【摘要】：新中國成立以來,中國人口老齡化的速度不斷加快,而農(nóng)村地區(qū)老齡人口所占的比重更是大于城市,所以其人口老齡化問題尤其嚴(yán)重。但在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,中國社會(huì)保障制度的中心一直在城市,至于廣大農(nóng)村的老年人養(yǎng)老則始終主要依靠家庭養(yǎng)老模式,這對(duì)農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保障體系建設(shè)提出了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。由于在舊的農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度下,其保障水平相對(duì)低下,往往難以真正地發(fā)揮其應(yīng)有的保障作用。在此背景下,新型的農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度開始建立和實(shí)施。早在2009-2010年間,福建省通過選擇10%的縣(市、區(qū))作為試點(diǎn),開展養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試驗(yàn),隨后于2012年全省基本上實(shí)現(xiàn)了新農(nóng)保的全覆蓋。本文研究的主要目的在于結(jié)合當(dāng)前福建省農(nóng)村人口老齡化日益嚴(yán)重的形勢(shì),探索新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的建立和完善。文章的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)方面:其一,文章運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析法闡述新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的概念、基本功能及相關(guān)的理論依據(jù)(即收入再分配理論和政府父愛主義理論);其二,對(duì)福建省人口老齡化的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了定性分析,并從時(shí)序資料和截面資料入手,通過建立灰色預(yù)測(cè)GM(1,1)模型,對(duì)福建省農(nóng)村老年人口進(jìn)行定量預(yù)測(cè),從中分析福建省農(nóng)村人口老齡化的現(xiàn)狀及其今后的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),并由此明確了人口老齡化對(duì)新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的影響情況;其三,文章運(yùn)用規(guī)范分析法闡述中國農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)制度的歷史沿革和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,并采用比較分析法闡釋新舊農(nóng)保的不同之處及新農(nóng)保在資金籌集、養(yǎng)老金待遇和制度可持續(xù)性等方面的優(yōu)越性;其四,文章依據(jù)最新的人口普查和相關(guān)的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料,采用定量分析法,經(jīng)分析指出在當(dāng)前人口老齡化的趨勢(shì)下,福建省的新型養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)存在著養(yǎng)老金待遇低、保障水平弱,集體補(bǔ)貼未能有效落實(shí),農(nóng)保基金征、管分開,基金保值、增值效果不佳,基金管理層次低和缺乏專業(yè)人才等問題;其五,采用因素分析法,從制度、人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、法律等五個(gè)方面展開分析,并得出制約福建省新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展的主要因素,同時(shí)還通過回歸預(yù)測(cè)模型,對(duì)福建省財(cái)政對(duì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的支持能力進(jìn)行定量分析;其六,文章結(jié)合上述五個(gè)主要影響因素,提出解決福建省人口老齡化趨勢(shì)下完善新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的對(duì)策,即應(yīng)完善新農(nóng)�；鸸芾磉\(yùn)營機(jī)制、建立健全新農(nóng)保監(jiān)管體制、加大政府的財(cái)政投入力度、調(diào)整養(yǎng)老金的待遇水平、提高農(nóng)民的參保意識(shí)和加快新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)相關(guān)立法,等等。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the aging of the population in China has been accelerating, and the proportion of the aged population in rural areas is larger than that in the cities, so the aging problem of the population is especially serious. But in real life, the center of China's social security system has been in the city, as for the majority of rural elderly pension is always dependent on the family pension model, which has put forward a huge challenge to the construction of rural old-age security system. Under the old rural old-age insurance system, its security level is relatively low, it is often difficult to really play its due protection role. In this context, the new rural social endowment insurance system began to establish and implement. As early as 2009-2010, Fujian Province selected 10% of counties (cities and districts) as the pilot to carry out pension insurance trial, and then in 2012, the province basically realized the full coverage of new rural insurance. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the establishment and perfection of the new rural old-age insurance system according to the situation of the aging of the rural population in Fujian Province. The main research contents of this paper include the following aspects: firstly, the paper uses the literature analysis method to expound the concept of new rural old-age insurance. The basic function and related theoretical basis (i.e. income redistribution theory and government patriarchal theory); secondly, the qualitative analysis of the current situation of population aging in Fujian Province, and starting with time series data and cross-section data, Through the establishment of grey prediction GM (1 / 1) model, this paper makes a quantitative prediction of the rural elderly population in Fujian Province, and analyzes the present situation of the aging of the rural population in Fujian Province and its future development trend. From this, the influence of the aging population on the new rural social endowment insurance is clarified. Thirdly, the article uses the normative analysis method to explain the historical evolution and development status of the agricultural insurance system in China. Using comparative analysis to explain the differences between the old and the new rural insurance, and the advantages of the new rural insurance in the aspects of fund raising, pension treatment and system sustainability. Fourth, the article based on the latest population census and related statistical data, Using the quantitative analysis method, it is pointed out that under the current trend of aging population, the new pension insurance in Fujian Province has low pension treatment, weak security level, the collective subsidy cannot be effectively implemented, the rural insurance fund is collected, and the management is separated. The fund maintains value, increases the value effect is not good, the fund management level is low and lacks the specialized personnel and so on; fifthly, uses the factor analysis method, from the system, the population, the economy, the culture, the law and so on five aspects carries on the analysis, The main factors restricting the development of new rural social endowment insurance in Fujian Province are obtained. At the same time, through regression prediction model, the financial support ability of Fujian Province to endowment insurance is quantitatively analyzed. Combined with the above five main influencing factors, the paper puts forward the countermeasures to improve the new rural social endowment insurance under the trend of population aging in Fujian Province, that is, to perfect the management and operation mechanism of the new rural insurance fund, and to establish and perfect the supervision system of the new rural insurance. Increase the government's financial input, adjust the level of pension treatment, improve farmers' awareness of participating in the insurance and speed up the new rural old-age insurance related legislation, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F323.89;F842.67

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本文編號(hào)：2267053