本文選題：人身保險 + 市場結(jié)構(gòu)�。� 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放30多年,隨著居民收入水平的提高和消費結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,中國人身保險得以快速發(fā)展,人身保險市場的保費規(guī)模在2010年位居全球第五,發(fā)展速度開創(chuàng)了世界保險史的一大奇跡。但近兩年我國人身保險市場的發(fā)展不僅減緩,部分年度甚至出現(xiàn)了負(fù)增長,行業(yè)處于一個轉(zhuǎn)型升級期,亟待對人身保險業(yè)的發(fā)展問題進(jìn)行思考和探索。 首先,從市場集中度來看。我國人身保險市場的集中度過高,市場競爭程度較低,寡頭或壟斷的現(xiàn)象對行業(yè)市場的發(fā)展有著嚴(yán)重桎梏。同時,廣袤的地域差異上各地區(qū)集中度發(fā)展程度差異明顯,監(jiān)管難以對整個市場進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一調(diào)控,無論從實施難度上還是從實施效果上都不會理想。 其次,從市場背景來看。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展程度的提高與保險市場的發(fā)展有著明顯的關(guān)聯(lián)性,但在我國居民生活水平不斷提高的同時,保險市場的發(fā)展卻跟不上進(jìn)步的節(jié)奏。保險消費的密度和深度依然較低,保險市場也處于“從購買需求上是買方市場,從產(chǎn)品提供上是賣方市場”的矛盾境地。在近兩年的發(fā)展中,人身保險市場更是在保費收入環(huán)比下降的基礎(chǔ)之上,暴露出了許多的問題。 最后,從市場結(jié)構(gòu)來看。歷經(jīng)三十多年的恢復(fù)經(jīng)營與十多年的快速發(fā)展,我國人身保險市場以粗放式發(fā)展模式,對整個市場的建設(shè)有著直觀的影響。保險公司以業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模以及市場份額為導(dǎo)向進(jìn)行的發(fā)展,在飛速發(fā)展的人身保險業(yè)的數(shù)字指標(biāo)下,也造成了許多的隱患和弊端。從而市場內(nèi)經(jīng)營主體、業(yè)務(wù)渠道、保險產(chǎn)品等結(jié)構(gòu)組成部分,都在粗放式的影響下有著明顯結(jié)構(gòu)失衡和本質(zhì)偏離。 本文運用理論研究、比較研究、歷史研究相結(jié)合的方法,基于市場結(jié)構(gòu)與市場集中度的概念,運用SCP分析模型對我國人身保險市場的市場結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了一定程度的分析研究。首先在理論上確立了行業(yè)市場結(jié)構(gòu)與市場集中度作為衡量我國人身保險市場現(xiàn)狀的指標(biāo),再運用SCP的分析模型結(jié)構(gòu)對我國人身保險市場發(fā)展進(jìn)行分析。然后根據(jù)市場結(jié)構(gòu)和集中度的指標(biāo)對人身保險市場的情況進(jìn)行了數(shù)據(jù)的搜集和整理,并總結(jié)了目前所存在的問題。隨后同樣利用SCP分析模型,根據(jù)我國人身保險市場目前所存在的問題進(jìn)行了原因分析。最后總結(jié)上文提出了相應(yīng)優(yōu)化發(fā)展建議。 研究內(nèi)容按照我國人身保險市場的現(xiàn)狀,根據(jù)市場分析方法以發(fā)展背景—發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀—產(chǎn)生原因—解決建議的邏輯順序分為四個章節(jié)。 第一章主要講述我國人身保險市場的發(fā)展歷程以及本文的理論支持。借鑒參考文獻(xiàn),本文將我國人身保險市場的發(fā)展歷程分為四個階段：初期發(fā)展階段、個人壽險業(yè)務(wù)的起步和快速發(fā)展階段、市場體系的初步構(gòu)建階段以及調(diào)整發(fā)展和轉(zhuǎn)型階段。四個階段的人身保險市場體現(xiàn)了不同的特點,其市場結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)容(經(jīng)營主體、渠道、產(chǎn)品)也在章節(jié)中有所總結(jié)。第二節(jié)部分對本文的理論支持加以了介紹,主要內(nèi)容包括本文的SCP分析模型、市場結(jié)構(gòu)概念以及市場集中度指標(biāo)概念與測算方法。SCP模型作為本文研究主要分析模型框架,貫穿始終,在本文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)搭建中都采用此分析方法；市場結(jié)構(gòu)及集中度概念為本文數(shù)據(jù)分析支撐的界定與指標(biāo),是本文的參考基礎(chǔ)。 第二章對我國人身保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了介紹,分為我國總體人身保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀以及地域化人身保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)兩個方面。根據(jù)對我國總體人身保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)據(jù)分析所呈現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)狀,整理得出行業(yè)市場結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)的失衡狀態(tài)以及各地域市場集中度不同兩個情況。