本文關(guān)鍵詞： 養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度 人口老齡化 退休年齡 柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,人口老齡化成為世界趨勢(shì)。同時(shí),整個(gè)社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度面臨著因人口老齡化帶來的巨大挑戰(zhàn)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展壓力,這給經(jīng)濟(jì)水平欠發(fā)達(dá)的中國(guó)帶來了嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)和挑戰(zhàn)。上海的老齡化程度居全國(guó)之首,這種人口年齡結(jié)構(gòu)的持續(xù)變化使“現(xiàn)收現(xiàn)付”式的養(yǎng)老金制度面臨著極大壓力。近年來,上海市社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)金收不抵支的情況越來越嚴(yán)重,養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)金的支出占社會(huì)保障支出總費(fèi)用的比例持續(xù)上升。延長(zhǎng)退休年齡是人類預(yù)期壽命延長(zhǎng)和人力資本投資年限不斷延長(zhǎng)的要求,是維護(hù)代際公平的必然選擇,也有利于增加社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金的積累。因此,上海市2010年10月1日起實(shí)施柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策試點(diǎn),開始探索進(jìn)行退休年齡和養(yǎng)老金方面的改革。上海在國(guó)家沒有做出統(tǒng)一延長(zhǎng)退休年齡規(guī)定之前,出臺(tái)此項(xiàng)柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策是我國(guó)退休制度改革的一次試水,總體看,初衷是好的,政策設(shè)計(jì)也比較人性化。但從實(shí)際執(zhí)行看,試點(diǎn)情況未達(dá)到預(yù)期效果,推進(jìn)緩慢。此項(xiàng)政策的影響低于預(yù)期,象征意義大于實(shí)際作用。除國(guó)家退休政策大環(huán)境的影響外,其他原因也值得深入思考和研究,積極探索柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金工作對(duì)于發(fā)揮各類人才作用和提高個(gè)人養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)待遇都具有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,對(duì)完善全國(guó)社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的建設(shè)也具有借鑒意義。本文基于訪談、問卷調(diào)查、調(diào)閱政府文獻(xiàn)等實(shí)證方法,對(duì)上海柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策進(jìn)行研究,尤其對(duì)政策效果予以科學(xué)評(píng)定,總結(jié)上海案例,為我國(guó)即將推行的漸進(jìn)式延遲退休改革提供借鑒。本文第一章對(duì)于選題的背景與意義做了介紹,同時(shí)論述了現(xiàn)階段國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)于退休政策改革研究的狀況,并闡述了本文所采用的研究方法;第二章首先對(duì)于柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策和一直以來實(shí)施的退休返聘政策做了概念界定,詳細(xì)介紹了上海市柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策出臺(tái)的背景與過程、該政策的主要內(nèi)容和政策的預(yù)期目標(biāo);在第三章中,客觀地描述了該政策的實(shí)施現(xiàn)狀;第四章是上海市柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策評(píng)估及原因分析;在第五章中,介紹了各國(guó)現(xiàn)行的退休制度對(duì)上海市柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策實(shí)施的參考和借鑒,并闡述面對(duì)“十三五”規(guī)劃的柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策若再沿用,有待完善;若被廢除,引以為鑒;最后一章,根據(jù)之前的論述,對(duì)上海市柔性延遲申領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金政策進(jìn)行總結(jié),并提出進(jìn)一步工作的方向。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the aging of population becomes the world trend. At the same time, the whole social endowment insurance system is facing the enormous challenge and the pressure of sustainable development brought by the aging of the population. This poses a severe test and challenge to underdeveloped China. Shanghai has the largest aging population in the country, and the continuous changes in the age structure of the population have put great pressure on the "pay-as-you-go" pension system. The situation of social pension insurance in Shanghai is getting more and more serious. The expenditure of pension insurance continues to rise in proportion to the total expenditure on social security. Prolonging the retirement age is the requirement of increasing human life expectancy and increasing the number of years of investment in human capital, and is an inevitable choice to maintain intergenerational equity. It is also conducive to increasing the accumulation of social pension insurance funds. Therefore, since October 1st 2010, Shanghai has implemented a pilot flexible deferred application pension policy. Start to explore the reform of retirement age and pension. Before the state made a uniform rule to extend the retirement age, the introduction of the flexible deferred application pension policy was a test of the reform of China's retirement system. Generally speaking, The original intention was good, and the design of the policy was more humanized. But from the point of view of the actual implementation, the pilot did not achieve the desired effect and the progress was slow. The impact of this policy was lower than expected. The symbolic significance is greater than the actual effect. Besides the influence of the general environment of the national retirement policy, other reasons are also worthy of further consideration and study. Actively exploring the flexible delay in applying for pension is of great practical significance to bring all kinds of talents into full play and to improve the treatment of individual old-age insurance. This paper, based on interviews, questionnaires, government literature and other empirical methods, makes a study on the flexible deferred application pension policy in Shanghai, which is also useful for the improvement of the construction of the national social old-age insurance system. In particular, the effect of the policy should be scientifically evaluated, and the case of Shanghai should be summarized to provide a reference for the gradual delayed retirement reform to be carried out in China. The first chapter of this paper introduces the background and significance of the topic. At the same time, it discusses the research status of retirement policy reform at home and abroad at present, and expounds the research methods adopted in this paper. In the second chapter, the concept of flexible delayed claim pension policy and retirement reemployment policy has been defined, and the background and process of Shanghai flexible delayed application pension policy are introduced in detail. The main contents of the policy and the expected objectives of the policy; in the third chapter, objectively describe the status of implementation of the policy; chapter 4th is Shanghai flexible deferred claim pension policy evaluation and cause analysis; in chapter 5th, This paper introduces the reference and reference of the current retirement system in various countries to the implementation of flexible deferred claim pension policy in Shanghai, and expounds that the flexible deferred application pension policy in the face of the 13th Five-Year Plan needs to be improved if it continues to be followed; if it is abolished, The last chapter, according to the previous discussion, summarizes the flexible deferred claim pension policy in Shanghai, and puts forward the direction of further work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F842.67

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