本文選題：需求響應(yīng) + 電力用戶��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展和電力消費(fèi)量的不斷增加導(dǎo)致的電力供應(yīng)和用戶電力需求之間的矛盾越來(lái)越大。通過(guò)盲目增加裝機(jī)容量來(lái)滿足用電高峰時(shí)段的電力需求,勢(shì)必造成電力資源的極大浪費(fèi),加重企業(yè)和用戶的負(fù)擔(dān),這就給智能電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展提出了新課題和新挑戰(zhàn)。近年來(lái),電力需求側(cè)管理在中國(guó)越來(lái)越受到重視,需求響應(yīng)(demand response, DR)作為電力需求側(cè)管理的解決方案之一,在保障電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行、抑制電價(jià)上升方面具有重要作用。 在電力市場(chǎng)化的改革中,為了緩解并解決電網(wǎng)側(cè)的電力供需矛盾,通過(guò)電力需求響應(yīng)科學(xué)配置電能、合理安排需方資源,同時(shí)用戶的用電需求對(duì)電力價(jià)格的響應(yīng)能力,可以在保持供電可靠性水平的前提下在一定程度上降低用戶的用電費(fèi)用,降低電力系統(tǒng)高峰時(shí)段的供電成本和電力負(fù)荷的波動(dòng)幅度,進(jìn)而降低總供電成本,從而有效緩解電力短缺局面,提高電力資源的利用率,達(dá)到節(jié)約資源、促進(jìn)發(fā)展和保護(hù)環(huán)境的目的。 本文首先在參考了大量文獻(xiàn)和國(guó)內(nèi)外研究的基礎(chǔ)上,深入了解和全面分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)需求響應(yīng)的相關(guān)措施研究和發(fā)展的情況,總結(jié)出其具體的發(fā)展方向與趨勢(shì),同時(shí)針對(duì)我國(guó)目前的用電現(xiàn)狀及電力需求進(jìn)行了討論與分析,并提出了我國(guó)實(shí)施電力需求響應(yīng)的迫切性和必要性,詳細(xì)介紹了電力需求側(cè)管理的背景及意義,闡述了電力需求響應(yīng)的概念、需求響應(yīng)實(shí)施過(guò)程中的主要參與方、具體措施、實(shí)施過(guò)程,并詳細(xì)描述了電力需求響應(yīng)效益評(píng)價(jià)的相關(guān)方法。 本論文針對(duì)我國(guó)實(shí)施的電力需求響應(yīng)中的峰谷電價(jià)措施,從用戶側(cè)電力需求響應(yīng)的角度出發(fā),概述了峰谷時(shí)段的劃分,分析了需求響應(yīng)措施實(shí)施前確定用戶基線負(fù)荷的必要性,提出峰谷電價(jià)實(shí)施前的基線負(fù)荷測(cè)算和峰谷電價(jià)實(shí)施后用戶的用電負(fù)荷測(cè)算模型,對(duì)峰谷電價(jià)的實(shí)施效果模型進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)測(cè)算,分別從用戶收益、電網(wǎng)收益和環(huán)境效益3個(gè)方面對(duì)實(shí)施基于峰谷電價(jià)的需求響應(yīng)效果進(jìn)行測(cè)算和求解,并在此基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)峰谷電價(jià)實(shí)施的實(shí)例對(duì)峰谷電價(jià)措施實(shí)施前后的負(fù)荷大小及實(shí)施效果進(jìn)行了測(cè)算,驗(yàn)證了基于峰谷電價(jià)的需求響應(yīng)實(shí)施效果模型的合理性和有效性。 目前,我國(guó)需求響應(yīng)措施的具體實(shí)施與發(fā)展仍處于起步階段,在各方面的研究與實(shí)施效果的測(cè)算方面還需要大量的基礎(chǔ)工作。本文所進(jìn)行的研究工作通過(guò)對(duì)需求響應(yīng)措施實(shí)施前后的負(fù)荷及由此產(chǎn)生的效果進(jìn)行測(cè)算,可以用作需求響應(yīng)措施實(shí)施的效果評(píng)估,將成為研究需求響應(yīng)實(shí)施效果的有力方法和依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the increasing of electricity consumption, the contradiction between electricity supply and user's power demand is becoming more and more serious. Blindly increasing the installed capacity to meet the power demand during the peak period will inevitably lead to a great waste of power resources and increase the burden on enterprises and users. This brings new problems and challenges to the development of smart grid. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to DSM in China. As one of the solutions of DSM, demand response (demand response, Dr) plays an important role in ensuring the stable operation of power grid and restraining the rise of electricity price. In the reform of electric power market, in order to alleviate and solve the contradiction between supply and demand of power supply and demand on the power grid side, the scientific allocation of electric energy through the response of power demand, the reasonable arrangement of the resources of the demand side, and the response ability of the user's demand to the electricity price, On the premise of maintaining the reliability level of power supply, the cost of electricity consumption can be reduced to a certain extent, the power supply cost and the fluctuation range of power load during the peak period of power system can be reduced, and then the total power supply cost can be reduced. Therefore, the situation of electricity shortage can be effectively alleviated, the utilization rate of power resources can be improved, and the purpose of saving resources and promoting development and protecting the environment can be achieved. Firstly, based on a large number of literatures and domestic and foreign studies, this paper has deeply understood and comprehensively analyzed the research and development of the relevant measures in response to demand at home and abroad, and summed up its specific development direction and trend. At the same time, the paper discusses and analyzes the current situation and demand of electricity in our country, and points out the urgency and necessity of implementing demand response in China, and introduces the background and significance of DSM in detail. This paper expounds the concept of power demand response, the main participants in the process of implementing demand response, the concrete measures and the implementation process, and describes in detail the relevant methods for evaluating the benefit of power demand response. This paper aims at the peak-valley price measures in China's electricity demand response, from the point of view of the user side electricity demand response, summarizes the division of peak and valley periods, and analyzes the necessity of determining the user's baseline load before the implementation of the demand response measures. This paper puts forward the base line load calculation before peak-valley electricity price implementation and the user's power load calculation model after peak-valley electricity price implementation, and calculates the implementation effect model of peak and valley electricity price in detail, respectively from the user's income. The effect of demand response based on peak-valley price is calculated and solved from three aspects of power grid income and environmental benefit. Based on this, the load size and the effect of peak-valley electricity price before and after the implementation of peak-valley electricity price are calculated, and the rationality and validity of the implementation effect model based on peak-valley electricity price are verified. At present, the implementation and development of our country's demand response measures are still in the initial stage, and a lot of basic work is needed in all aspects of research and measurement of the effect of implementation. The research work carried out in this paper can be used to evaluate the effect of demand response measures by measuring the load before and after the implementation of the demand response measures and the resulting effects. It will be a powerful method and basis to study the effect of demand response implementation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61;F224

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