中國知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)作用機(jī)理研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-23 11:28
【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化浪潮下,各國之間的聯(lián)系交流更加頻繁,技術(shù)、資本等不同類型生產(chǎn)要素在世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛流通,知識型勞動(dòng)力作為一種極為重要的生產(chǎn)要素在各國之間的流動(dòng)也日益頻繁,發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。隨著“十三五”規(guī)劃的實(shí)施,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化供給側(cè)改革,充分發(fā)揮市場作用,加強(qiáng)政府監(jiān)督。目前的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下,哪些因素將會(huì)極大地促進(jìn)我國知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng),而這些影響因素的作用機(jī)理又是如何?這一問題的研究對于實(shí)現(xiàn)我國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,促進(jìn)知識型勞動(dòng)力更好流動(dòng)極為重要。目前,學(xué)者對于影響知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)的作用機(jī)理鮮有研究,對于這一研究方向還存在很大不足。因此,本文的研究既彌補(bǔ)了這一不足,也為能夠更好地促進(jìn)中國知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)提供很好地理論借鑒�；诖�,本文以推拉理論、要素稟賦理論、雙重勞動(dòng)力市場理論、新經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)理論等作為研究的理論基礎(chǔ),將知識型勞動(dòng)力定義為全日制專科及以上學(xué)歷的高校畢業(yè)生,主要包括所有教育院校的教育工作者、科研部門及政府工作者、企業(yè)管理人員、出國留學(xué)人員及海歸等四個(gè)方面,并從我國知識型勞動(dòng)力區(qū)域分布、跨國流動(dòng)總量特征、跨國流動(dòng)選擇分布等幾個(gè)方面做了描述。本文在對FDI、對外貿(mào)易、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)等三個(gè)因素對知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)作用機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用定量分析法,選取FDI、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度、對外貿(mào)易發(fā)展程度等作為解釋變量,而知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)的選取也是本文的重要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn),并用海歸數(shù)量作為知識型勞動(dòng)力的替代變量,地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、金融發(fā)展程度、人力資本水平等作為控制變量,利用省際面板數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行回歸分析得出,知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度和FDI對中國知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)存在正向促進(jìn)作用且顯著,對外貿(mào)易對知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)也存在一定正向促進(jìn)作用,但不顯著。本文通過進(jìn)一步對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度這一變量進(jìn)行門檻特征回歸比較分析,實(shí)證結(jié)果我們也有了創(chuàng)新,結(jié)果顯示,單純從知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度來講,目前各個(gè)省加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度是有利于中國知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)的;從產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)高低來講,產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)高的省份加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)是有利于我國知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)的,而產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)低的省份加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)對知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)存在負(fù)向作用,需要進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu);隨著金融發(fā)展程度的不斷提高,加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)強(qiáng)度對中國知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng)有著積極影響。文章在最后一章節(jié)從加大實(shí)際利用外資額并拓寬外資利用渠道、深化對外貿(mào)易程度并加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)外向化、加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)等幾個(gè)方面提出相關(guān)政策建議,以便更好地促進(jìn)中國知識型勞動(dòng)力跨國流動(dòng),為中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展做出突出貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Under the tide of economic globalization, the links and exchanges between countries are more frequent, and different types of production factors, such as technology, capital and so on, are widely circulated around the world. As a very important factor of production, the flow of knowledge-based labor force between countries is becoming more and more frequent and plays a more and more important role. With the implementation of the 13th five-year Plan, China's economy has further strengthened supply-side reform, gave full play to the role of the market, and strengthened government supervision. Under the current macroeconomic background, which factors will greatly promote the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China, and what is the mechanism of these factors? The study of this problem is very important to realize the coordinated and sustainable development of politics, economy, culture and so on, and to promote the better flow of knowledge-based labor force. At present, there are few studies on the mechanism of affecting the transnational mobility of knowledge-based labor force, and there are still great shortcomings in this research direction. Therefore, the research in this paper not only makes up for this deficiency, but also provides a good theoretical reference for promoting the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. Based on this, this paper takes push-pull theory, factor endowment theory, dual labor market theory and new economic geography theory as the theoretical basis of the research, and defines the knowledge-based labor force as college graduates with full-time college education or above. It mainly includes four aspects: educators, scientific research departments and government workers, enterprise managers, overseas students and returned nationals from all educational colleges and universities, and from the regional distribution of knowledge-based labor force in China, the characteristics of the total amount of transnational mobility. The selection distribution of transnational flow is described in this paper. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of transnational mobility of knowledge-based labor force by three factors, such as FDI, foreign trade and intellectual property protection, this paper uses quantitative analysis method to select the intensity of intellectual property protection of FDI,. The degree of foreign trade development is regarded as the explanatory variable, and the selection of the intensity index of intellectual property protection is also an important innovation point of this paper, and the number of returnees is used as the alternative variable of the knowledge-based labor force, the level of regional economic development, the degree of financial development. The level of human capital is used as the control variable, and the regression analysis is carried out by using the inter-provincial panel data. It is concluded that the intensity of intellectual property protection and FDI have a positive and significant effect on the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. Foreign trade also has a certain positive role in promoting the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force, but it is not significant. Through the further regression analysis of the threshold characteristics of the variable of intellectual property protection