本文關(guān)鍵詞： 啞鈴操 水平二 小學(xué)生 上肢力量素質(zhì)　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著當(dāng)今社會(huì)人民生活水平的不斷提高,我國(guó)中小學(xué)生的生活方式、活動(dòng)形式及體質(zhì)狀態(tài)也發(fā)生了極大的變化,伴隨著這一變化中小學(xué)生的體質(zhì)卻呈現(xiàn)出了下降的狀態(tài)。近年來(lái),中小學(xué)生體質(zhì)持續(xù)下降,尤其是中小學(xué)生握力增長(zhǎng)下降的趨勢(shì)更為明顯。中小學(xué)生是祖國(guó)的未來(lái),民族的希望,中小學(xué)生體質(zhì)持續(xù)下降,直接影響著祖國(guó)未來(lái)的發(fā)展。而當(dāng)前中小學(xué)生上肢力量素質(zhì)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)不穩(wěn)定,急需加強(qiáng)中小學(xué)生的上肢力量素質(zhì)的鍛煉。本論文從水平二小學(xué)生生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的特點(diǎn)出發(fā),創(chuàng)編適合水平二小學(xué)生練習(xí)的啞鈴操來(lái)發(fā)展小學(xué)生的上肢力量素質(zhì)。通過(guò)對(duì)水平二的學(xué)生進(jìn)行啞鈴操的運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù),驗(yàn)證啞鈴操創(chuàng)編的科學(xué)性,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象手持不同重量的啞鈴進(jìn)行啞鈴操的鍛煉,分析適宜小學(xué)生上肢力量素質(zhì)發(fā)展的最佳方案,進(jìn)而為提高小學(xué)生上肢力量素質(zhì)提供針對(duì)性、科學(xué)性及有效性的啞鈴操鍛煉,豐富發(fā)展小學(xué)生上肢力量素質(zhì)的方法,為針對(duì)性的提高小學(xué)生上肢力量素質(zhì)提供有效的實(shí)踐依據(jù)。本研究運(yùn)用了文獻(xiàn)資料法、訪談法、實(shí)驗(yàn)法和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法等方法進(jìn)行研究。選取石家莊市紅星小學(xué)水平二的三、四年級(jí)各2個(gè)自然班的學(xué)生為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,每班學(xué)生再隨機(jī)分成2個(gè)組,共分4個(gè)組,分別為3%組、6%組、變化組和對(duì)照組。三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)組進(jìn)行不同方案的啞鈴操練習(xí),對(duì)照組進(jìn)行正常體育課的學(xué)習(xí),每周3次課,每次15分鐘,進(jìn)行為期16周的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。測(cè)試指標(biāo)包括身體形態(tài)、身體機(jī)能、身體素質(zhì)及上肢力量素質(zhì)測(cè)試指標(biāo)。研究結(jié)果:(1)本研究中所設(shè)計(jì)的啞鈴操是在音樂(lè)伴隨下進(jìn)行練習(xí),成套動(dòng)作練習(xí)后,心率達(dá)到本人最大心率的60%-85%之間,每周3次,每次練習(xí)15分鐘左右,運(yùn)動(dòng)負(fù)荷基本符合水平二小學(xué)生練習(xí)的要求。(2)經(jīng)過(guò)16周的啞鈴操練習(xí),三個(gè)組別的學(xué)生在握力、持鈴側(cè)平舉、斜體向上、坐姿擲實(shí)心球、跪臥撐、閉目側(cè)平舉成績(jī)上都有非常明顯的提高(P0.01);同時(shí)對(duì)于身體形態(tài)的指標(biāo)中上臂圍差有非常顯著性差異(p0.01);身體素質(zhì)指標(biāo)中1分鐘跳繩也有不同程度的顯著性差異;其它身體形態(tài)、身體機(jī)能和身體素質(zhì)各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)無(wú)顯著性差異(p0.05)。(3)經(jīng)過(guò)啞鈴操的練習(xí),不同重量的啞鈴組別所顯示的效果也不相同,各組間存在不同程度的顯著性差異,上肢力量素質(zhì)指標(biāo)中6%組對(duì)握力、持鈴側(cè)平舉、斜體向上、跪臥撐、坐姿擲實(shí)心球成績(jī)的提高有顯著性作用;變化組對(duì)閉目側(cè)平舉的成績(jī)提高效果最佳。同時(shí)三個(gè)不同重量啞鈴操組鍛煉方式中對(duì)上臂圍差指標(biāo)也有不同程度的影響,男女生的變化趨勢(shì)相同,影響效果由高到低依次為:6%組、變化組、3%組;對(duì)1分鐘跳繩指標(biāo)有不同程度的顯著性差異,男女生趨勢(shì)一致,3%組與變化組有非常顯著性差異(p0.01),3%組與6%組有顯著性差異(p0.05),6%組與變化組有顯著性差異(p0.05)。其他各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均無(wú)顯著性差異(p0.05)。研究結(jié)論:(1)本研究所設(shè)計(jì)的啞鈴操,核心動(dòng)作選擇合理,成套動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)負(fù)荷適合水平二小學(xué)生。(2)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:啞鈴操的練習(xí)對(duì)水平二小學(xué)生的上肢力量素質(zhì)提高有顯著作用。(3)不同重量啞鈴操組對(duì)水平二男、女生的鍛煉效果不盡相同。其中肌肉力量耐力和爆發(fā)力的練習(xí)效果由高到低依次為:6%組、變化組、3%組;肌肉協(xié)調(diào)控制能力鍛煉效果有顯著性提高,練習(xí)效果呈現(xiàn)一致性,變化趨勢(shì)由高到低依次為:變化組、6%組、3%組。
[Abstract]:Along with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, China's middle school students life style, activity form and physical status has also undergone a great change, with the change of the primary and middle school students physique has showed a decline in the state. In recent years, primary and middle school students' physique continued to decline, especially in primary and middle school students grip growth the trend is more obvious. The elementary and middle school students are the future of the motherland, the hope of the nation, and continued to decline in physical fitness of students, directly affect the future development of the motherland. And the development trend of the power quality of the current primary and middle school students of upper limbs is not stable, the urgent need to strengthen the students' quality of upper limb strength exercise. The characteristics of this paper from the two levels of pupils' growth the two level for creating dumbbell exercises students to develop primary school students' exercise of power quality. Based on the upper level of two students were dumbbell exercise movement stem Pre scientific verification