【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后，我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)迅猛發(fā)展，房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)發(fā)展更為快速。北京乃至全國(guó)的新興建筑呈現(xiàn)了大型化、高層化、多樣化、復(fù)雜化的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。例如“鳥巢”、“水立方”、國(guó)家大劇院、天寧寺立交橋等建筑。其中建設(shè)高樓大廈不可缺少的部分是建筑物鋼結(jié)構(gòu)桁架，尤其是建筑物鋼結(jié)構(gòu)桁架發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。目前，我國(guó)現(xiàn)有建筑制造單位近2000家，建筑研究設(shè)計(jì)院達(dá)到3000多家，，在用的建筑已有100余萬(wàn)棟，從事建筑行業(yè)工作的人員達(dá)到300多萬(wàn)人。進(jìn)年來(lái)，建筑行業(yè)的正處于蓬勃發(fā)展之中。然而，建筑物一旦發(fā)生事故，后果往往是機(jī)毀人亡，令人觸目驚心的。在我國(guó)發(fā)生的眾多建筑施工安全事故中，建筑物倒塌事故所占比例超過(guò)25%，一直是重點(diǎn)治理的方向之一。建筑物鋼結(jié)構(gòu)桁架事故與故障的原因分析表明，建筑物傷害事故是由多種因素造成的，涉及設(shè)計(jì)制造，安裝維護(hù)，使用，操作人員素質(zhì)，外部異常載荷以及施工環(huán)境等多個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。因此，在建筑物投入使用過(guò)程中，對(duì)其建筑物鋼結(jié)構(gòu)桁架進(jìn)行認(rèn)真的安全監(jiān)測(cè)是非常必要的。 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容是：（1）對(duì)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)安全監(jiān)測(cè)狀況進(jìn)行了調(diào)研分析，明確了國(guó)內(nèi)外建筑安全監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；（2）對(duì)建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安全監(jiān)測(cè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了比較分析，明確了研究方案技術(shù)路線；（3）對(duì)建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)變形損傷次聲發(fā)射定位方法進(jìn)行了研究，研究分析了區(qū)域定位、時(shí)差定位方法原理與特點(diǎn)，根據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)象結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，采用時(shí)差定位一維線定位方法對(duì)鋼桁架結(jié)構(gòu)變形損傷次聲發(fā)射位置（即變形損傷位置）進(jìn)行了模擬研究，效果良好；（4）建筑結(jié)構(gòu)變形損傷產(chǎn)生次聲波，同時(shí)由于各種因素作用產(chǎn)生噪聲影響，為此對(duì)建筑鋼桁架結(jié)構(gòu)變形損傷次聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)過(guò)程噪聲剔除技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究，通過(guò)對(duì)中值法、平均響應(yīng)法、平均位移法和小波降噪法等進(jìn)行了比較研究，根據(jù)比較結(jié)果，最后采用平均位移法對(duì)次聲發(fā)射過(guò)程進(jìn)行降噪效果良好；最后，搭建了建筑鋼桁架結(jié)構(gòu)次聲檢測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，并開展了一定的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。論文在建筑鋼桁架結(jié)構(gòu)變形損傷定位和聲發(fā)射噪聲降噪關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究方面，獲得了一些有益的結(jié)論，具有一定的新見解。
[Abstract]:After entering the 21 st century, the social economy of our country develops rapidly, and the real estate industry develops more rapidly. The emerging buildings in Beijing and even the whole country present the development trend of large-scale, high-rise, diversified and complicated. For example, Bird's Nest, Water Cube, National Grand Theater, Tianning Temple overpass and other buildings. The indispensable part of building steel truss, especially the building steel truss, plays an irreplaceable role. At present, there are nearly 2000 building manufacturing units in China, more than 3000 architectural research and design institutes, more than 1 million buildings in use, and more than 3 million people working in the construction industry. In recent years, the construction industry is in a vigorous development. However, in the event of an accident, the consequences are often mechanical destruction, shocking. Among the many construction safety accidents in our country, the proportion of building collapse accidents is more than 25%, which is one of the key management directions. The analysis of the causes of the accidents and failures of steel trusses in buildings shows that the accidents of building injuries are caused by many factors, including design and manufacture, installation and maintenance, use, and quality of operators. External abnormal load and construction environment and other links. Therefore, it is very necessary to carefully monitor the safety of the steel truss of the building in the process of putting the building into use. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the status of safety monitoring of building structures has been investigated and analyzed, and the development trend of building safety monitoring technology at home and abroad has been clarified. (2) the key technologies of safety monitoring of steel structures are compared and analyzed, and the technical route of the research scheme is clarified. (3) the infrasonic emission localization method for deformation damage of building steel structure is studied, and the principle and characteristics of regional location and moveout positioning method are analyzed, according to the structural characteristics of monitoring object, The position of deformation-damage infrasonic emission (i.e. the position of deformation-damage) of steel truss structures is simulated by time-difference one-dimensional line positioning method and the results are satisfactory. (4) the infrasonic wave is produced by the deformed damage of the building structure, at the same time, the noise is affected by various factors, so the noise elimination technology in the process of detecting the deformation damage of the building steel truss structure is studied, and the median method is used. The average response method, average displacement method and wavelet denoising method are compared. According to the comparison results, the average displacement method is used to reduce the noise of infrasound emission process. Finally, an experimental system of infrasound detection for steel truss structure is built, and some experimental studies are carried out. In this paper, some useful conclusions are obtained in the research of the key technologies of deformation-damage location and acoustic emission noise reduction for steel truss structures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU391;TU317

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 夏雅琴;王微;張斌;;次聲信號(hào)的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)[J];北京工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2006年06期

2 農(nóng)金龍;;幾種新的無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法及應(yīng)用實(shí)例[J];大眾科技;2011年05期

3 張水平;陳剛;;國(guó)內(nèi)外金屬礦山安全監(jiān)測(cè)現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J];世界有色金屬;2009年06期

4 郭發(fā)濱;董立峰;;次聲波在海嘯災(zāi)害預(yù)警中的應(yīng)用探討[J];海岸工程;2007年01期

5 王長(zhǎng)海,韓奎俠,王飛;雙電容式次聲接收器的設(shè)計(jì)[J];核電子學(xué)與探測(cè)技術(shù);2003年02期

6 謝金來(lái),陶中達(dá),謝照華;高靈敏度寬頻帶電容次聲傳感器[J];核電子學(xué)與探測(cè)技術(shù);2003年05期

7 熊海貝;李志強(qiáng);;結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)的研究現(xiàn)狀[J];結(jié)構(gòu)工程師;2006年05期

8 熊海貝;張俊杰;;超高層結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)概述[J];結(jié)構(gòu)工程師;2010年01期

9 羅召霞;庹先國(guó);楊劍波;余小平;馮懷升;李哲;劉明哲;;基于C~#的次聲波地質(zhì)災(zāi)害監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)[J];金屬礦山;2011年09期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 劉媛;雷濤;王哲;劉統(tǒng)玉;;光纖傳感技術(shù)在礦山安全監(jiān)測(cè)中的應(yīng)用[A];第八屆全國(guó)采礦學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2009年

本文編號(hào)：2341148