【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)是立國之本,農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展是一個關(guān)系到國計民生的大問題,然而擁有一套系統(tǒng)而完備的農(nóng)業(yè)保險體系,可以對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定起到有效地保駕護航的作用,這不僅單純地保護著農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展,更對社會的穩(wěn)定,甚至政治經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展發(fā)揮著不可磨滅的作用。多年來,國內(nèi)外有眾多學(xué)者從多角度展開對農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度的研究,國外學(xué)者從宏觀和微觀層面對農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度分別進行了研究。而國內(nèi)學(xué)者也從我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險的發(fā)展模式、制度選擇和農(nóng)業(yè)保險立法等方面對我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險的發(fā)展展開了研究。從我國開展農(nóng)業(yè)保險以來,很多問題擺在我們面前,經(jīng)過國家多年來的探索與研究,終于在2004年做出了,我國要開展政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險的重大決議,這成為了我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險發(fā)展史上不可小覷的一筆,這一筆將成為我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險發(fā)展的重要轉(zhuǎn)折點。雖然經(jīng)過幾年來的試點運行,政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險在新的形勢下的發(fā)展取得了一定的成績,但是我們也不得不承認,這其中也暴露了一些我國在發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)保險過程中所忽視的一些問題。 本文著眼于我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度的發(fā)展歷程,縱觀我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險發(fā)展史,深入發(fā)掘現(xiàn)階段我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險發(fā)展存在的問題。同時,通過對發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家開展的農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度的發(fā)展過程進行橫向?qū)Ρ?在對比中我們得出美國的政策模式更加適合我國的國情,而法國由于較高的國民教育程度和保險意識與我國的基本情況存在這一些差異,對此我們并不考慮借鑒,因此在積極吸取他國先進經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上,要合理選擇適合本國發(fā)展的先進經(jīng)驗,在考慮到本國國情的基礎(chǔ)上恰當?shù)丶右越梃b。最后,作者大膽展望了我國未來農(nóng)業(yè)保險的發(fā)展趨勢,提出了政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險的經(jīng)營模式,并主要從四大方面考慮了未來我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度的建設(shè),即：政府的財政補貼以及稅收優(yōu)惠政策方面、繼續(xù)加強完善農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度的法律法規(guī)、加快建立巨災(zāi)風險制度以及農(nóng)業(yè)保險的再保險制度以及建立有中國特色的區(qū)域性農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度。本文作者誠摯地希望文中所提觀點能夠為發(fā)展我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度所用,盡快將一套適合我國國情的農(nóng)業(yè)保險制度服務(wù)到廣大農(nóng)民群眾,真正讓農(nóng)民群眾切實體會到國家強大了,人民生活水平提高了,生活有保障了,幸福指數(shù)提高了。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of the country, and the development of agriculture is a major problem related to the national economy and the people's livelihood. However, having a systematic and complete agricultural insurance system can effectively protect the stability of agricultural production. This not only protects the development of agriculture, but also plays an indelible role in social stability and even the development of political economy. For many years, many scholars at home and abroad have carried out research on agricultural insurance system from various angles, and foreign scholars have studied agricultural insurance system from macro and micro levels respectively. Meanwhile, domestic scholars have also studied the development of agricultural insurance in China from the aspects of development mode, system choice and legislation of agricultural insurance. Since the development of agricultural insurance in China, many problems have been put before us. After many years of exploration and research by the country, it was finally made in 2004. Our country will launch a major resolution on policy-oriented agricultural insurance. This has become an important turning point in the development of agricultural insurance in China. Although the development of policy-oriented agricultural insurance has made some achievements in the new situation after several years of pilot operation, we still have to admit that This also exposed some problems that our country ignored in the process of developing agricultural insurance. This paper focuses on the development process of agricultural insurance system in China, looks at the development history of agricultural insurance in China, and explores the problems existing in the development of agricultural insurance in China at this stage. At the same time, through the horizontal comparison of the development process of agricultural insurance system in developed and developing countries, we draw a conclusion that the policy model of the United States is more suitable for the national conditions of our country. However, because of the differences between France's higher national education level and insurance awareness and the basic situation of our country, we do not consider drawing lessons from them, so we are actively absorbing the advanced experience of other countries. We should rationally choose the advanced experience suitable for our country's development and draw lessons from it on the basis of considering our national conditions. Finally, the author boldly looks forward to the development trend of China's future agricultural insurance, puts forward the management mode of policy-oriented agricultural insurance, and mainly considers the construction of future agricultural insurance system in China from four aspects. That is, the government's financial subsidies and preferential tax policies continue to strengthen laws and regulations to improve the agricultural insurance system. We should speed up the establishment of catastrophe risk system, the reinsurance system of agricultural insurance and the establishment of regional agricultural insurance system with Chinese characteristics. The author sincerely hopes that the views put forward in this paper can be used for the development of China's agricultural insurance system, and that a set of agricultural insurance systems suitable for China's national conditions will be served to the broad masses of farmers as soon as possible, so that the peasants can truly realize that the country is strong. The standard of living of the people has been improved, life has been guaranteed, and the happiness index has been raised.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F842.66

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