本文選題：種植業(yè)保險　切入點：補貼制度　出處：《西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：種植業(yè)是農(nóng)業(yè)的基礎(chǔ),種植業(yè)保險是農(nóng)業(yè)保險中最重要的業(yè)務(wù)類別,也是最具特點的保險業(yè)務(wù)之一。不同于發(fā)達國家運用種植業(yè)保險實現(xiàn)國民福利增長的目標,發(fā)展中國家開展種植業(yè)保險的目的大多局限在分散農(nóng)業(yè)風險,提高農(nóng)民種田積極性和實現(xiàn)糧食供給安全保障。種植業(yè)保險在世界范圍內(nèi)都是最容易獲得各級政府財政支持的險種,我國中央財政扶持的政策性種植業(yè)保險是從2007年開始試點推廣的,迄今種植業(yè)保險的保費規(guī)模仍然占我國農(nóng)業(yè)保險保費總收入的75%以上。國家大力支持種植業(yè)保險的發(fā)展,力求盡快建立市場化的種植業(yè)風險保障體制,完善農(nóng)村金融服務(wù)體系。2007年以來,種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展迅速,已經(jīng)取得了許多成效,保費規(guī)模、覆蓋面積和保障水平逐年增加,補貼制度更加完善,涉農(nóng)保險公司的經(jīng)營效率不斷提高,但是發(fā)展中也存在不少問題。本文通過研究種植業(yè)保險在風險特征、經(jīng)營制度及技術(shù)等方面的特殊性,針對目前種植業(yè)保險存在的諸多問題,提出了一系列的政策建議。 為了系統(tǒng)研究我國種植業(yè)保險的發(fā)展成效及問題,筆者分析了國內(nèi)外相關(guān)科研文獻和我國近幾年來的種植業(yè)保險數(shù)據(jù),從承保主體、承保能力和政策扶持等方面詳細論述了種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展中已經(jīng)取得的成績,也從經(jīng)營數(shù)據(jù)和政策落實程度的分析中發(fā)現(xiàn)了種植業(yè)保險在近幾年輝煌發(fā)展中存在的一些不足,例如保障水平和補償能力有待提高、補貼機制設(shè)計和落實存在缺陷、損害投保農(nóng)戶利益的事件經(jīng)常發(fā)生等。最后,通過分析數(shù)據(jù),發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,論文立足于我國種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展的國情,有針對性地提出了促進我國種植業(yè)保險進一步發(fā)展的幾條政策建議,力求我國的種植業(yè)保險能在規(guī)模上和質(zhì)量上都達到世界領(lǐng)先水平。 論文共分為五章,各章主要研究內(nèi)容和主要觀點綜述如下： 第一是導(dǎo)論,主要介紹和分析了本文的選題背景、研究意義,國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的研究現(xiàn)狀,論文的研究方法,研究的主要特色和不足。在對國內(nèi)外文獻進行整理的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了種植業(yè)保險的性質(zhì)、發(fā)展過程中存在的普遍問題和種植業(yè)保險的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。 第二章是我國種植業(yè)保險的概述和發(fā)展成效分析,共分為三小節(jié)。第一節(jié)是對種植業(yè)保險的概述,其中包括了概念、面臨的承保風險和補貼產(chǎn)品的類別；第二小節(jié)是對種植業(yè)保險的經(jīng)營數(shù)據(jù)分析,主要從保費規(guī)模、承保覆蓋面積和補貼程度等方面進行了統(tǒng)計描述。第三小節(jié)是種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展成效分析,主要從保費規(guī)模、覆蓋面積、保障水平、費率厘定、涉農(nóng)保險公司的經(jīng)營、財政補貼績效評估和特色種植業(yè)保險試點等方面總結(jié)分析了我國種植業(yè)保險的強勁發(fā)展勢頭和已經(jīng)取得的發(fā)展成就。 第三章是我國種植業(yè)保險存在的問題分析。通過對現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展數(shù)據(jù)的分析,本文認為我國種植業(yè)保險存在的主要問題有：保險覆蓋面有限,風險保障水平和對農(nóng)民的補償作用有限；保費補貼績效和補貼機制有待完善；保險公司經(jīng)營不規(guī)范,農(nóng)民權(quán)益保障不足；種植業(yè)保險費率厘定不合理；支持種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展的相關(guān)配套政策不完善,監(jiān)督力度不夠等。 第四章重點研究了國外種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗,主要對世界三大種植業(yè)保險大國—美國、日本和加拿大的種植業(yè)保險特點及發(fā)展經(jīng)驗進行了分析總結(jié),以便為我國種植業(yè)保險制度完善和經(jīng)營技術(shù)創(chuàng)新提供經(jīng)營借鑒。研究認為,國外種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展采取的適度強制投保、多元化的補貼方式和完善的巨災(zāi)風險分散體系等值得我國借鑒。 第五章是促進我國種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展的對策建議。