本文選題：全球價值鏈　切入點：貧困地區(qū)　出處：《天津大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟全球化和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化加速發(fā)展的背景下,產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚以其特有的優(yōu)勢成為加快區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的有效途徑,但是當前產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚理論研究的主流大都是從發(fā)達地區(qū)出發(fā),對于貧困地區(qū)的發(fā)展尚缺乏系統(tǒng)全面的論述,而貧困地區(qū)的發(fā)展對于區(qū)域經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展更為重要。因此,從貧困地區(qū)的視角研究產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展顯得更為迫切。首先,本文運用貧困和反貧困理論、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟學理論、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚理論、全球價值鏈理論等文獻,借助波特的鉆石模型的六個維度對全球價值鏈下貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展進行分析,不同維度的分析結果顯示:借助于經(jīng)濟全球化、全球市場競爭格局大變化的機遇,在政府確立扶貧開發(fā)工作重點縣及扶貧開發(fā)試驗區(qū)、大力推動貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策支持下,加快促進貧困地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚,積極融入全球價值鏈中,是貧困地區(qū)脫貧的關鍵要素。在此之后,利用全球價值鏈與區(qū)域創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡相結合的鏈網(wǎng)互動機制理論,構建了貧困地區(qū)劣勢與產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚優(yōu)勢的耦合模型,以及闡述了貧困地區(qū)鏈網(wǎng)互動視角下產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚的分析網(wǎng)絡,并利用復雜適應系統(tǒng)理論分析了貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚與嵌入全球價值鏈互動的適用性,指出產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展模式是貧困地區(qū)實現(xiàn)跨越式發(fā)展的有效途徑。其次,以1990~2013年576個國家扶貧開發(fā)工作重點縣為例,分析了我國貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展的階段性特征,結論表明我國貧困地區(qū)在2005年以前主要以農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚為主,2005年之后工業(yè)和服務業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚有所上升,農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚有所下降。并利用縣級面板數(shù)據(jù),采用Eviews軟件對扶貧開發(fā)貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚是否作用于居民收入,以及扶貧開發(fā)貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚如何改變不同地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟差異程度等一系列重要問題進行了實證檢驗,結論表明,扶貧開發(fā)貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚對居民收入存在積極的促進作用,并且產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚的收入增長效應還呈現(xiàn)出顯著的地域差異。同時,長期內(nèi)扶貧開發(fā)貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚與居民收入之間還存在著雙向格蘭杰因果關系,即扶貧開發(fā)貧困地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚與居民收入水平的增加相互影響。用Stata軟件對全球價值鏈下產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚與貧困地區(qū)的脫貧進行了實證分析,將參與全球價值鏈從引進來和走出去兩個角度進行考慮,結果表明,參與全球價值鏈與產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚的交互作用對貧困地區(qū)的人均收入有著明顯的促進作用,可以積極解決貧困地區(qū)脫貧問題。再次,通過借鑒美國貧困地區(qū)以及貴州畢節(jié)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展的歷史經(jīng)驗,進一步對我國貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展模式進行了研究,并且以濮陽縣為代表,構建結構方程模型進行案例分析,檢驗了產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚以及全球價值鏈對于貧困地區(qū)脫貧的影響,本文針對若干產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展方向采用問卷的形式進行了調(diào)查研究。在量化分析中,一是采用ANP方法和SD軟件對研究模型進行了初步檢驗,二是采用SPSS軟件和AMOS軟件對問卷調(diào)研的數(shù)據(jù)進行了統(tǒng)計分析,結果表明,參與全球價值鏈的產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚對貧困地區(qū)脫貧的作用最強。從學習能力、交流共享能力、演進整合能力三個方面對全球價值鏈視角貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展模式的影響因素進行了分析。在此基礎上總結出我國扶貧開發(fā)貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的三種模式:基于小城鎮(zhèn)建設和特色優(yōu)勢資源的要素集聚發(fā)展模式;基于工業(yè)園區(qū)發(fā)展和龍頭企業(yè)帶動的企業(yè)集聚發(fā)展模式;基于外商投資引進來與走出去的產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展模式。最后,針對當前貧困地區(qū)全球價值鏈視角產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展過程中存在的問題,提出促進產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展的對策與建議。第一,依據(jù)波特競爭優(yōu)勢理論,確立貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略是立足協(xié)同性、突出差異化、培育成本領先、促進集中化;第二,改變貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚在全球價值鏈中的位置,鎖定低端環(huán)節(jié)價值增值,獲得高端環(huán)節(jié)進入機會,培養(yǎng)與國際買家、跨國企業(yè)的競合力量,建立有效的技術知識產(chǎn)權制度,改善契約環(huán)境;第三,提高貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚創(chuàng)新能力和開發(fā)能力,吸引外資和人力資本回流,增強大學和科研院所對貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚的研發(fā)力度;第四,通過政府或行業(yè)協(xié)會等提升貧困地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚關聯(lián)性;第五,尋求跨國企業(yè)合作伙伴,提升國際市場拓展能力;第六,因地制宜發(fā)展貧困地區(qū)特色產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and regional economic integration under the background of industrial agglomeration, with its unique advantages has become an effective way to accelerate the development of regional economy, but the current mainstream theory of industrial agglomeration research mostly from the viewpoint of the developed area, for the development of poor areas is still a lack of systematic and comprehensive exposition, and the development of poor areas for coordinated development the regional economy is more important. Therefore, from the perspective of industrial cluster development in poor areas is more urgent. Firstly, this paper uses the theory of poverty and counter poverty, development economics theory, industrial agglomeration theory, the global value chain theory of literature, analysis of the six dimensions with the help of Potter's diamond model of impoverished area industry global value the chain of development, the analysis results of different dimensions showed that with the help of economic globalization, great changes in the global market competition opportunities, in politics The government established the key counties for poverty alleviation and development and poverty alleviation and Development Zone, vigorously promote the development of poverty-stricken areas of industrial policy support, accelerate the promotion of poverty-stricken areas of the industrial agglomeration, and actively integrate into