本文選題：民事法律行為　切入點：構(gòu)成　出處：《沈陽工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：民事法律行為制度是民法的核心制度之一。現(xiàn)今大陸法系各國普遍確定了法律行為制度。2017年3月15日正式頒布的《民法總則》在吸納學界主要研究成果的基礎上,對民事法律行為制度進行了諸多創(chuàng)新性的改造。如修正了民事法律行為的“合法性質(zhì)”的立法認定;修正了“民事行為”的用語,明確使用了“無效民事法律行為”、“可撤銷民事法律行為”等概念;將“乘人之�！迸c“顯失公平”合并,納入可撤銷的民事法律行為之列;增設了“虛假表示”和“第三人欺詐”的行為種類;增設了撤銷權(quán)的除斥期間及撤銷權(quán)放棄規(guī)則等,優(yōu)化了民事法律行為制度。然而,民事法律行為制度的諸多問題仍然存在著爭議,對民事法律行為制度的探究仍然具有十分重要的意義。文章首先通過對民事法律行為制度的歷史沿革、概念界定以及功能進行闡述,從宏觀上對民事法律行為制度進行理解與把握,為后續(xù)的研究奠定一定的理論基礎。文章分別從民事法律行為的構(gòu)成、民事法律行為的成立以及民事法律行為的效力三個方面具體展開對民事法律行為制度的研究。具體而言,在民事法律行為構(gòu)成方面,結(jié)合相關(guān)的理論學說對民事法律行為當事人、民事法律行為標的以及意思表示進行分析,并闡述其面臨科技的進步與發(fā)展所受到的具體的影響,在此基礎上提出對民事法律行為構(gòu)成的完善建議;在民事法律行為的成立方面,對民事法律行為的成立要件與生效要件進行分析,同時,對民事法律行為成立與生效的區(qū)分問題進行論述,并結(jié)合時代的背景,闡述民事法律行為成立的變化趨勢,在此基礎上提出完善民事法律行為成立的立法建議;在民事法律行為效力方面,分析了民事法律行為效力的類型以及禁止性規(guī)范對民事法律行為效力的影響,并闡述面臨電子商務的發(fā)展,民事法律行為效力受到的沖擊與影響,在此基礎上提出完善民事法律行為效力的立法建議。文章采用了文獻研究法、語義分析法、比較分析法等研究方法,針對科技的發(fā)展與時代的進步為民事法律行為在構(gòu)成、成立以及效力方面帶來的新變化,并結(jié)合《民法總則》等法律規(guī)定,提出具體的立法建議,期待進一步完善民事法律行為制度。
[Abstract]:Civil legal behavior system is one of the core systems of civil law.At present, the civil law system is generally established in the countries of civil law system. The General principles of Civil Law, promulgated on March 15, 2017, have carried out many innovative reforms on the basis of absorbing the main research results of academic circles.For example, the legislative recognition of "legal nature" of civil legal acts is amended, the terms of "civil acts" are amended, and the concepts of "invalid civil legal acts" and "revocable civil legal acts" are clearly used.The combination of "taking advantage of the danger of others" and "manifestly unfair" is included in the list of revocable civil legal acts; the categories of "false representation" and "third party fraud" are added; the extermination period of the right of rescission and the rules of waiver of the right of rescission are added, etc.The system of civil legal acts is optimized.However, many problems still exist in the system of civil legal acts, and it is still of great significance to explore the system of civil legal acts.Firstly, through the historical evolution, concept definition and function of the civil legal act system, this paper expounds the macroscopic understanding and grasp of the civil legal act system, and lays a certain theoretical foundation for the subsequent research.This paper studies the system of civil legal acts from three aspects: the constitution of civil legal acts, the establishment of civil legal acts and the effectiveness of civil legal acts.Specifically, in the aspect of the constitution of civil legal acts, combined with relevant theories and theories, the parties to civil legal acts, the object of civil legal acts and the expression of intention are analyzed.On the basis of the concrete influence of the progress and development of science and technology, the author puts forward some suggestions to perfect the constitution of civil legal act, the establishment of civil legal act, the establishment of civil legal act, the establishment of civil legal act, and the establishment of civil legal act.This paper analyzes the elements of the establishment and the effective elements of the civil legal act, at the same time, discusses the distinction between the establishment and the validity of the civil legal act, and expounds the changing trend of the establishment of the civil legal act in combination with the background of the times.On this basis, the author puts forward some legislative suggestions to perfect the establishment of civil legal acts, analyzes the types of civil legal acts' effectiveness and the influence of prohibited norms on the effectiveness of civil legal acts in terms of the effectiveness of civil legal acts.In the face of the development of electronic commerce, the impact and influence on the effectiveness of civil legal acts are expounded. On the basis of this, legislative suggestions to improve the effectiveness of civil legal acts are put forward.This paper adopts the methods of literature research, semantic analysis, comparative analysis and so on, aiming at the new changes brought about by the development of science and technology and the progress of the times in the aspects of constitution, establishment and effectiveness of civil legal acts.Combined with the general principles of civil law and other legal provisions, this paper puts forward specific legislative suggestions, and expects to further improve the civil legal act system.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923

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