于是本文根據(jù)市場集中度不同梯度指標(biāo)選取了市場結(jié)構(gòu)類型的三個地域市場進(jìn)行了具體的分析,包括了上海、湖北、貴州三地地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)背景、市場集中度以及市場結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo)。并在第二章最后對人身保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)的總體問題及地域化差異問題進(jìn)行了小結(jié),為后續(xù)兩章作了鋪墊。 第三章主要分析了我國人身保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀產(chǎn)生的原因,主要從市場結(jié)構(gòu)的三個方面進(jìn)行分述：市場環(huán)境、經(jīng)營主體行為以及市場產(chǎn)品。在市場環(huán)境層面,主要提及到的原因包括市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差異、市場保險意識差異；在經(jīng)營主體的市場行為方面,主要在于經(jīng)營主體以業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模與保費市場份額為導(dǎo)向的競爭策略所產(chǎn)生的影響,以及在此基礎(chǔ)上所造成的業(yè)務(wù)種類結(jié)構(gòu)失衡的現(xiàn)象；在市場產(chǎn)品層面的原因,主要提到了產(chǎn)品種類結(jié)構(gòu)失衡這一現(xiàn)象,其主要具象化表現(xiàn)在于供給的導(dǎo)向型與產(chǎn)品短期行為以及產(chǎn)品設(shè)計投放偏向。 第四章主要針對前面三張所作的背景鋪墊、理論介紹、現(xiàn)狀分析、原因分析的基礎(chǔ)之上,作出了對我國人身保險市場目前的優(yōu)化發(fā)展建議,也是按照SCP分析模型以及市場結(jié)構(gòu)、市場集中度的模式進(jìn)行分類闡述。其內(nèi)容主要包括：降低市場集中度、規(guī)范市場環(huán)境、調(diào)整產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)化業(yè)務(wù)渠道以及針對我國人身保險市場存在的地域化差異問題提出的應(yīng)對方案。 本文可能的創(chuàng)新有以下幾點： (1)研究角度的創(chuàng)新。國內(nèi)現(xiàn)有關(guān)于人身保險市場的研究,多從市場的供給方、監(jiān)管、產(chǎn)品以及中介方面進(jìn)行,對整個市場結(jié)構(gòu)體系的整體研究并沒有很多。本文嘗試?yán)肧CP分析模型對行業(yè)市場結(jié)構(gòu)的研究方法,進(jìn)行對整個市場的供需及渠道、背景各個方面進(jìn)行了一定程度的分析。 (2)分析模型的創(chuàng)新。SCP分析模型作為行業(yè)市場結(jié)構(gòu)的分析框架,適用于各個行業(yè),但本文認(rèn)為其適用度高的同時專業(yè)性便有一定程度的弱化。本文將SCP原有模型框架進(jìn)行了修改和調(diào)整,以求適用于我國人身保險市場,能夠盡大程度地體現(xiàn)市場結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,并結(jié)合問題及原因提出有效的優(yōu)化發(fā)展的建議。 (3)研究內(nèi)容的創(chuàng)新。國內(nèi)針對我國人身保險市場的研究,主要從整個宏觀市場進(jìn)行分析和整理,或者僅針對于某個省份進(jìn)行研究。本文在對我國人身保險市場發(fā)展歷史和現(xiàn)狀的過后,引入市場集中度的理論,將各個省市地區(qū)的集中度進(jìn)行了梯度化。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了人身保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)的地域化差異概念,分析集中度處于各梯度下的代表性地區(qū)的市場情況,作為我國人身保險市場發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的一個佐證。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening - up for more than 30 years , with the improvement of the income level and the change of consumption structure , China ' s personal insurance has been rapidly developed , the insurance premium scale of the personal insurance market has opened up a miracle of the world insurance history in 2010 . But in recent two years , the development of personal insurance market has not only slowed down , but some years have even appeared negative growth , and the industry is in a transition and upgrade period , and it is urgent to think about and explore the development of personal insurance industry .

