【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)90年代以來,垂直專業(yè)化作為一種特殊的生產(chǎn)和貿(mào)易模式獲得了高速的發(fā)展,對(duì)全球各國的經(jīng)濟(jì)都產(chǎn)生了重大影響。國際分工不再簡(jiǎn)單的停留在產(chǎn)業(yè)間分工或者產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)分工,而是進(jìn)一步細(xì)化到更微觀的產(chǎn)品內(nèi)分工。產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)被分成若干個(gè)連續(xù)的環(huán)節(jié)(工序),并且每個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)(工序)被安排到不同的國家或者地區(qū)來生產(chǎn)。在國際分工進(jìn)一步細(xì)化的背景下,憑借著勞動(dòng)力、資源等方面的比較優(yōu)勢(shì),中國制造業(yè)成功的融入到全球垂直專業(yè)化分工體系中去,承接了發(fā)達(dá)國家為降低生產(chǎn)成本、保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)而轉(zhuǎn)移出來的附加值較低、技術(shù)含量較低的生產(chǎn)工序或環(huán)節(jié)。不可否認(rèn),參與垂直專業(yè)化分工生產(chǎn),為我國制造業(yè)帶來了一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益并促進(jìn)了加工貿(mào)易的發(fā)展。但是,其長期處于技術(shù)含量較低、附加值較低的加工組織生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)的情況可能會(huì)持續(xù)下去甚至發(fā)生惡化。因此,我國制造業(yè)應(yīng)充分利用各種資源,加強(qiáng)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,實(shí)現(xiàn)向產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈高端的轉(zhuǎn)移。本文第一部分主要介紹了研究背景及選題意義,并對(duì)關(guān)于垂直專業(yè)化、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新及垂直專業(yè)化對(duì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新影響的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了綜述；第二章首先對(duì)垂直專業(yè)化過程中的技術(shù)溢出進(jìn)行數(shù)理分析,然后對(duì)其技術(shù)溢出如何對(duì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)生影響進(jìn)行了理論分析；第三章選取了我國1997-2010年的12個(gè)制造業(yè)行業(yè),采用垂直專業(yè)化指數(shù)和專利申請(qǐng)數(shù)量來衡量其參與垂直專業(yè)化分工的程度和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的水平,進(jìn)行現(xiàn)狀分析。第四章是本文的實(shí)證分析部分,首先構(gòu)建基本模型,由于技術(shù)創(chuàng)新是一個(gè)長期的過程,存在明顯的累積效應(yīng)即：過去的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新水平會(huì)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力產(chǎn)生顯著影響,所以在模型中引入專利申請(qǐng)數(shù)量的一階滯后項(xiàng),從而擴(kuò)展為動(dòng)態(tài)面板數(shù)據(jù)模型。然后采用廣義系統(tǒng)矩估計(jì)(GMM)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行回歸,并進(jìn)一步的將12個(gè)制造業(yè)行業(yè)分為：勞動(dòng)和資源密集型行業(yè)、低中技術(shù)制造業(yè)和高技術(shù)制造業(yè),再分別進(jìn)行回歸。通過實(shí)證分析得出：總體上,參與垂直專業(yè)化分工促進(jìn)了我國制造業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新；具體到三種不同類型的行業(yè),垂直專業(yè)化對(duì)其技術(shù)創(chuàng)新均存在不同程度的促進(jìn)作用。第五章對(duì)全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié),根據(jù)研究所得結(jié)論和我國的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況,提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議：合理深化參與垂直專業(yè)化分工的程度、提高對(duì)垂直專業(yè)化分工中技術(shù)溢出的吸收能力、加強(qiáng)與跨國公司的交流,進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)其技術(shù)溢出對(duì)本土技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的影響、參與垂直專業(yè)化分工的企業(yè)要注重關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研發(fā),推進(jìn)業(yè)務(wù)歸核和逆向外包戰(zhàn)略、自主研發(fā)與消化吸收技術(shù)溢出相結(jié)合、擴(kuò)大企業(yè)平均規(guī)模、行業(yè)投資規(guī)模和工業(yè)增加值率,進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, vertical specialization, as a special mode of production and trade, has been developing at a high speed, which has had a great impact on the economies of all countries in the world. International division of labor no longer simply stays in the inter-industry division or intra-industry division, but further refined to more micro-intra-product division. The production of the product is divided into several consecutive links (processes), and each link (process) is arranged to be produced in a different country or region. Under the background of further refinement of international division of labor, with the comparative advantages of labor force and resources, China's manufacturing industry has been successfully integrated into the global vertical specialization division system, taking over developed countries to reduce production costs. Maintain competitive advantage and transfer out of low added value, low technical content of production processes or links. It is undeniable that participation in vertical specialized division of labor has brought certain economic benefits to our manufacturing industry and promoted the development of processing trade. However, the situation of processing organization with low technology content and low added value for a long time may continue or even deteriorate. Therefore, China's manufacturing industry should make full use of all kinds of resources, strengthen technological innovation and realize the transfer to the high end of the industrial chain. The first part of this paper mainly introduces the research background and the significance of the topic, and summarizes the related literature on vertical specialization, technological innovation and vertical specialization on technological innovation. The second chapter firstly analyzes the technology spillover in the vertical specialization process, and then makes a theoretical analysis on how the technology spillover affects the technological innovation. The third chapter selects 12 manufacturing industries from 1997 to 2010. The vertical specialization index and the number of patent applications are used to measure the degree of their participation in vertical specialization and the level of technological innovation, and the present situation is analyzed. The fourth chapter is the empirical analysis part of this paper. Firstly, the basic model is constructed. Because technological innovation is a long-term process, there is a significant cumulative effect: the level of technological innovation in the past will have a significant impact on the current technological innovation capability. So the first order lag term of patent application number is introduced into the model, which is extended to dynamic panel data model. Then the generalized system moment estimation (GMM) is used to regression the model, and 12 manufacturing industries are further divided into labor and resource intensive industries, low and medium technology manufacturing industries and high technology manufacturing industries. Through empirical analysis, it is concluded that, in general, participation in vertical specialization promotes technological innovation in China's manufacturing industry, and in three different types of industries, vertical specialization promotes technological innovation to varying degrees. The fifth chapter summarizes the full text, according to the conclusions of the study and the reality of our country, put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: reasonable deepening the degree of participation in vertical specialization division of labor, improve the absorption capacity of technology spillover in vertical specialization division. To strengthen exchanges with multinational corporations and further enhance the impact of technology spillover on local technological innovation, enterprises involved in vertical specialization and division of labor should pay attention to the research and development of key technologies, and promote the strategy of core business and reverse outsourcing. Combining independent R & D with assimilating and absorbing technology spillovers, the average scale of enterprises, the scale of industry investment and the rate of industrial added value will be expanded to further promote the development of technological innovation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F424.3

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