of dumbbell exercises ", through the experiment of different weight of hand-held dumbbells dumbbell exercise exercise, best program analysis of upper limb strength quality development of students, so as to improve the quality of pupils' upper limb strength provide targeted, scientific and effective method of dumbbell exercise exercise, enrich the development of pupils' upper limb strength quality and to provide an effective basis for the practice of improving students' quality. Upper limb strength of the use of the literature method, interview method, experimental research method and mathematical statistics method. Select the level of primary school in Shijiazhuang city in two star three, the fourth grade of the 2 classes of students as experimental subjects, students per class then randomly divided into 2 groups, were divided into 4 groups, respectively, into 3% groups, 6% groups, change group and control group. Three groups of different schemes of dumbbell exercises, the control group of normal body Education class learning, class 3 times a week, every 15 minutes, experiments were carried out for 16 weeks. The test indexes including body shape, body function, body quality and upper limb strength quality testing index. Results: (1) dumbbell designed in this study. In music practice, complete sets of actions after practice, my heart rate reached maximum heart rate between 60%-85%, 3 times a week, each exercise 15 minutes, exercise load accords with the level of two pupils practice requirements. (2) after 16 weeks of dumbbell exercises, three groups of students holding force, holding the bell sideward, italics upward, throwing solid posture the ball, kneeling support, eyes closed lateral raise grades have very significantly improved (P0.01); at the same time, there was a significant difference in body shape index in the upper arm circumference difference (P0.01); physical quality index in the 1 minute jump rope also has significant differences; Other body shape, there was no significant difference between the indexes of body function and the quality (P0.05). (3) after the dumbbell exercises, different weight groups showed the dumbbell effect is not the same, there are significant differences between the groups, the upper limb strength quality refers to the standard grip 6% groups, holding the bell sideward, italic, upward, kneeling posture support, have significant effect to improve the performance of solid ball throwing out the eyes closed; change group side improve the performance of the best effect. At the same time in three different weight groups exercise dumbbell exercises also have different effects on the upper arm circumference difference index, the change trend of male and female students the same effect from high to low: 6% groups change group, the 3% groups; there were significant differences in different degrees for 1 minutes skipping index, male and female students the same trend, there was a significant difference between 3% groups (P0.01 group), and the changes of the 3% groups have significant difference between 6% groups (P0.05), there was significant difference between the 6% groups and change group (P0.05). There were no significant differences in other indicators (P0.05). Conclusions: (1) the design of the dumbbell exercises, reasonable selection of the core action, exercise routines for level two students. The experimental results show that (2) the quality of the level two pupils: dumbbell exercises improve upper limb strength have a significant effect. (3) different weight dumbbell exercise group on the level of two male, female exercise effect is not the same. The muscle strength and endurance power exercise effect from high to low: 6% group, 3% group change group. The effect of exercise; muscle coordination control ability has improved significantly, practice results show consistency, change trend from high to low is: change group, 6% group, 3% group.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G623.8

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