【摘要】：研究目的:本文主要采用遙感肌電結(jié)合高速攝像技術(shù)對(duì)馮杰旋轉(zhuǎn)式推鉛球各技術(shù)階段的主要用力肌群進(jìn)行測(cè)試。通過(guò)所測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)找出各技術(shù)階段主要用力肌肉的放電時(shí)間順序、用力大小順序及貢獻(xiàn)率等,進(jìn)而揭示旋轉(zhuǎn)式推鉛球的肌肉用力特征。并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行總結(jié),改善運(yùn)動(dòng)員不正確的發(fā)力習(xí)慣,避免身體各部位在投擲鉛球過(guò)程中用力不集中。為運(yùn)動(dòng)員在今后的技術(shù)及專(zhuān)項(xiàng)力量訓(xùn)練中安排合理的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃,同時(shí)也為同類(lèi)項(xiàng)群運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目提供一定的理論支撐依據(jù)。研究方法:采用芬蘭產(chǎn)的Megawin6000便攜式8導(dǎo)肌電儀采集運(yùn)動(dòng)員前后兩次測(cè)試的肌電數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用Megawin肌電分析軟件并結(jié)合影像視頻同步對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行篩選處理。通過(guò)分析得出以下幾點(diǎn)研究結(jié)果:1.雙支撐階段右豎脊肌、右股四頭肌、左股二頭肌在放電時(shí)間順序上相對(duì)穩(wěn)定;右豎脊肌、右臀大肌肌電信號(hào)同步化程度較高,且是該階段主要發(fā)力肌肉,同步化和貢獻(xiàn)率最低的是左股二頭肌、右腹外斜肌。2.單支撐階段在放電時(shí)間順序上右豎脊肌、右臀大肌、左股四頭肌、右腹外斜肌放電效果相對(duì)穩(wěn)定;右豎脊肌、左股二頭肌、左股四頭肌是該階段主要發(fā)力肌肉,右腓腸肌后段、右股四頭肌肌電信號(hào)同步化和貢獻(xiàn)率最低。3.騰空階段完成動(dòng)作時(shí)間最短,在放電時(shí)間順序上左股二頭肌、右豎脊肌、右腹外斜肌放電效果相對(duì)穩(wěn)定;右股二頭肌、右豎脊肌、左股四頭肌是該階段主要發(fā)力肌肉,右腓腸肌后段肌電信號(hào)同步化程度和放電貢獻(xiàn)率最低。4.過(guò)渡階段右股四頭肌、左股二頭肌、右豎脊肌、右腹外斜肌放電時(shí)間順序相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,右股二頭肌、左股四頭肌、右腹外斜肌肌電信號(hào)同步化程度高且是該階段主要發(fā)力肌肉,右臀大肌同步化程度和貢獻(xiàn)率相對(duì)較弱。5.最后用力階段右股四頭肌、右腹外斜肌、左股二頭肌、左股四頭肌放電時(shí)間順序相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,右腹外斜肌、右股二頭肌、右股四頭肌是該階段主要發(fā)力肌肉,右臀大肌、右腓腸肌后段肌電信號(hào)同步化程度和貢獻(xiàn)率偏低。結(jié)論:1.雙支撐階段準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間充足,更有利于各塊肌肉的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)力,且與成績(jī)的高低呈正相關(guān);另外,右腹外斜肌在整個(gè)技術(shù)階段放電不太穩(wěn)定,尤其是在雙支撐階段。2.右豎脊肌在整個(gè)技術(shù)階段中肌肉放電水平相對(duì)較好,說(shuō)明在固定豎立軀干保持旋轉(zhuǎn)的穩(wěn)定性具有重要的作用;另外,右股二頭肌、右股四頭肌、右腹外斜肌是過(guò)渡階段和最后用力階段主要發(fā)力肌肉,尤其是右腹外斜肌對(duì)投擲成績(jī)的高低具有至關(guān)重要的作用。3.在過(guò)渡階段和最后用力階段中右腓腸肌后段、右臀大肌肌電信號(hào)同步化程度和貢獻(xiàn)率均偏低。
[Abstract]:Purpose: in this paper, remote sensing EMG combined with high speed camera technique was used to test the main forced muscle groups in each technical stage of Feng Jie rotating shot put. Through the measured data, the discharge time sequence, force order and contribution rate of the main forced muscles in each technical stage are found out, and then the muscle force characteristics of rotating shot put are revealed. On this basis, we can improve the incorrect power habit of athletes and avoid the inconcentration of all parts of the body in the process of shot put. It provides a reasonable training plan for athletes in the future technical and special strength training, and also provides a certain theoretical basis for the same kind of sports. Research methods: Megawin6000 portable 8-guide EMG instrument made in Finland was used to collect the EMG data of athletes before and after the test. Megawin EMG analysis software and image and video synchronization were used to screen and process the data. Through the analysis, the following research results are obtained: 1. In the double support stage, the right vertical spinal muscle, the right quadriceps femoris and the left biceps muscle were relatively stable in the order of discharge time, and the electrical signals of the right vertical spinal muscle and the right gluteus maximus muscle were more synchronous, and were the main muscle at this stage, the lowest synchronization and contribution rate were the left biceps femoris and the right extraventral oblique muscle. 2. In the single support stage, the discharge effect of right vertical spinal muscle, right gluteus major muscle, left quadriceps femoris and right extraabdominal oblique muscle was relatively stable, and the synchronization and contribution rate of right vertical spinal muscle, left biceps femoris and left quadriceps femoris were the lowest in the posterior segment of right peroneal muscle and right quadriceps muscle. In the order of discharge time, the discharge effect of left biceps femoris, right vertical spinal muscle and right extraabdominal oblique muscle was relatively stable. Right biceps femoris, right vertical spinal muscle and left quadriceps muscle were the main muscle at this stage, and the synchronization degree and discharge contribution rate of EMG in the posterior segment of right peroneal muscle were the lowest. 4. During the transition stage, the discharge time of right quadriceps femoris, left biceps femoris, right vertical ridge muscle and right extraabdominal oblique muscle was relatively stable, and the synchronization degree of right biceps muscle, left quadriceps muscle and right extraabdominal oblique muscle was high and was the main muscle at this stage, and the synchronization degree and contribution rate of right gluteus major muscle were relatively weak. 5. Finally, the discharge time sequence of right quadriceps femoris, right extraabdominal oblique muscle, left biceps femoris and left quadriceps muscle was relatively stable. Right external oblique muscle, right biceps femoris, right quadriceps femoris muscle were the main muscle, right gluteus major muscle and posterior segment of right peroneal muscle. Conclusion: 1. The preparation time of the double support stage is sufficient, which is more beneficial to the coordinated power of each muscle, and is positively correlated with the score. In addition, the discharge of the right extraventral oblique muscle is not very stable in the whole technical stage, especially in the double support stage. 2. The discharge level of right vertical spinal muscle is relatively good in the whole technical stage, which indicates that it plays an important role in maintaining the stability of rotation in the fixed vertical torso. In addition, the right biceps femoris, right quadriceps femoris and right epigastric oblique muscle are the main driving muscles in the transition stage and the final force stage, especially the right extraventral oblique muscle, which plays an important role in the throwing performance. 3. The right biceps muscle, the right quadriceps muscle and the right epigastric lateral oblique muscle play an important role in the throwing performance. 3. In the transition stage and the final force stage, the synchronization degree and contribution rate of the right gluteus maximus EMG signal were low in the posterior segment of the right sural muscle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G824.1

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