本章以第三章的分析論證為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合目前我國種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實情況和存在的問題,有針對性地提出了促進我國種植業(yè)保險進一步發(fā)展的對策建議。主要建議包括：提高種植業(yè)保險的保障水平,改善保險機構(gòu)的服務(wù)水平和加大保險公司的監(jiān)督管理,完善補貼制度和相關(guān)配套政策,劃分合適的風險區(qū)和按區(qū)域厘定保險費率,加強對財政補貼種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展的效果評估,建立種植業(yè)保險巨災(zāi)風險分散轉(zhuǎn)移機制等。 論文研究的主要特色和創(chuàng)新之處在于： 第一,論文較全面地分析總結(jié)了2007年至2013年7年間我國種植業(yè)保險的發(fā)展成效和問題。目前國內(nèi)學(xué)者在研究政策性種植業(yè)保險供給與需求的文獻不少,研究地域發(fā)展特色和問題的文獻也逐漸增多,但是對于種植業(yè)保險最新發(fā)展成效的分析總結(jié)卻不多。近幾年種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展迅速,不僅僅在覆蓋面積、保障水平等方面每年都有大幅增長,就是國家扶持政策方面變動幅度也非常大。本文以最新數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),從保費規(guī)模、覆蓋面積、保障水平、費率厘定、涉農(nóng)保險公司的經(jīng)營、財政補貼績效評估和特色種植業(yè)保險試點等方面詳細闡述了種植業(yè)保險的發(fā)展成效,具有一定的研究特色。 第二,論文在對我國種植業(yè)保險保費補貼績效分析方面,從對農(nóng)戶的影響和保險公司的效率角度,探討了種植業(yè)保險保費補貼績效的不足。并以此為基礎(chǔ)提出了完善財政補貼制度、改進補貼方式的具體建議。 第三,以歷年頒布的種植業(yè)保險發(fā)展政策條款為關(guān)注點,逐項分析每年政策變更的優(yōu)缺點和改進方向。特別是在如何提高種植業(yè)保險的保障水平方面,論文中提供了二個可行的途徑：創(chuàng)新補貼機制以提高保障水平、創(chuàng)新種植業(yè)保險產(chǎn)品以提高保障水平。該對策具有一定的創(chuàng)新性和應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:Planting industry is the foundation of agriculture, crop insurance is the most important agricultural insurance in the business category, is one of the most characteristic of the insurance business. Different from the developed countries to use crop insurance to achieve national welfare growth targets, developing countries planting insurance purposes are limited in the scattered agricultural risk, improve farmers' enthusiasm and implementation of food supply security. Crop insurance in the world are the most readily available at all levels of government financial support of the insurance policy, the central financial support of China's crop insurance is the initial pilot promotion from 2007 so far, crop insurance premium scale is still our country agricultural insurance premiums accounted for more than 75% of total revenue. The state vigorously support the development of crop insurance, and strive to establish a market-oriented farming risk protection system as soon as possible, improve the rural financial service system in.2007 To the development of planting industry insurance rapidly, has made many achievements, the premium scale, coverage and security level increased year by year, the agricultural insurance subsidy system more perfect, the company's operating efficiency continues to improve, but there are also many problems in the development. Through the research on crop insurance risk characteristics, special management system and technology etc. the problems of the planting industry insurance, puts forward a series of policy suggestions.
