本文選題：政治關聯(lián)　切入點：房地產行業(yè)　出處：《南京理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著中國經濟的騰飛,中國的民營經濟也在不斷的發(fā)展壯大,民營企業(yè)家們以引領新一代經濟的決心出現(xiàn)在人們面前。隨著民營企業(yè)市場地位的不斷提高,許多優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)家被評以"中國十大企業(yè)家"等稱號,但是對于他們而言,更高的肯定是被人民推舉成為人大代表或政協(xié)委員,適當參政。而一些關鍵人物沒有"代表委員"頭銜加身的民營企業(yè),為了保持競爭優(yōu)勢,也紛紛吸納前政府官員以各種身份加入企業(yè)。此外,還有一些棄官從商的現(xiàn)象時有發(fā)生,導致政治關聯(lián)成為一種常態(tài)出現(xiàn)在人們面前。對于熱門的經濟現(xiàn)象,常常會吸引學術界的關注和討論。在這種背景之下,政治關聯(lián)作為一種非正式替代機制應運而生。資源依賴理論從政企關系"扶持之手"的角度,很好的解釋了這種現(xiàn)象的背后動因:企業(yè)為了尋求生存和發(fā)展所需的必備資源,通過與政府建立政治關聯(lián),繞開不完善市場中的正式途徑,獲取融資便利、行業(yè)準入、政府補貼、稅收優(yōu)等方面稀缺資源。然而一些現(xiàn)象也讓我們意識到政治關聯(lián)的存在,也會給企業(yè)在慈善捐贈、雇員薪酬成本、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)崗位以解決就業(yè)問題等方面增加相應的成本,發(fā)揮著"掠奪之手"的作用。本文基于資源依賴理論、尋租理論和政治成本理論,并在充分閱讀相關文獻的基礎上,選擇以企業(yè)高管層(包括董事會成員和高級管理人員)是否具有政協(xié)委員、人大代表或政府官員背景為標準,判斷企業(yè)是否具有政治關聯(lián)。在理論推導的基礎上,本文將視角投向整個房地產民營上市企業(yè),希望了解政治關聯(lián)對整個房地產民營上市群體的影響。通過選擇2011-2015年滬深上市的房地產民營公司為研究樣本,從樣本整體看出:政治關聯(lián)給公司在政府補貼、債務融資等方面帶來好處,而在雇員規(guī)模及雇員薪酬成本、慈善捐款方面給公司帶來額外負擔,最后選擇綜合績效度量公司財務績效時發(fā)現(xiàn),政治關聯(lián)有利于公司績效的提升。在對房地產民營上市企業(yè)整個群體研究的基礎上,從其中選取具有可比性的政治關聯(lián)YH公司和非政治關聯(lián)LJ公司進行案例對比研究。希望能從更為微觀的層面,了解政治關聯(lián)的作用機制。案例分析過程中,著重關注政治關聯(lián)會給YH公司和LJ公司帶來哪些方面差異,最終如何影響到公司績效。并就案例對比得出的結論與前文總體研究結論進行對比。發(fā)現(xiàn)除了有關雇員規(guī)模及雇員薪酬成本的結果與總體研究的結果有所出入外,其他結論具有共性,表明雖然從行業(yè)總體能得出較為一致的結論,但是政治關聯(lián)對具體企業(yè)的作用程度,也會隨著企業(yè)不同而不同。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, China's private economy is also growing. Private entrepreneurs appear in front of people with the determination to lead a new generation of economy. Many outstanding entrepreneurs have been appraised as "top ten entrepreneurs in China," but for them, it is more certain that they will be elected by the people as deputies to the National people's Congress or members of the Chinese people's political Consultative Conference. Proper participation in politics. And some key figures who do not have the title of "representative committee" added to the private enterprises, in order to maintain their competitive advantage, have also absorbed former government officials to join the enterprises in various capacities. In addition, In this context, political connections have become the norm. For popular economic phenomena, they often attract the attention and discussion of the academic community. The theory of resource dependence, from the angle of "supporting hand" of the relationship between government and enterprise, well explains the motive behind this phenomenon: enterprises need necessary resources for survival and development. By establishing political connections with the government, bypassing the formal channels in the imperfect market, gaining access to finance, industry access, government subsidies, tax incentives, and so on, some phenomena also make us aware of the existence of political connections. It will also increase the corresponding cost to enterprises in the aspects of charitable donation, employee salary cost, job creation to solve the employment problem, and play the role of "hand of plunder". This paper is based on the theory of resource dependence. Based on the theory of rent-seeking and the theory of political cost, and on the basis of a thorough reading of the relevant literature, the criteria are whether the executives (including board members and senior managers) have the background of CPPCC members, NPC deputies or government officials. On the basis of theoretical derivation, this paper puts the angle of view to the whole private listed real estate enterprises. By selecting the private real estate companies listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011-2015 as the research sample, we can see from the sample as a whole: political association gives companies subsidies in the government. Debt financing and other benefits, but in terms of employee size and employee compensation costs, charitable contributions to the company additional burden, the final choice of comprehensive performance measurement of the company's financial performance found, On the basis of the research on the whole group of private listed enterprises in real estate, A comparative case study between YH Company and LJ Company, which has a comparable political connection, is selected. It is hoped that we can understand the mechanism of political association from a more micro level. Focus on the differences between YH and LJ in terms of political connections, Finally, how to affect the performance of the company. The conclusion of the case comparison is compared with the conclusion of the previous overall study. It is found that the results on the size of employees and the salary cost of employees are different from the results of the overall study. Other conclusions have the common character, which indicates that although the conclusion can be drawn from the industry as a whole, the effect of political connection on the specific enterprise will also vary with the enterprise.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D630;F299.233.42

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