本文選題：蕪湖市　切入點：霧霾　出處：《安徽師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)今,我國部分地區(qū)霧霾天氣已成為常態(tài),據統(tǒng)計,2015-2016年期間,蕪湖地區(qū)霧霾天氣占比近40%,霧霾對蕪湖市小學體育開展產生了非常不利的影響。而教育部提倡的“陽光體育”活動要求小學生每天至少開展1小時的體育鍛煉,解決霧霾問題,保障小學體育活動有效開展,成了蕪湖市政府、教育局的當務之急。本研究采用文獻研讀、問卷調查、專家訪談等方法,探討了蕪湖市小學霧霾天氣下體育活動的開展現(xiàn)狀,剖析其存在問題,并提出相應的對策,以期保障霧霾天氣下蕪湖市小學體育活動的合理進行。研究表明:(1)相對于學生,蕪湖市多數(shù)小學體育教師比較了解霧霾天氣下開展體育運動的危害性,但重視程度不夠,對可以進行室外體育活動的霧霾污染程度不太明確。(2)霧霾較重時蕪湖市多數(shù)小學停開體育課,主要被自習和看視頻等活動所代替;霧霾較輕時多數(shù)小學開展體育課,其中部分學校在教學目標、教學內容、教學方法和組織形式上有所調整,多數(shù)學校在運動強度和活動時間上有所減少。霧霾天氣下蕪湖市小學生體育課活動的主要場所為教室,由于小學室內體育場館缺乏,在室內開展體育活動的學校偏少。(3)霧霾較重情況下,蕪湖市多數(shù)小學取消了大課間活動,受人數(shù)因素和場地因素制約,活動形式以學生自主活動為主,活動場所以教室為主,缺乏統(tǒng)一組織;即使在霧霾較輕時,陽光一小時活動也只有少數(shù)學校開展;由于運動隊有專門教練負責,加之需完成相應的比賽任務,多數(shù)小學運動隊在霧霾天氣進行訓練,但訓練目標、內容和形式等有所調整。(4)雖然蕪湖市部分小學開展了補充鍛煉,但均未制定合理的補充鍛煉方案,未對補充鍛煉的頻率、內容、活動量、形式進行科學論證,沒能有效利用補充鍛煉的途徑,來彌補霧霾天氣下小學生體育活動開展不足的問題。(5)多數(shù)蕪湖市小學體育主管部門應對霧霾天氣的措施局限于意識層面,應對措施缺少約束性和計劃性,對霧霾天氣下合理地開展體育活動指導性不強,在室內場館建設方面力度不大。蕪湖市體育教師應對霧霾天氣所采取措施較為簡單,主要為調整運動負荷和在教室內開展體育活動,學生對霧霾天體育課的滿意度不高。
[Abstract]:At present, haze weather has become the norm in some parts of China. According to statistics, the period 2015-2016, The proportion of haze weather in Wuhu area is nearly 40%. Haze has had a very negative impact on the physical education of primary schools in Wuhu. The "sunshine sports" campaign advocated by the Ministry of Education requires pupils to carry out at least one hour of physical exercise a day to solve the haze problem. It has become an urgent task for Wuhu Municipal Government and Education Bureau to ensure the effective development of primary school sports activities. The present situation of sports activities under haze weather in primary schools in Wuhu City is discussed by means of literature study, questionnaire investigation and expert interviews. The existing problems are analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures are put forward in order to ensure the reasonable physical activity of Wuhu primary school under the weather of haze. The research shows that: 1) is relative to the students. Most primary school physical education teachers in Wuhu understand the harmfulness of developing sports in haze weather, but pay less attention to it. The degree of haze pollution that can be used for outdoor sports activities is not too clear. (2) when haze is heavier, most primary schools in Wuhu city stop to open physical education classes, which are mainly replaced by activities such as self-study and watching videos; when haze is lighter, most primary schools carry out physical education classes. Some of the schools have adjusted their teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching methods and organizational forms, while most schools have reduced their sports intensity and time. The main place for the physical education activities of primary school students in Wuhu city under haze weather is the classroom. Due to the lack of indoor stadiums and gymnasiums in primary schools and the relatively few schools carrying out indoor sports activities in Wuhu, most primary schools in Wuhu have cancelled large class activities, which are restricted by the factors of number and venue. The main forms of activities are students' independent activities, the main venues are classrooms, and there is no unified organization. Even when haze is relatively light, only a few schools carry out one-hour sunshine activities; because sports teams have special coaches, In addition to the need to complete the corresponding competition tasks, most primary school sports teams train in haze weather, but the training objectives, contents and forms have been adjusted. (4) although some primary schools in Wuhu have developed supplementary exercises, However, no reasonable supplementary exercise program has been formulated, and the frequency, content, activity quantity and form of supplementary exercise have not been scientifically demonstrated, and the ways of supplementary exercise have not been effectively utilized. To make up for the lack of physical activity of primary school students in haze weather. Most of the administrative departments of primary school sports in Wuhu City are limited to the measures of haze weather at the level of consciousness and lack of restraint and planning. The reasonable development of sports activities under haze weather is not very instructive, and the construction of indoor gymnasiums is not strong. The measures taken by physical education teachers in Wuhu to cope with haze weather are relatively simple. In order to adjust the sports load and carry out sports activities in the classroom, the students' satisfaction with the physical education on haze days was not high.
【學位授予單位】：安徽師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G623.8

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