本文關(guān)鍵詞：促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育均等化的財(cái)政政策研究　出處：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展迅速,人民生活水平有了顯著提高；然而,由于城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)等多種歷史及現(xiàn)行體制的因素,在我國城鄉(xiāng)之間仍然存在著較為明顯的差距,城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育之間的非均等化發(fā)展便是其中之一。城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育發(fā)展的不均等將會(huì)給社會(huì)帶來嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面效應(yīng),一方面,農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育的長(zhǎng)期落后制約了農(nóng)村人口素質(zhì)的提高,影響了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,阻礙了我國城市化進(jìn)程的推進(jìn),它會(huì)引起我國社會(huì)階層的急劇分化,從而不利于我國和諧社會(huì)建設(shè)的目標(biāo)；另一方面,它將使我國的城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系向著更加不平衡的方向發(fā)展�？梢�,義務(wù)教育事業(yè)發(fā)展的均等化在促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平、縮小差距的進(jìn)程中發(fā)揮著積極的作用。而義務(wù)教育發(fā)展的均等化責(zé)任,主要在政府,因此,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育均等化的財(cái)政政策研究對(duì)于我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)和諧發(fā)展,促進(jìn)我國基本公共服務(wù)均等化具有非常重要的意義。 本文對(duì)如何運(yùn)用財(cái)政政策促進(jìn)我國城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育均等化發(fā)展的問題展開研究,分為以下五個(gè)部分：第一部分,介紹了論文選題的理論及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,相關(guān)的國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)綜述,研究?jī)?nèi)容、思路方法以及本文的創(chuàng)新之處；第二部分,著重介紹了相關(guān)理論以及基本概念的內(nèi)涵；第三部分,對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育非均等化現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析比較,得出無論從財(cái)政投入(國家財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi))還是從資源配置(生均義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出、辦學(xué)條件以及師資結(jié)構(gòu))的角度來看,城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育之間的分配仍存在著差距；第四部分,探析了導(dǎo)致城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育非均等化發(fā)展的原因,主要?dú)w納為“四化”：即城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)固化、義務(wù)教育財(cái)政體制過渡分權(quán)化、義務(wù)教育財(cái)政投入尚欠合理化以及義務(wù)教育轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度缺少規(guī)范化,原因的分析有助于更好地剖析城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育發(fā)展的不均等,從而更準(zhǔn)確地提出相應(yīng)的財(cái)政政策；第五部分,基于以上分析結(jié)合我國國情,提出了促進(jìn)我國城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育均等化發(fā)展的財(cái)政政策及其他相關(guān)的配套政策。在針對(duì)義務(wù)教育發(fā)展的財(cái)政政策的總體思路上應(yīng)特別的注重“傾向性”原則,即要保證貧困地區(qū)、弱勢(shì)群體公平地接受義務(wù)教育,縮小城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育間的差距；在把握了總體原則的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)采取具體的財(cái)政政策,即加大義務(wù)教育財(cái)政投入力度,健全義務(wù)教育財(cái)政分權(quán)體制、規(guī)范義務(wù)教育財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移制度及其他資金、制度等相關(guān)保障政策。 本文的觀點(diǎn)是導(dǎo)致城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育非均等化現(xiàn)狀的主要原因是城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)固化、義務(wù)教育財(cái)政體制過渡分權(quán)化、義務(wù)教育財(cái)政投入尚欠合理化及義務(wù)教育轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度缺少規(guī)范化,本文認(rèn)為應(yīng)通過加大義務(wù)教育財(cái)政投入力度,健全義務(wù)教育財(cái)政分權(quán)體制、規(guī)范義務(wù)教育財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移制度及其他資金、制度等相關(guān)保障政策來促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育均等化的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economic and social development has been rapid, the people's living standards have been significantly improved; However, due to the dual structure of urban and rural areas and other historical and existing system factors, there is still a clear gap between urban and rural areas in China. The unequal development between urban and rural compulsory education is one of them. The unequal development of urban and rural compulsory education will bring serious negative effects to society, on the one hand. The long-term backwardness of rural compulsory education restricts the improvement of the quality of rural population, affects the development of rural economy, hinders the advancement of urbanization in China, and leads to the sharp differentiation of social strata in our country. This is not conducive to the goal of building a harmonious society in China; On the other hand, it will make the relationship between urban and rural areas of our country develop in a more unbalanced direction. It can be seen that the equalization of the development of compulsory education is promoting social equity. Narrowing the gap in the process of playing a positive role. And the development of compulsory education equalization responsibility, mainly in the government, therefore. The research on the fiscal policy of promoting the equalization of urban and rural compulsory education is of great significance to the harmonious development of our economy and society and to the equalization of basic public services in our country. This paper studies how to use fiscal policy to promote the development of urban and rural compulsory education equalization. It is divided into the following five parts: the first part introduces the theoretical and practical significance of the thesis. The related literature review, research content, thinking method and the innovation of this paper; The second part focuses on the related theory and the connotation of the basic concepts; The third part analyzes and compares the status quo of non-equalization of compulsory education in urban and rural areas and draws the conclusion that whether from the financial input (national financial education funds) or from the allocation of resources (compulsory education expenditure per student). From the point of view of the conditions of running a school and the structure of teachers, there is still a gap in the distribution of compulsory education between urban and rural areas; In the 4th part, the author analyzes the reasons leading to the non-equalization of compulsory education in urban and rural areas, which is mainly summed up as "four modernizations": that is, the dual structure of urban and rural areas is solidified, and the financial system of compulsory education is transferred to decentralization. The financial input of compulsory education is not reasonable and the transfer payment system of compulsory education is lack of standardization. The analysis of the reasons is helpful to better analyze the unequal development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas. In order to put forward the corresponding fiscal policy more accurately; Part 5th, based on the above analysis combined with China's national conditions. This paper puts forward the fiscal policy of promoting the equalization development of urban and rural compulsory education in China and other related supporting policies. In the overall thinking of fiscal policy for the development of compulsory education, we should pay special attention to the principle of "tendentiousness". That is, to ensure that poor areas, vulnerable groups to receive compulsory education equitably, reducing the gap between urban and rural compulsory education; On the basis of mastering the general principles, we should adopt specific financial policies, that is, increase the financial input of compulsory education, improve the financial decentralization system of compulsory education, standardize the financial transfer system of compulsory education and other funds. System and other relevant safeguard policies. The viewpoint of this paper is that the main reasons leading to the non-equalization of urban and rural compulsory education are the solidification of urban-rural dual structure and the transition of compulsory education financial system to decentralization. The financial investment of compulsory education is still unrationalized and the transfer payment system of compulsory education is lack of standardization. This paper holds that the financial decentralization system of compulsory education should be improved by increasing the financial input of compulsory education. Standardize the financial transfer system of compulsory education, other funds, systems and other related security policies to promote the development of urban and rural compulsory education equalization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：G522.3

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本文編號(hào)：1406804