本文關(guān)鍵詞：云南省稻田養(yǎng)魚產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展對策研究　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用,越來越多的化肥、農(nóng)藥投入到農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境逐步惡化,農(nóng)殘現(xiàn)象大量出現(xiàn),對人類身體健康產(chǎn)生了極大的危害。這時,綠色、安全、健康、營養(yǎng)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。作為一種傳統(tǒng)生態(tài)種養(yǎng)模式,稻田養(yǎng)魚能大量減少農(nóng)藥、化肥等化學(xué)藥劑的施用,不但有效保護(hù)了農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境,使得稻田產(chǎn)出的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品也相對安全,還能最大限度地利用稻田,促進(jìn)稻谷穩(wěn)產(chǎn)增產(chǎn),對農(nóng)民增收、農(nóng)業(yè)與環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展具有非同一般的意義。本文首先對實(shí)施稻田養(yǎng)魚的背景及意義進(jìn)行了描述,結(jié)合國內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者對稻田養(yǎng)魚的研究綜述,探討了稻田養(yǎng)魚的概念、能量轉(zhuǎn)化原理及經(jīng)濟(jì)、生態(tài)、社會效益。接著,通過對云南省稻田養(yǎng)魚發(fā)展歷史的研究,指出云南省具有發(fā)展稻田養(yǎng)魚產(chǎn)業(yè)得天獨(dú)厚的自然與資源條件。繼而通過與全國稻田養(yǎng)魚發(fā)達(dá)省份的綜合比較分析、云南省內(nèi)各區(qū)域橫向比較分析以及近年來云南省稻田養(yǎng)魚在時間軸上的縱向比較分析,得出云南省稻田養(yǎng)魚產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展中存在的問題：一是政府重視程度不夠,資金投入不足；二是養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)不規(guī)范,工程化水平低下；三是地區(qū)發(fā)展差異大,產(chǎn)業(yè)化程度不高；四是魚種質(zhì)量不高,養(yǎng)殖品種較為單一；五是農(nóng)民商品意識淡薄,銷售渠道不暢。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文對應(yīng)提出了云南省發(fā)展稻田養(yǎng)魚產(chǎn)業(yè)的對策建議,并將其歸納為“提高重視,加強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo),增加投入；加強(qiáng)管理,依靠科技,推進(jìn)工程；統(tǒng)籌兼顧,重點(diǎn)扶持,形成規(guī)模；因地制宜,自育魚苗,豐富品種：轉(zhuǎn)變觀念,緊跟需求,打造品牌”。最后,筆者在結(jié)語部分指出了本文的創(chuàng)新之處與不足之處,并提出了應(yīng)大力發(fā)展綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)的觀點(diǎn),同時也對云南省如何發(fā)展生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)以及如何促進(jìn)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)方式的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展等做出展望。
[Abstract]:With the extensive application of modern agricultural production technology, more and more chemical fertilizers and pesticides have been put into agricultural production, the agricultural ecological environment has gradually deteriorated, and a large number of agricultural residues have emerged. At this time, green, safe, healthy and nutritious agricultural products came into being. As a traditional ecological breeding model, fish farming in rice fields can greatly reduce pesticides. The application of chemical chemicals, such as chemical fertilizers, not only effectively protects the agricultural ecological environment, makes the agricultural products produced in the paddy field relatively safe, but also maximizes the utilization of the rice field, promotes the rice yield to increase steadily, and increases the farmers' income. The coordinated development of agriculture and environment has special significance. Firstly, this paper describes the background and significance of fish farming in rice field, and summarizes the research on fish culture in rice field combined with experts and scholars at home and abroad. The concept, principle of energy conversion and economic, ecological and social benefits of fish culture in paddy field were discussed. Then, the development history of fish culture in rice field in Yunnan Province was studied. It is pointed out that Yunnan Province has the unique natural and resource conditions for the development of fish farming industry in rice field, and then through the comprehensive comparative analysis with the developed provinces of paddy field fish culture in China. The horizontal comparative analysis of different regions in Yunnan Province and the longitudinal comparative analysis on the time axis of fish culture in Yunnan rice field in recent years, the problems existing in the development of fish culture industry in Yunnan rice field are obtained: first, the government does not pay enough attention to the development of fish culture industry in rice paddy field of Yunnan Province. Insufficient capital investment; Second, the breeding technology is not standardized, the engineering level is low; Third, the regional development difference is big, the industrialization degree is not high; Fourth, the quality of fish species is not high, breeding varieties are relatively single; On the basis of this, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of developing the fish farming industry in rice field in Yunnan Province, and concludes it as "pay more attention to, strengthen the leadership and increase the input;" Strengthen management, rely on science and technology, promote the project; Overall planning, key support, formation of scale; According to local conditions, breeding fish fry, rich varieties: change ideas, follow demand, build brand. Finally, the author points out the innovation and deficiency of this article in the conclusion part. It also puts forward the viewpoint that green economy and ecological agriculture should be developed energetically. It also looks forward to how to develop ecological agriculture and how to promote the harmonious development of ecological agriculture and traditional agriculture in Yunnan Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F327

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本文編號：1358120