intensity, the empirical results also have innovation, the results show that, simply from the point of view of intellectual property protection intensity, At present, strengthening the intensity of intellectual property protection in various provinces is conducive to the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force in China. As far as the level of industrial structure is concerned, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights in provinces with high industrial structure is conducive to the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force in China. However, the provinces with low industrial institutions have a negative effect on the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force by strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, so it is necessary to further optimize the industrial structure. With the continuous improvement of financial development, strengthening the intensity of intellectual property protection has a positive impact on the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. In the last chapter, the paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions from the aspects of increasing the actual utilization of foreign capital and widening the channels of foreign capital utilization, deepening the degree of foreign trade, strengthening the export-oriented economy, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, and so on. In order to better promote the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China and make outstanding contributions to China's economic development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F249.21;F125
本文編號：2483859
[Abstract]:Under the tide of economic globalization, the links and exchanges between countries are more frequent, and different types of production factors, such as technology, capital and so on, are widely circulated around the world. As a very important factor of production, the flow of knowledge-based labor force between countries is becoming more and more frequent and plays a more and more important role. With the implementation of the 13th five-year Plan, China's economy has further strengthened supply-side reform, gave full play to the role of the market, and strengthened government supervision. Under the current macroeconomic background, which factors will greatly promote the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China, and what is the mechanism of these factors? The study of this problem is very important to realize the coordinated and sustainable development of politics, economy, culture and so on, and to promote the better flow of knowledge-based labor force. At present, there are few studies on the mechanism of affecting the transnational mobility of knowledge-based labor force, and there are still great shortcomings in this research direction. Therefore, the research in this paper not only makes up for this deficiency, but also provides a good theoretical reference for promoting the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. Based on this, this paper takes push-pull theory, factor endowment theory, dual labor market theory and new economic geography theory as the theoretical basis of the research, and defines the knowledge-based labor force as college graduates with full-time college education or above. It mainly includes four aspects: educators, scientific research departments and government workers, enterprise managers, overseas students and returned nationals from all educational colleges and universities, and from the regional distribution of knowledge-based labor force in China, the characteristics of the total amount of transnational mobility. The selection distribution of transnational flow is described in this paper. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of transnational mobility of knowledge-based labor force by three factors, such as FDI, foreign trade and intellectual property protection, this paper uses quantitative analysis method to select the intensity of intellectual property protection of FDI,. The degree of foreign trade development is regarded as the explanatory variable, and the selection of the intensity index of intellectual property protection is also an important innovation point of this paper, and the number of returnees is used as the alternative variable of the knowledge-based labor force, the level of regional economic development, the degree of financial development. The level of human capital is used as the control variable, and the regression analysis is carried out by using the inter-provincial panel data. It is concluded that the intensity of intellectual property protection and FDI have a positive and significant effect on the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. Foreign trade also has a certain positive role in promoting the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force, but it is not significant. Through the further regression analysis of the threshold characteristics of the variable of intellectual property protection intensity, the empirical results also have innovation, the results show that, simply from the point of view of intellectual property protection intensity, At present, strengthening the intensity of intellectual property protection in various provinces is conducive to the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force in China. As far as the level of industrial structure is concerned, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights in provinces with high industrial structure is conducive to the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force in China. However, the provinces with low industrial institutions have a negative effect on the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force by strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, so it is necessary to further optimize the industrial structure. With the continuous improvement of financial development, strengthening the intensity of intellectual property protection has a positive impact on the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. In the last chapter, the paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions from the aspects of increasing the actual utilization of foreign capital and widening the channels of foreign capital utilization, deepening the degree of foreign trade, strengthening the export-oriented economy, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, and so on. In order to better promote the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China and make outstanding contributions to China's economic development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F249.21;F125
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