, rapidly entering the area of heavy trucks, filling the blank of heavy-duty vehicles, and relieving the deterioration of the operation of Chang 'an Heavy-duty Vehicle, and reconfiguring the resources of both sides; China's heavy-duty restructuring of Chengdu's trump card is also based on the battle slightly plan the requirements, improve the product line, and march into small and medium-sized enterprises The sixth part of the light-light automobile field is the reorganization of the automobile enterprises in our country. In view of the problems of the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in our country and the result of the case analysis, the countermeasures to promote the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in China are put forward from the governmental level and the enterprise level. and suggestions, the government-level strategy includes the transformation of the government functions and the coordination of the interests of the parties, the strategy of the enterprise level includes the close around the enterprise strategy, the careful choice Select the object of M & A, and pay attention to and The seventh part of this article is the conclusion of this article.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.471;F271
本文編號(hào)：2314580
[Abstract]:The automobile industry has the characteristics of long chain, strong degree of association and wide employment. It is one of the pillar industries of the national economy, and its development situation has a great influence on the whole national economy. The Chinese economy is to develop, and the automobile industry can not only drag the back, but also advance and drive other related industries to develop. But for a long time, there are many problems in China's automobile industry, such as the small size of the enterprise, the distribution of the layout, the low concentration of the industry, the weakness of the self-owned brand and so on, which seriously affect the development of the automobile industry. In order to overcome these problems and to seek development, the automobile enterprises grope in practice and find that the reorganization is a fast way to develop, which is also in line with the development path of the world automobile industry. In order to develop the independent brand, to improve the industrial concentration and the international competitiveness, the auto industry of our country has gradually started to carry out the restructuring activity since 2000, and the government department has also continuously introduced the relevant policies since 2009 to encourage the automobile enterprises to carry out the merger and reorganization activity. In January, 2013, the worker 12 ministries and other ministries, such as the Ministry of Communications and the National Development and Reform Commission, jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Speeding up the Merger and Reorganization of the Key Industry Enterprises, and clearly stated that it should guide the market as a guide to promote the merger of the whole vehicle enterprises. Reorganization. The merger and reorganization of the automobile industry has been carried out for more than a decade, but the process of the reorganization of the trans-region is slow, and the effect of the recombination is not very ideal. There are many cases of post-reorganization management or cultural integration failure, and even after the reorganization, the two parties have been dragged down. In addition, the reorganization activity is not enough Complete, the restructuring of the industrial chain In order to make the automobile industry enter a fast and effective route, it is necessary to carry on the cause and the present situation of the restructuring of the automobile industry. The article adopts the standard research method, the comparative analysis method and the case analysis method to study the automobile enterprises in our country. Based on the theory of the reorganization of the enterprise, this paper focuses on the causes, the present situation and the countermeasures of the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in China, and studies the reorganization of the automobile enterprises in our country. related problems of the article. The article mainly The content is divided into seven parts The first part is the introduction. The research background and significance of the article are introduced, the domestic and foreign literature on the reorganization is summarized, and the text is shown. The structure arrangement and research method of the chapter. The second part is the basic theory of the reorganization of the enterprise. The concept and classification of the reorganization of the enterprise are introduced, the cause theory of the reorganization of the enterprise is described, and the efficiency theory is mainly expounded. The theory of transaction cost and the theory of market power. The third part is the cause of the reorganization of the automobile enterprise in our country. The external motivation and the internal cause of the reorganization of the specific automobile industry are analyzed. The main reason is three: one is the inevitable trend of the development of the automobile industry, the second is the driving effect of the government policy, and the third is the foreign country. The automobile enterprises seek the opportunity of our car market; there are four main reasons: one is to perfect the product line, enrich the product category, 2 is for the technology innovation, develop the independent brand, and the third is to expand the scale and improve The concentration of the industry, four is to improve the international competitiveness. The fourth part is the analysis of the current situation of the reorganization of automobile enterprises in our country. First of all, the process of the restructuring of automobile enterprises in our country is reviewed, and the development trend is analyzed. Since 2000, the automobile enterprises have been carrying out the restructuring, especially in 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2012. The promotion of the government's policy will be more intense in the future. Secondly, the way and effect of the reorganization of the automobile enterprise are analyzed, and the way of the equity acquisition, the way of cash acquisition and the way of joint venture are listed, and the effect of the reorganization is shown in the expansion and the industry of the scale of the enterprise. the increase of concentration On the other hand, there are many problems in the substance recombination, and the failure rate is high. Finally, the problems of the recombination are extracted, including the slow and the recombination effect of the trans-regional recombination process. The problem of incomplete integration of the fruit is complicated, the reorganization of the industrial chain is not perfect, etc. The fifth part is the comparative analysis of the case of the restructuring of automobile enterprises in our country. Combined with the two cases of the restructuring of Changan Chongqi and China's heavy-steam recombination in Chengdu, this paper makes a comparison and analysis from the two aspects of the reorganization and the recombination effect. Multi-year strategic planning, bypassing technical barriers, rapidly entering the area of heavy trucks, filling the blank of heavy-duty vehicles, and relieving the deterioration of the operation of Chang 'an Heavy-duty Vehicle, and reconfiguring the resources of both sides; China's heavy-duty restructuring of Chengdu's trump card is also based on the battle slightly plan the requirements, improve the product line, and march into small and medium-sized enterprises The sixth part of the light-light automobile field is the reorganization of the automobile enterprises in our country. In view of the problems of the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in our country and the result of the case analysis, the countermeasures to promote the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in China are put forward from the governmental level and the enterprise level. and suggestions, the government-level strategy includes the transformation of the government functions and the coordination of the interests of the parties, the strategy of the enterprise level includes the close around the enterprise strategy, the careful choice Select the object of M & A, and pay attention to and The seventh part of this article is the conclusion of this article.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.471;F271
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