First , from the market concentration degree , the concentration of personal insurance market in our country is high , the market competition is low , oligopolistic or monopoly phenomenon has serious shackles to the development of the industry market . At the same time , there is a clear difference in the degree of concentration development in different regions in the vast geographical difference , and it is difficult to regulate and regulate the whole market .

Secondly , from the market background , the improvement of the economic development is related to the development of the insurance market , but at the same time , the development of insurance market can ' t keep pace with the pace of progress .

Finally , from the market structure , after more than 30 years of recovery operation and rapid development for more than ten years , the personal insurance market of our country has an intuitive influence on the construction of the whole market .

Based on the concept of market structure and market concentration , this paper analyzes the market structure of our country ' s personal insurance market based on the concept of market structure and market concentration .

According to the present situation of the personal insurance market in our country , according to the market analysis method to develop the background - development status quo - generating reason - solving the logic sequence of the suggestion is divided into four chapters .

Chapter One focuses on the development course of personal insurance market in China and the theoretical support in this paper . In this paper , the development course of personal insurance market in China is divided into four stages : initial stage of development , initial stage of personal life insurance business , stage of rapid development , initial construction stage of market system and adjustment and development and transformation stage .
The concept of market structure and concentration is the definition and index of data analysis support in this paper , which is the reference basis of this paper .

The second chapter introduces the present situation of the personal insurance market structure of our country , which is divided into two aspects : the present situation of the general personal insurance market structure and the structure of the regionalized personal insurance market . According to the present situation of the analysis of the market structure of the general personal insurance market in China , the paper concludes that the unbalanced state of the market structure and the concentration degree of each region are different . In the second chapter , the author selects three regional markets of the market structure type , including the economic background , the market concentration and the market structure index .

The third chapter mainly analyzes the causes of the present situation of personal insurance market structure in our country , which mainly includes three aspects of market structure : market environment , business subject behavior and market product .
In the aspect of the market behavior of the operating subject , it is mainly about the influence of the operating subject on the competition strategy based on the market share of the premium and the market share of the premium , as well as the phenomenon of the imbalance of the type structure of the business .
At the product level of the market , the phenomenon of structural imbalance of the product category is mainly mentioned , and its main objectification is that the supply is biased towards the short - term behavior of the product and product design .

The fourth chapter mainly focuses on the background spreading , theoretical introduction , present situation analysis and reason analysis of the previous three , and makes the suggestions for the current optimization and development of the personal insurance market in China . It also includes the following : lowering the concentration of the market , regulating the market environment , adjusting the product structure , optimizing the business channel and aiming at the problem of regional differences existing in the personal insurance market of our country .

Possible innovations in this article are as follows :

( 1 ) The research on the research angle has not been carried out from the market supply , supervision , product and intermediary .

( 2 ) The innovation of the analytical model . The SCP analysis model is used as the analysis frame of the industry market structure , which is applicable to all industries , but this paper considers that the applicability of the SCP has some degree of weakening while its application is high . In this paper , the original model frame of SCP is modified and adjusted so as to be suitable for the personal insurance market of our country , which can reflect the development of the market structure to a great extent , and put forward the suggestion of effective optimization development in combination with the problems and reasons .

( 3 ) To study the innovation of the content . The domestic research on the personal insurance market in China is mainly analyzed and collated from the whole macro market , or only for a province . After the development history and the present situation of the personal insurance market in our country , the concentration degree of each province and city is graded . On this basis , the author puts forward the concept of regional difference of the structure of personal insurance market , analyzes the market situation of the representative area under each gradient , and serves as a supporting evidence for the development of personal insurance market in our country .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.62

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