本文關(guān)鍵詞：反傾銷調(diào)查下中國(guó)光伏企業(yè)對(duì)歐多層游說(shuō)研究　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 多層游說(shuō) 利益集團(tuán) 光伏 反傾銷 歐洲聯(lián)盟

【摘要】：2012年9月,歐盟委員會(huì)正式啟動(dòng)對(duì)中國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)品的反傾銷調(diào)查。在中國(guó)政府與企業(yè)長(zhǎng)達(dá)15個(gè)月的艱苦努力下,中歐雙方最終以價(jià)格承諾的方式達(dá)成和解。在這樁貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的解決過(guò)程中,中國(guó)政府無(wú)疑扮演著決定性的角色,但企業(yè)也通過(guò)各種途徑,發(fā)揮了不可忽視的作用。本文將從企業(yè)的角度出發(fā),探討如下問(wèn)題：企業(yè)如何發(fā)揮作用介入其中?游說(shuō)的對(duì)象有哪些?他們?cè)鯓娱_(kāi)展游說(shuō)?他們?yōu)槭裁茨軌蜷_(kāi)展游說(shuō)?在傳統(tǒng)上,反傾銷決策作為共同的貿(mào)易政策領(lǐng)域?qū)儆跉W盟第一支柱范疇,歐盟在此范疇內(nèi)具有排他性權(quán)力。但本文利用弗里茨·沙普夫提出的多層治理聯(lián)合決策模式,通過(guò)對(duì)歐盟的反傾銷決策機(jī)制的分析,認(rèn)為是存在多層性的。某問(wèn)題是否能進(jìn)入政府討論的議程,一直到這一問(wèn)題的初裁,決策權(quán)都掌握在歐盟層面,但最終的裁定需要經(jīng)過(guò)代表成員國(guó)意志的部長(zhǎng)理事會(huì)以簡(jiǎn)單多數(shù)方式通過(guò),在政策實(shí)施階段,成員國(guó)層面則具有更為重要作用。根據(jù)歐盟反傾銷基本條例中的“共同體利益原則”,反傾銷措施的決策,必須全面評(píng)價(jià)包括產(chǎn)業(yè)利益和消費(fèi)者利益在內(nèi)的各方利益。依據(jù)這一原則,歐盟內(nèi)部的社會(huì)組織可以在反傾銷決策過(guò)程中不斷施加影響。以上描述的權(quán)力分散形成了歐盟反傾銷決策機(jī)制的“歐盟-成員國(guó)-社會(huì)”多層性。這決定了若要成功影響歐盟反傾銷決策,必須對(duì)分享權(quán)力的各主體進(jìn)行游說(shuō),從而形成了中國(guó)企業(yè)的多層游說(shuō)。中國(guó)光伏企業(yè)在應(yīng)對(duì)此次調(diào)查的實(shí)踐中充分利用了歐盟多層治理提供的政治機(jī)會(huì),形成了針對(duì)歐盟層次、成員國(guó)層次和社會(huì)層次的多層游說(shuō)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。其中中國(guó)企業(yè)和行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)主要借助中國(guó)政府的庇護(hù)和支持實(shí)現(xiàn)了在成員國(guó)層次上的間接游說(shuō)。在社會(huì)層次上,中國(guó)光伏企業(yè)積極利用產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的相互依賴,推動(dòng)并參與在歐洲設(shè)立游說(shuō)聯(lián)盟。此聯(lián)盟通過(guò)利用歐盟相關(guān)法律規(guī)定、創(chuàng)造輿論壓力積極對(duì)事件發(fā)展進(jìn)行影響。通過(guò)中國(guó)政府與歐盟成員國(guó)的合作、光伏企業(yè)對(duì)歐盟社會(huì)層次上輿論的積極影響,歐盟層次上的主要行為體歐委會(huì)最終做出讓步。中國(guó)光伏企業(yè)的多層游說(shuō)網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有的一大特征是,在發(fā)揮重要作用的歐盟和成員國(guó)層次上,中國(guó)光伏企業(yè)主要依賴間接游說(shuō)。本文利用利益集團(tuán)理論對(duì)此特征進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步分析,認(rèn)為企業(yè)和行業(yè)所掌握的資源和進(jìn)入商品(Access Good)是背后的根本原因。在最后,本文對(duì)中國(guó)光伏企業(yè)在發(fā)展中存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了反思。同時(shí),提出了此次爭(zhēng)端給今后更多中國(guó)企業(yè)在應(yīng)對(duì)歐盟反傾銷時(shí)的啟示,包括注重爭(zhēng)取本國(guó)政府的支持；改變出事后臨時(shí)聯(lián)合社會(huì)團(tuán)體的做法,注重在歐盟內(nèi)部培育長(zhǎng)期聯(lián)合盟友;學(xué)習(xí)歐美企業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn),在歐盟和歐盟成員國(guó)建立商會(huì),加強(qiáng)對(duì)歐的利益表達(dá),維護(hù)自身利益。
[Abstract]:In September 2012, the European Commission officially launched an anti-dumping investigation into photovoltaic products in China. Under the hard work of the Chinese government and enterprises for 15 months. China and Europe finally reached a settlement in the form of price commitments. The Chinese government undoubtedly played a decisive role in the settlement of the trade dispute, but companies also went through a variety of channels. This article will discuss the following questions from the angle of the enterprise: how does the enterprise play its role to intervene in it? What are the targets for lobbying? How do they lobby? Why can they lobby? Traditionally, anti-dumping decision-making as a common trade policy area belongs to the first pillar of the EU. The EU has exclusive powers in this context, but this