【摘要】：“統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率”是一門研究數(shù)據(jù)處理和隨機(jī)現(xiàn)象及其規(guī)律的學(xué)科,為人們認(rèn)識(shí)客觀世界提供了重要的思維模式和解決問題的方法�！敖y(tǒng)計(jì)與概率”知識(shí)在小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)中占有舉足輕重的地位。受教學(xué)環(huán)境和教學(xué)條件的限制,傳統(tǒng)的“統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率”教學(xué)通常以教師傳授知識(shí)為主,教學(xué)方法和手段陳舊、單一,難以有效組織和開展個(gè)性化的課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng),忽視了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的主體地位,不利于學(xué)生自主探究能力的培養(yǎng)和創(chuàng)新思維的發(fā)展。隨著信息技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展,那些具有高度可視化效果的統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件為小學(xué)“統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率"教學(xué)提供了一種新的教學(xué)方式和手段,并正在成為一種推動(dòng)小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)“統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率”教學(xué)創(chuàng)新的重要?jiǎng)恿�。本文在分析幾款常用統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)“統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率”教學(xué)的實(shí)際需求,為小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)“統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率”教學(xué)量身訂做了一款輔助教學(xué)系統(tǒng)。本文首先對(duì)軟件進(jìn)行了需求分析,并對(duì)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中用到的一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了介紹；然后給出了系統(tǒng)功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程以及核心類的設(shè)計(jì),詳細(xì)介紹了分類與整理、統(tǒng)計(jì)表、統(tǒng)計(jì)圖生成、統(tǒng)計(jì)量以及概率模型等多個(gè)模塊的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)；最后通過(guò)具體的教學(xué)案例展示了本系統(tǒng)的主要功能。本文設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)的小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)“統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率”教學(xué)系統(tǒng)具有交互性強(qiáng)、用戶界面友好、系統(tǒng)功能與教材貼切、符合小學(xué)生認(rèn)知特點(diǎn)等鮮明特色,為下一步應(yīng)用到小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)“統(tǒng)計(jì)與概率”教學(xué)中奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Statistics and probability is a subject to study data processing and random phenomena and their laws. It provides an important mode of thinking and a method to solve problems for people to understand the objective world. The knowledge of statistics and probability plays an important role in mathematics teaching in primary school. Due to the limitation of teaching environment and teaching conditions, the traditional teaching of "statistics and probability" is usually based on teachers' imparting knowledge, teaching methods and means are old, single, difficult to effectively organize and carry out individualized classroom teaching activities. Ignoring the main position of students' learning is not conducive to the cultivation of students' independent inquiry ability and the development of innovative thinking. With the rapid development of information technology, the statistical software with highly visualized effect provides a new teaching method and means for the teaching of "statistics and probability" in primary schools. It is becoming an important driving force to promote the teaching innovation of mathematics statistics and probability in primary school. Based on the analysis of several commonly used statistical software, this paper aims at the actual demand of "statistics and probability" teaching in primary school mathematics, and makes an auxiliary teaching system for the "statistics and probability" teaching of primary school mathematics. In this paper, the requirements of the software are analyzed, and some key technologies used in the system design are introduced, then the realization process of the system function and the design of the core classes are given, and the classification and arrangement are introduced in detail. Finally, the main functions of the system are demonstrated by a specific teaching case, including the design and implementation of several modules, such as the generation of statistical diagrams, statistics and probability models. The teaching system of "Statistics and probability" in primary school mathematics designed and developed in this paper has the characteristics of strong interaction, friendly user interface, appropriate system function and textbook, and accords with the cognitive characteristics of primary school students. It lays a good foundation for the application of statistics and probability in mathematics teaching in primary school.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G623.5

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本文編號(hào)：2132781