本文關(guān)鍵詞：農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣、資本深化與就業(yè)替代——基于國家科技富民強(qiáng)縣專項(xiàng)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的實(shí)證分析　出處：《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣 資本深化 就業(yè)替代 傾向得分匹配法 雙重差分法

【摘要】：用科技創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)、驅(qū)動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展,是我國在經(jīng)濟(jì)新常態(tài)下鞏固農(nóng)業(yè)之基礎(chǔ)地位、破解"三農(nóng)問題"的核心戰(zhàn)略。農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣通過將科技創(chuàng)新成果轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)生產(chǎn)力,構(gòu)成戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施過程中重要的政策著力點(diǎn)。本文著眼于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中的資本與勞動(dòng)兩大要素,利用傾向得分匹配法及雙重差分法對我國具有代表性的農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣政策——國家科技富民強(qiáng)縣專項(xiàng)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的政策效果進(jìn)行了實(shí)證評估,考察了該政策與農(nóng)村就業(yè)、資本深化之間的因果關(guān)系。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)該計(jì)劃雖然沒有顯著拉動(dòng)農(nóng)村就業(yè),但能夠顯著提高人均農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械動(dòng)力使用量。相應(yīng)的政策含義是,以該計(jì)劃為代表的農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣政策是深化資本、推廣技術(shù),提高農(nóng)業(yè)科技含量的有效途徑;但由于農(nóng)業(yè)科技的推廣與使用具有勞動(dòng)替代的特征,農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣政策對農(nóng)村就業(yè)的拉動(dòng)作用受科技的"勞動(dòng)替代性"特點(diǎn)的限制,政府在制定農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣政策時(shí)需高度關(guān)注農(nóng)村就業(yè)問題。
[Abstract]:Using scientific and technological innovation to lead and drive the development of agriculture is the core strategy for China to consolidate the basic position of agriculture and solve the "three rural problems" under the new normal economy. Agricultural science and technology popularization is an important policy focus in the process of strategic implementation by transforming the achievements of scientific and technological innovation into practical productive forces. Capital and labor, this paper focuses on the process of agricultural production in the two elements, the popularization of agricultural science and technology policy, National Science and technology Fumin County special action plan policies and make empirical evaluation using the propensity score matching method and double difference method in the representative of China, examine the causal relationship between the policy and employment, capital to deepen the rural. The study found that although the plan did not significantly promote rural employment, it could significantly increase the use of per capita agricultural mechanical power. The corresponding policy implication is that the plan for the popularization of agricultural science and technology policy is the deepening of capital, technology promotion, effective way to improve the content of agricultural science and technology; but because of the promotion of agricultural science and technology and has the characteristics of labor substitution, labor substitution characteristics limit the popularization of agricultural science and technology policy on rural industry by stimulating effect science and technology ", government needs to pay high attention to the rural employment policy in agricultural science and technology promotion.
【作者單位】： 中國社會科學(xué)院人口與勞動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究所;中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院;
【基金】：中國博士后科學(xué)基金“中國農(nóng)業(yè)科技體制改革、農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)變遷與農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展”(2016M600159) 國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目“能源價(jià)格波動(dòng)、信息化投資和技術(shù)進(jìn)步對我國低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的影響——基于IGEM模型與微觀模擬聯(lián)接模型的研究”(71573291) 北京高校中國特色社會主義理論協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心(中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué))的階段性研究成果
【分類號】：F249.2;F323.3
【正文快照】： ——基于國家科技富民強(qiáng)縣專項(xiàng)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的實(shí)證分析引言“三農(nóng)問題”一直是中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中的棘手問題。改革開放初期,政府試圖通過實(shí)行諸如家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制等農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)體制方面的改革來推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展,這一制度變革取得了明顯成效:經(jīng)過30多年的發(fā)展,中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生

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