In order to study the effect of the development of the system of China's crop insurance and problems, the author analyzes the relevant research literature at home and abroad and China's crop insurance data in recent years, from the underwriter, underwriting capacity and policy support and other aspects of detail has been planting insurance development achievements, also from the business data and the implementation of the policy found some deficiencies in the glorious development in recent years in crop insurance level analysis, such as the level of protection and compensation ability needs to be improved, and the implementation of the subsidy mechanism design defects, damage to the interests of the insured farmers happen frequently. Finally, found the problem through the analysis of data, based on the planting industry the development of insurance in our country, puts forward several policy recommendations to promote China's crop insurance for further development, and strive to China's crop insurance in scale And quality to the world's leading level.
The paper is divided into five chapters, and the main contents and main views of each chapter are summarized as follows:
The first is the introduction, mainly introduces and analyzes the research background, research significance, research status at home and abroad, the research methods, the main features of the study and shortcomings. Based on consolidation of domestic and foreign literature, expounds the nature of planting industry insurance, technology innovation and development process of the existence of common problems and crop insurance.
The second chapter is the analysis of development and effectiveness of crop insurance in our country, is divided into three sections. The first section is an overview of crop insurance, including the concept, the underwriting risk and subsidies product categories; the second section is the analysis of the operation data of crop insurance, mainly from the premium scale, insurance the degree of coverage and subsidies and other aspects of the statistical description. The third section is the analysis of the effectiveness of development of planting industry insurance, mainly from the premium scale, coverage, coverage, premium rate, the agricultural insurance company, financial subsidies and performance evaluation of characteristic planting industry insurance pilot, summarizes and analyzes the strong momentum of development of planting industry insurance in China and has achieved success.
The third chapter is the analysis of China's crop insurance problems. Through the analysis of the current development of the data, we believe that the main problem of China's crop insurance also has limited insurance coverage, the risk of security level and compensation for farmers; premium subsidies and subsidies to improve the performance mechanism of insurance company management is not standardized; and the lack of protection of farmers' rights and interests; planting insurance ratemaking unreasonable; support policies for crop insurance development is imperfect, inadequate supervision and so on.
The fourth chapter focuses on the development of foreign insurance industry growing experience, mainly for three of the world's largest planting industry insurance country - America, Japan and Canada, planting insurance characteristics and development experiences are summarized and analyzed, in order to planting insurance system and perfect management of technological innovation management provides reference for our country. Research shows that foreign planting take the appropriate insurance compulsory insurance, subsidies and improve the diversification of catastrophe risk dispersion system worthy of our reference.
The fifth chapter is the countermeasures to promote the planting industry insurance development in China. In this chapter, the third chapter is on the basis of the analysis, combined with the current reality of China's crop insurance development and existing problems, puts forward some suggestions to promote the further development of China's planting insurance. It includes: to improve the security level of crop insurance, insurance agencies to improve the service level and strengthen supervision and management of insurance companies, improve the system of subsidies and related policies, divided the appropriate risk area and according to the regional premium rates, strengthen the assessment of financial subsidies for crop insurance development, the establishment of crop insurance catastrophe risk diversification mechanism.
The main features and innovations of the paper are as follows:
First, this paper comprehensively analyzed from 2007 to 2013 7 years planting insurance development of our country. At present the achievements and problems of domestic scholars in the study of the policy of crop insurance supply and demand a lot of literature, the research of regional development characteristics and problems of the literature has gradually increased, but the analysis for the latest development of planting industry insurance effect the summary is not much. Crop insurance has developed rapidly in recent years, not only in the coverage area, there are substantial growth in security level, every year, is the national support policy change is also very large. This paper is based on the latest data from the premium scale, coverage, security level, premium rate, agricultural insurance the company's operating performance evaluation, financial subsidies and characteristic planting industry insurance pilot illustrates the effectiveness of development of planting industry insurance, research has certain characteristics.
Second, in the paper on China's crop insurance premium subsidies performance analysis, from the perspective of efficiency of farmers and insurance companies, discusses the problems of planting industry insurance premium subsidies performance. And on this basis put forward to improve the fiscal subsidy system, detailed suggestions for improving the way of subsidies.
Third, by planting insurance terms over the development policy promulgated as a focus, item analysis direction and shortcoming of annual policy change. Especially in how to improve the security level of crop insurance, this paper provides two feasible ways: innovation subsidy mechanism to improve the security level, the innovation of crop insurance to improve the level of protection. The strategy has certain innovation and application value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.66

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本文編號：1602021