本文關鍵詞： 3D打印技術 創(chuàng)造性思維 教學設計　出處：《山東師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：國家實施了創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展“三步走”戰(zhàn)略,明確到2050年建成世界科技創(chuàng)新強國,技術創(chuàng)新和人才的培養(yǎng)成為計劃順利實施的重要保障。屆時,社會各行各業(yè)會加大創(chuàng)新型人才的需求。這就需要教育源源不斷地為社會輸送具有創(chuàng)造性思維的高精尖人才。當今教育和技術朝著相互滲透的方向發(fā)展,利用科學技術不斷革新教學內(nèi)容和方法已成為大勢所趨。3D打印技術在歷經(jīng)三十年的摸索與實踐后,無論在技術、適用性,還是應用材料的選擇性上都日臻完善,這項新技術集設計和制作于一身,用來培養(yǎng)學生的創(chuàng)造性思維有著得天獨厚的優(yōu)勢。本研究從培養(yǎng)學生創(chuàng)造性思維的角度出發(fā),選用3D打印技術作為教學手段,分別采用文獻研究法,案例分析法,行動研究等方法,探索3D打印在教學應用中的有效途徑�；谘芯糠治�,3D打印課程在培養(yǎng)學生創(chuàng)造性思維方面有著很大的優(yōu)勢,但是目前許多學校還達不到開發(fā)3D打印課程的條件。于是本文探索了將3D打印和學科教學相結合的模式,以具有代表性的小學《科學》為例,進行了具體的教學設計和實施。恰當?shù)氖褂?D打印機將達到意想不到的教學效果:第一,優(yōu)化教學手段,寓教于樂,加深學生對知識的理解和學習。第二,有助于課程設計、制作類活動的實施,培養(yǎng)學生的動手制作能力。第三,開啟DIY的教學時代,滿足個性化需求,培養(yǎng)學生的創(chuàng)造性思維,提高整體素養(yǎng),為進一步發(fā)展打下基礎。本篇論文研究主要內(nèi)容如下:第一,本文通過對大量中外文獻的梳理歸納,介紹3D打印技術原理,著重分析3D打印在基礎教育領域的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。第二,研究目前我國培養(yǎng)小學生創(chuàng)造性思維的劣勢與不足之處,分析培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造性思維的方法�？偨Y3D打印技術在小學教學中的運用方向和作用,及其小學科學課程在培養(yǎng)學生創(chuàng)造性思維方面起到的作用等。第三,對基于設計學習的BT模型進行了研究,分析BT模型的成功教學案例,結合3D打印的特點,在BT模型的基礎上設計出一個適合培養(yǎng)小學生創(chuàng)造性思維的教學設計框架。第四,以3D打印小學五年級科學課第一單元“沉和浮”中第四小節(jié)《造一艘小船》為例進行教學設計,選用BT模型設計教學過程,并組織實施教學,對教學中存在的問題進行了反思。
[Abstract]:The state has implemented the "three-step" strategy of innovation-driven development, and has made it clear that by 2050 it will be a powerful country in science and technology innovation in the world, and technological innovation and the training of talents will become important guarantees for the smooth implementation of the plan. All kinds of industries will increase the demand for innovative talents. This requires education to continuously transport creative thinking talents. Nowadays, education and technology are developing in the direction of mutual penetration. The use of science and technology to constantly innovate teaching content and methods has become the general trend. 3D printing technology after 30 years of exploration and practice, no matter in technology, applicability. Or the selectivity of the application of materials are improving, this new technology is designed and made in one. In order to cultivate students' creative thinking, this study chooses 3D printing technology as the teaching means, and adopts the literature research method from the point of view of cultivating students' creative thinking. Case analysis, action research and other methods to explore the effective way of 3D printing in teaching application. Based on research and analysis, 3D printing course has great advantages in cultivating students' creative thinking. But at present, many schools still can not meet the conditions of developing 3D printing curriculum. So this paper explores the combination of 3D printing and subject teaching, taking the representative primary school "Science" as an example. Appropriate use of 3D printer will achieve unexpected teaching results: first, optimize teaching means, teaching in fun, deepen students' understanding and learning of knowledge. It is helpful to the implementation of curriculum design and production activities, and to cultivate students' hands-on production ability. Third, to open the teaching era of DIY, to meet the needs of individuation, to cultivate students' creative thinking, and to improve their overall literacy. In order to lay a foundation for further development. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, this paper introduces the principle of 3D printing technology by combing and summarizing a large number of Chinese and foreign literature. Focus on the analysis of the development of 3D printing in the field of basic education. Second, the study of the current primary school students creative thinking weaknesses and shortcomings. This paper analyzes the methods of cultivating creative thinking, summarizes the application direction and function of 3D printing technology in primary school teaching, and the role of primary school science curriculum in cultivating students' creative thinking. Third. The BT model based on design learning is studied, the successful teaching cases of BT model are analyzed, and the characteristics of 3D printing are combined. On the basis of BT model, the author designs a teaching design framework suitable for the cultivation of pupils' creative thinking. 4th. Taking the 4th section of "Building a boat" in the first unit of "sinking and floating", the fifth grade science course of primary school, as an example, the teaching process of BT model design is selected and the teaching process is organized and implemented. This paper reflects on the problems existing in teaching.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G623.6

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