the global value chain, is the key factor of poverty in poor areas. After this, a chain network interaction mechanism combined with the theory of global value chain and regional innovation network the coupling model is designed to agglomeration advantages in poor areas and disadvantages of industry, and expounds the analysis of network industry in impoverished areas from the perspective of agglomeration chain and net interaction, and using the theory of complex adaptive system analysis of the poverty-stricken areas of industrial agglomeration and applicability of embedded in global value chain interaction, and points out that the industrial cluster development model is a effective way to realize the leapfrog development of the poor areas. Secondly, in 1990~2013 576 national key counties for poverty alleviation and development as an example, analyzes the industry of China's poverty-stricken areas The stage characteristics of agglomeration. The conclusion shows that the poverty-stricken areas in China before 2005 mainly in the agricultural industry cluster, in 2005 after the industrial and service industry agglomeration increased, agricultural industrial agglomeration decreased. And the use of county-level panel data on poverty relief and development of industrial agglomeration effects on the income and poverty alleviation by Eviews software. How to change the development of poor area industrial agglomeration degree of economic difference in different regions and a series of important problems of the empirical test results show that poverty relief and development of industrial agglomeration has a positive role in promoting the income of residents, and the income growth effect of industrial agglomeration also showed significant geographical differences. At the same time, the long term poverty alleviation in poor areas between industrial clustering and the income of residents also there is a two-way causal relationship between Grainger, namely, poverty alleviation and development in poor areas The industrial agglomeration and increase the income level of the mutual influence. The empirical analysis and the poverty area of industrial cluster in global value chain by using the software of Stata, will participate in the global value chain coming in and out from the introduction to the two point of view, the results show that the play a significant role in promoting participation in the interaction of global value chain with the industrial agglomeration's per capita income in poor areas, to actively solve the poverty problem of poor areas. Once again, by referring to the United States and Guizhou in poor areas of Bijie industrial cluster development history, further to the poverty-stricken areas in our country industry cluster development model is studied, and represented by Puyang County, construction of the case analysis of structural equation model to test the effect of industrial agglomeration, and the global value chain for the poor areas out of poverty, according to some industry development direction by using the questionnaire form Type were investigated. In the quantitative analysis, one is the preliminary test on the research model using ANP method and SD software, the two is the use of SPSS software and AMOS software on the questionnaire survey data for statistical analysis, the results show that participation in the global value chain of industrial agglomeration had strongest effect on poverty in poor areas from. Learning ability, sharing ability, factors affecting the evolution of integration in three aspects of industry from the perspective of global value chain development model of impoverished areas is analyzed. On the basis of summing up the three modes of China's poverty alleviation and development in poor areas of Industrial Development: elements of the construction of small towns and the characteristics and advantages of the cluster development model based on resource development; model of enterprise development and promote industrial park industrial cluster based on foreign investment; bringing in and going out of the industrial cluster development mode based on. Finally, in view of the current The existence of global value chain from the perspective of industrial cluster development in poor areas in the process of problem, put forward countermeasures and suggestions of promoting the development of industrial agglomeration. First, based on Potter's theory of competitive advantage, establish the poverty-stricken areas of industrial agglomeration development strategy is based on the collaboration, highlighting differences, cultivating leading cost, promote the centralized; second, changes in poverty area industry cluster in the global value chain position, lock the low-end part of the value added, get into the high-end part of the opportunity, culture and international buyers, multinational enterprise competition strength, establish technology intellectual property system effectively, improve the environment of contract; third, improve the ability of innovation and development in poor areas of industrial agglomeration, attracting foreign investment and human capital return. Increase research universities and research institutes in the poverty-stricken area of industrial agglomeration; fourth, by the government or industry associations in poor areas of industrial upgrade Fifth, seek transnational enterprise partners, enhance the ability of international market expansion, and sixth, develop the characteristic industrial agglomeration in poor areas according to local conditions.

【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F113.9

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