paper analyzes the EU's anti-dumping decision-making mechanism by using the multi-level governance joint decision-making model proposed by Frietz Schapf. It is believed that there are many levels... Whether a certain issue can be on the agenda of government discussion, until the initial decision on this issue, the decision-making power lies with the European Union. However, the final decision needs to be adopted by a simple majority of the Council of Ministers, which represents the will of the member States, at the policy implementation stage. According to the "Community benefit principle" in the basic EU antidumping regulations, the decision-making of anti-dumping measures is more important. The interests of all parties, including the interests of industry and consumers, must be comprehensively evaluated... in accordance with this principle. The social organizations within the European Union can exert constant influence in the anti-dumping decision-making process. The decentralization described above forms the "EU-member society" of the EU anti-dumping decision-making mechanism. Multilayered. This determines the success of EU anti-dumping decisions. Power sharing has to be lobbied to form a multi-tiered lobby for Chinese companies. Chinese photovoltaic companies have taken full advantage of the political opportunities offered by the EU's multi-tiered governance in response to the investigation. The formation of a level targeted at the European Union. Among them, Chinese enterprises and trade associations mainly rely on the protection and support of the Chinese government to realize indirect lobbying at the member state level. Chinese photovoltaic enterprises actively take advantage of the interdependence of the industrial chain to promote and participate in the establishment of a lobbying coalition in Europe. Through the cooperation between the Chinese government and the member states of the EU, photovoltaic enterprises have a positive influence on the public opinion of the EU at the social level. The European Commission, the main actor at the EU level, eventually made concessions. A major feature of the multi-tiered lobbying network of Chinese photovoltaic companies is at the level of the EU and member States, which play an important role. Chinese photovoltaic enterprises mainly rely on indirect lobbying. This paper uses interest group theory to further analyze this feature. Think that enterprises and industries have the resources and enter the goods access good) is the root cause behind. In the end. This paper reflects on the problems existing in the development of Chinese photovoltaic enterprises. At the same time, it puts forward the enlightenment of this dispute for more Chinese enterprises to deal with EU anti-dumping in the future, including paying attention to the support of their own governments. To change the practice of temporary alliance with social groups after the accident and focus on fostering long-term alliance allies within the EU; Learn from the experience of European and American enterprises, set up chambers of commerce in the EU and EU member states, strengthen the expression of interests to Europe and safeguard their own interests.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.6;F752.02

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