本文關(guān)鍵詞： 交強險 經(jīng)營虧損 定價方案 改進　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：機動車交通事故責(zé)任強制保險(下文簡稱“交強險”)是我國產(chǎn)險業(yè)的重要組成部分,作為首個全國推行的強制保險的險種,在道路交通事故中發(fā)揮著分散風(fēng)險和社會管理的職能,對我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會穩(wěn)定發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。 我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展和居民收入水平的不斷提升,為車險業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展提供了良好的基礎(chǔ)條件,與此同時,每年機動車傷亡的人數(shù)也因此不斷增加,經(jīng)濟水平較差的駕駛員在發(fā)生交通事故時不能對受害人及時有效的予以補償。鑒于此,我國于2006年推出了交強險制度來維護交通事故中受害人的合法權(quán)益。然而,由于我國保險行業(yè)發(fā)展尚不成熟,交強險的經(jīng)營陷入虧損困境。截至2012年末,交強險經(jīng)營累計虧損達到了256億元。交強險經(jīng)營虧損的原因是多方面的,主要是不變的收費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同社會經(jīng)濟成本不斷攀升的矛盾以及保險行業(yè)經(jīng)營技術(shù)升級緩慢造成的。交強險作為我國首個全國推廣的險種,對我國推行其他險種有著重要的借鑒意義,持續(xù)虧損的經(jīng)營現(xiàn)況或會降低其服務(wù)質(zhì)量,不利于其發(fā)揮維護社會穩(wěn)定的作用。因此,分析交強險經(jīng)營虧損的原因,探索促進交強險健康發(fā)展的方式,對交強險的健康發(fā)展乃至后期推行其他強制險種都有著積極的理論與現(xiàn)實意義。 本文主要內(nèi)容如下： 首先,闡述本文的研究背景和研究意義,概括研究思路,并指出論文創(chuàng)新和不足之處。其次,對國內(nèi)外交強險的發(fā)展和經(jīng)營狀況進行闡述和分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：歐美等國家和地區(qū)交強險發(fā)展有健全的法律基礎(chǔ)和成熟的經(jīng)營技術(shù)作保障；日本及我國港臺地區(qū)在交強險的服務(wù)條款主要對交通事故中的人身傷亡進行保障,不含財產(chǎn)保障,這有助于實現(xiàn)為交通事故中受害人健康、生命的損害提供基本保障這一目的。對我國交強險的經(jīng)營狀況分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：承保所得為負、投資所得較低、費用及成本較高。再次,對我國交強險經(jīng)營虧損原因進行不同層面的分析。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：現(xiàn)行費率定價方案不夠精確、社會經(jīng)濟環(huán)境不夠?qū)捤伞⒈ｋU行業(yè)經(jīng)營管理水平不高等綜合因素導(dǎo)致了我國交強險的虧損現(xiàn)況。最后,嘗試設(shè)計出新的定價方案并對該方案實施提出具體措施。建議：通過加入多種因素嘗試建立新的定價方案,促使其早日進入“不盈不虧”的健康經(jīng)營模式；保險行業(yè)應(yīng)認(rèn)清自身存在的經(jīng)營技術(shù)問題,與監(jiān)管部門合作進行產(chǎn)業(yè)升級；宏觀經(jīng)濟政策上政府應(yīng)結(jié)合實際建立靈活的稅收機制、穩(wěn)健的司法環(huán)境促進其發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Compulsory liability insurance for motor vehicle traffic accidents (hereinafter referred to as "traffic insurance") is an important part of the property insurance industry in China, as the first compulsory insurance in China. It plays an irreplaceable role in the economic development and social stability of our country. The rapid development of China's automobile industry and the continuous improvement of residents' income level provide a good basic condition for the development of auto insurance business, at the same time, the number of motor vehicle casualties is also increasing every year. The driver with poor economic level can not compensate the victim in time when the traffic accident occurs. In view of this. In 2006, China introduced the traffic insurance system to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the victims of traffic accidents. However, because of the development of the insurance industry in China is not yet mature. As of end of 2012, the accumulated losses of Jiaotong insurance have reached 25.6 billion yuan. The reasons for the losses are various. It is mainly caused by the contradiction between the constant charge standard and the rising social and economic cost and the slow upgrading of the insurance industry technology. Traffic insurance is the first national spread of insurance in China. It is of great significance for our country to carry out other kinds of insurance. The current situation of continuous loss may reduce its service quality, and it will not play a role in maintaining social stability. Therefore, this paper analyzes the reasons for the loss of operation in traffic insurance. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the ways to promote the healthy development of traffic insurance and to carry out other compulsory insurance in the later period. The main contents of this paper are as follows: First of all, this paper describes the research background and significance, summarizes the research ideas, and points out the paper innovation and deficiencies. Secondly. This paper expounds and analyzes the development and management of traffic insurance at home and abroad. The study finds that the development of traffic strong insurance in Europe and America has a sound legal basis and mature management technology. The terms of service of Japan and Hong Kong and Taiwan in traffic insurance mainly protect the personal injury and death in the traffic accident, which does not include the property security, which is helpful to realize the health of the victim in the traffic accident. The purpose of life damage is to provide the basic protection. The analysis of the operating condition of our country's traffic insurance shows that the underwriting income is negative, the investment income is low, the cost and cost are high. This paper analyzes the causes of operational losses of traffic insurance in China at different levels. The results show that the current pricing scheme is not accurate enough, and the social and economic environment is not easy enough. The insurance industry management level is not high and so on the comprehensive factor has led to our country traffic strong insurance loss present situation. Finally. This paper tries to design a new pricing scheme and puts forward some concrete measures for the implementation of the scheme. Suggestions are made: try to establish a new pricing scheme by adding a variety of factors to promote it to enter the healthy management mode of "no profit and no loss" as soon as possible; The insurance industry should recognize its own problems of management technology and cooperate with the regulatory authorities to upgrade the industry. In macroeconomic policy, the government should set up a flexible tax mechanism and a sound judicial environment to promote its development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.69

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